75mGy X线全身照射对小鼠脾细胞抗瘤活性的增强作用

将经７５ｍＧｙＸ线全身照射后小鼠的脾细胞过转移至同系小鼠体内，观察其对肿瘤生长及转移的影响，结果发现，照射组小鼠脾细胞可明显抑制与小混合注射的Ｌｅｗｉｓ肺癌（ＬＬＣ）细胞的生长和自发肺转移（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．０１）。与假照组相比，照射后２４ｈ照射组小鼠脾脏有核细胞数增多（Ｐ〈０．０２），脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ和ＩＬ－２的反应性增强（Ｐ〈０．００１），ＮＫ细胞毒活性明显提高（Ｐ〈０．０１），提示，脾细胞免     

低剂量电离辐射对小鼠免疫器官cAMP和儿茶酚胺含量的影响

本文报道，７５ｍＧｙ／（１２．５ｍＧｙ／ｍｉｎ）单次全身Ｘ射线照射后９小时用ＳＲＢＣ免疫Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠，在免疫后４天和７天脾脏、胸腺和下丘脑ｃＡＭＰ含量均降低；而在免疫后４天脾脏去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和酪氨酸含量均增高，免疫后７天肾上腺素含量仍持续增高；当连接γ射线６５ｍＧｙ（０．０１５ｍＧｙ／ｍｉｎ，６ｈ／ｄ）全身照射小鼠后即刻或２９小时后免疫，脾脏和下丘脑ｃＡＭＰ含量也均降低。提示，低剂量     

低剂量电离辐射对免疫器官局部微环境的免疫调节作用

目的和方法：观察７５ｍＧｙＸ射线全身照射昆明系雄性小鼠后２４ｈ，其血清及胸腺和脾细胞外液对免疫功能的影响。结果：小鼠经７５ｍＧｙ照射后，其血清抑制脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ反应性低于正常血清，其胸腺（脾）细胞外液抑制胸腺细胞３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ自发掺入能力（脾细胞对ＣｏｎＡ反应性）也明显低于正常对照组，尤以ＭＷ＜１０ｋＤ组份为著；胸腺和脾细胞外液经ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ１００层析获得的第一峰较正常对照的高，而第二峰较之为低，其中第二峰对免疫功能的抑制作用低于正常对照的第二峰更为明显。结论：低剂量辐射能够改变免疫器官局部微环境，使免疫功能增强，可能与其神经体液因子等因素的变化有关。     

IL-2基因修饰成纤维细胞对肝癌荷瘤小鼠的治疗实验

目的研究双顺反子逆转录病毒载体介导ＩＬ－２基因转导成纤维细胞对小鼠肝癌的治疗作用。方法利用双顺反子逆转录病毒载体ｐＧＣＥＮ／ＩＬ－２将ＩＬ－２基因转导小鼠成纤维细胞ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３，然后将分泌ＩＬ－２的成纤维细胞与６０Ｇｙγ射线照射的肝癌Ｈ２２细胞皮下植入三天前５×１０５或２．２×１０５肝癌Ｈ２２细胞皮下注射的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ鼠。结果分泌ＩＬ－２的成纤维细胞治疗组能明显增加荷瘤小鼠的生存率（Ｐ＜０．０２５），抑制肿瘤生长（Ｐ＜０．０５），在肿瘤植入第７０天无肿瘤形成的小鼠再次注射１×１０６Ｈ２２细胞仍然不发生肿瘤。５１Ｃｒ释放试验表明来自照射Ｈ２２与分泌ＩＬ－２成纤维细胞混合液注射的小鼠脾细胞与５１Ｃｒ标记的Ｈ２２细胞共培养后，５１Ｃｒ特异释放明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论实验结果表明ＩＬ－２基因修饰的成纤维细胞能诱导针对肝癌的特异免疫反应。     

下丘脑—垂体—性腺轴功能变化在低剂量辐射免疫刺激效应中的…

７５ｍＧｙＸ线全身单次照射昆明雄性小鼠。下丘脑５－ＨＴ含量增高，而血清ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ和睾丸酮水平下降，伴有脾细胞胞浆，胞核ＴＳ受体数目减少。给大鼠正丘脑注入５－ＨＴ，血清促性腺激素水平变化与７５ｍＧｙ射后小鼠血清激素变化一致。     

下丘脑－垂体－性腺轴功能变化在低剂量辐射免疫刺激效应中的作用

７５ｍＧｙＸ线全身单次照射昆明雄性小鼠，下丘脑５－ＨＴ含量增高，而血清ＬＨ、ＦＳＨ和睾丸酮（ＴＳ）水平下降，伴有脾细胞胞浆、胞核ＴＳ受体数目减少ｑ给大鼠下丘脑注入５－ＨＴ，血清促性腺激素水平变化与７５ｍＧｙ照射后小鼠血清激素变化一致ｑ提示，低剂量辐射可激活中枢５－ＨＴ神经元，使下丘脑５－ＨＴ产生和分泌增加，性腺轴功能下调，部分解除下丘脑－垂体－性腺系统对免疫器官的张力性抑制，从而诱发免疫功能增强。     

小鼠^60Co—γ射线照射后空肠组织中NO和cGMP含量变化

目的和方法：选用ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，采用一氧化氮荧光分光光度法和放射免疫测定法，对不同剂量６０Ｃｏ－γ射线（８Ｇｙ、１２Ｇｙ、１４Ｇｙ）照射后的小鼠和８Ｇｙ照射后不同时间（分别为２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ）小鼠空肠组织中ＮＯ－２和ｃＧＭＰ含量进行了测定。结果：８Ｇｙγ射线全身照射后，小鼠空肠组织中ＮＯ－２含量增加，照后４８ｈ含量最高，ｃＧＭＰ含量在照后２４ｈ最高，４８ｈ降至接近对照水平，在４８ｈ处，ｃＧＭＰ含量与照射剂量呈依赖性正相关。     

低剂量辐射增强小鼠胸腺细胞PKC亚型的表达

目的和方法：本实验采用流式细胞术研究了不同剂量Ｘ射线全身照射后４、１２、２４和４８ｈ,昆明小鼠胸腺细胞蛋白激酶Ｃ亚型表达的变化。结果：７５ｍＧｙ全身照射后ＰＫＣ－α、β１、β２表达均有增强,于照射后１２ｈ达峰值,ＰＫＣ－α、β２于４８ｈ恢复至假照水平,ＰＫＣ－β１于４８ｈ仍明显增高。４Ｇｙ照射后,ＰＫＣ－α表达显著下降。     

电离辐射诱发的Jurkat T淋巴细胞凋亡及其机制

用原位末端标记法，麦格－姬联（ＭＧＧ）染色法和免疫组化技术，观察了经５，１０，２０和３０Ｇｙ不同剂量的γ射线照射后４ｈ－３６ｈ，人Ｊｕｒｋａｔ Ｔ淋巴细胞白血病的凋亡及Ｂａｘ和Ｂｃｌ－２蛋白的表达。结果表明，不同剂量γ射线照射后，Ｔ淋巴细胞数的减少和凋亡率均显示出较好的量效和时效关系，证实细胞凋亡是照射后Ｔ淋巴细胞数减少的主要原因之一；     

人参总皂甙对造血生长因子产生的影响

本文应用造血祖细胞体外培养术和白细胞介素（ＩＬ）生物活性检测术，观察经人参总皂甙（ＴＳＰＧ）刺激的小鼠脾细胞、腹腔巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞培养上清液的集落刺激因子（ＣＳＦ）、ＩＬ－２和ＩＬ－６生物活性。结果表明：ＴＳＰＧ刺激组的ＣＳＦ和ＩＬ－６活性均显著高于对照组，ＴＳＰＧ刺激的脾细胞培养上清液的ＩＬ－２活性明显高于对照组，而ＴＳＰＧ刺激的巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞培养上清液的ＩＬ－２活性与对照组无显著性差     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995