早期子宫内膜癌腹膜后淋巴结清扫及术后放疗疗效的系统评价

目的：评价腹膜后淋巴结清扫及术后放疗对早期子宫内膜癌的有效性、安全性。方法：检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、EMBASE、CBM、CNKI数据库等。纳入早期内膜癌淋巴结清扫及术后放疗的随机对照试验。按照Cochrane系统评价方法,严格评价纳入研究质量,对同质研究采用RevMan 5．0软件进行Meta分析。结果：①淋巴结清扫组与非淋巴结清扫组的5年总生存率、无瘤生存率、总体复发率、局部复发率、远处复发率、内膜癌相关死亡率均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后淋巴囊肿发生率前者高于后者（P〈0．01）;术后分期前者提升约10％。②手术＋放疗组与手术组的总生存率、远处复发率、内膜癌相关死亡率差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。前者的局部复发率、总体复发率明显低于后者（P均〈0．01）;但其并发症发生率高于后者（P〈0.01）。结论：早期子宫内膜癌患者不主张常规行腹膜后淋巴结清扫及术后放疗;应根据高危因素选择手术范围及术后辅助治疗方法。     

绝经前后妇女子宫内膜癌120例临床分析

目的 探讨绝经前后子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理特征、诊治及预后的相关因素。方法 将本院1992～2001年收治确诊为子宫内膜癌的120例患者分为绝经前后两组，绝经前组56例，绝经后组64例，分析两组患者的发病相关因素、临床病理特征、诊治及预后。结果 绝经前后两组患者子宫内膜样腺癌各占（85．7％、75％），两组Ⅰ期患者各占（64．3％、76．6％）。两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；两组比较，绝经前患者特殊病理类型少（分别为1．8％和12．5％），组织分级高，G1级（两组分别为67．9％和46．9％），深肌层浸润少（分别为13．7％和41．1％），宫颈受累多（分别为23．2％和9．4％）。5年生存率高（分别为96．4％和70．3％），上述各项差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。另外，1期患者手术中是否行淋巴结清扫5年生存率差异无统计学意义。结论 绝经前子宫内膜癌患者的预后较好与其临床病理特征有关；Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌患者术中行淋巴结清扫不提高5年生存率；早期发现、诊断、治疗子宫内膜癌则预后较好。     

早期子宫颈癌45例临床分析

目的探讨早期子宫颈癌的治疗方法、临床疗效及其影响因素。方法分析手术治疗早期子宫颈癌45例临床资料。按FIGO分期,Ⅰ期22例、Ⅱ期23例。单纯手术12例,以手术为主的综合治疗33例。广泛性全子宫切除＋双附件切除＋盆腔淋巴结清扫37例,广泛性全子宫切除＋单附件切除＋盆腔淋巴结清扫8例。观察肿瘤大小、病理分级、病理类型、临床分期及有无淋巴结转移对术后生存率的影响。结果45例中有43例获随访,其中3例死亡,全组死亡率6．98％。3年生存率92．86％（26／28）,5年生存率83．33％（15／18）。经统计分析,其预后与肿瘤大小、有无淋巴结转移有关（P〈0．05）。结论手术是治疗早期子宫颈癌的首选和有效的手段,早期诊断及早期治疗对改善其预后有帮     

Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌合理术式的探讨

探讨Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌的淋巴结转移率及行腹膜后淋巴结清除术的意义。方法：３８例均行全子宫及双附件切除。按ＦＩＧＯ分期Ⅰ期（Ａ组）经行腹膜后淋巴结清除术２２例,ＦＩＧＯ升级为Ⅲｃ期（Ｂ组）,未行腹膜后淋巴结清除的１０例（Ｃ）组。结果;经腹膜后淋巴结清除术的患者中２１．４％有腹膜后淋巴结转移,因此期别应上升为Ⅲｃｆ期,且腹膜后淋巴结转移与肿瘤细胞分级及肌层浸润深度有一定关系。     

术中肉眼判断Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌对治疗的指导意义

目的 探讨术中肉眼判断Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌对治疗的指导意义.方法 术中肉眼判断为Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌患者91例,Ⅱa期52例及Ⅱb期39例.按治疗方法分为A组(清扫淋巴结 术后体外放疗组)、B组(不清扫淋巴结 术后体外放疗组)、C组(清扫淋巴结 术后不体外放疗组).计算各种治疗方法 的5年生存率及复发率.结果 术中肉眼分期与术后病理分期符合率98%.Ⅱb期5年生存率明显低于Ⅱa期,差别有显著意义(P＜0.05).Ⅱa期3组间生存率及复发率无明显差别(P＞0.05).Ⅱa期有2例同时子宫体肌层浸润＞1/2,术中清淋巴结,术后均未放疗,分别2年和3年复发.Ⅱb期A、B、C 3组间生存率无明显差别(P＞0.05),但A组复发率明显低于B、C两组,B、C两组间复发率无明显差别(P＞0.05).结论 Ⅱ期子宫内膜癌术中肉眼分期准确率高;Ⅱa期患者如不合并高危因素,术中不必清扫淋巴结,术后补充放疗;Ⅱb期需行淋巴结清扫术和术后放疗,以提高生存率和降低复发率.     

宫颈癌治疗63例临床观察

目的观察宫颈癌的临床疗效。方法对于Ⅰ期宫颈癌行子宫次广泛切除术，术后加放射治疗；Ⅱ期官颈癌行广泛性子宫全切术＋盆腔淋巴结清扫术，术后加放疗；Ⅲ期以上者行放疗＋化疗。结果63例中，Ⅰ期宫颈癌术后生活满lo年以上者5例，满5年以上者18例，生存率100％；Ⅱ期宫颈癌术后12例中5年生存率33％，Ⅲ期宫颈癌5年内生存率为0。结论宫颈癌的治疗、转归及预后与宫颈癌的分期、分型、分化有着极其密切的联系，分期越早，疗效越好，生存率越高；分化越高，疗效越好．生存率越高。按病理分类，鳞癌明显高于腺癌生存率。     

年轻宫颈癌患者早期诊断和治疗17例

目的总结年轻宫颈癌患者早期诊断要点和治疗体会。方法回顾性分析2004年12月至2007年4月收治的17例年轻宫颈癌患者的临床资料。结果年轻宫颈癌患者临床症状不典型,以早期癌比例较高,原位癌及有生育要求的Ⅰa1患者2例行宫颈锥切术：术后未见复发;6例Ⅰa期患者行子宫广泛切除术,7例Ⅰb、Ⅱa期行子宫广泛切除术及盆腔淋巴结清扫术,术后3年生存率84．6％（11／13）;3例Ⅱb期以上者行根治性放疗,3年生存率为33．3％（1／3）。结论早期诊断对年轻宫颈癌预后十分关键,应采取以手术为基础的个体化综合治疗,改善预后,提高患者生活质量。     

166例乳腺癌术后辅助治疗远期疗效分析

目的：探讨乳腺癌根治术后辅助治疗的远期疗效。方法：166例乳腺癌病人（Ⅱ期90例，Ⅲ期76例）均行根治性手术治疗，术后分别采用单纯放疗、单纯化疗及化疗加放疗等辅助治疗。结果：Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期乳腺癌患者10年生存率分别为51．1％（46／90）、22．4％（17／76）。术后放疗组、术后放疗加化疗局部复发率（局部及区域淋巴结复发）均低于术后单纯化疗组（P＜0．05）；术后化疗组及术后放疗加化疗组远处转移率均低于术后单纯放疗组（P＜0．05）；术后放疗加化疗组10年生存率较术后单纯化疗及单纯放疗组明显提高（P＜0．05）。结论：Ⅱ、Ⅲ期乳腺癌术后辅助放疗可以减少局部复发率，术后化疗可以减少远处转移率，术后放疗加化疗可以明显提高10年生存率。     

宫颈癌术后放疗与化疗24例临床分析

目的：探讨早期宫颈癌广泛性子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结清扫术后放疗和化疗的适应证及疗效。方法：对24例早期宫颈癌广泛性子宫切除术和盆腔淋巴结清扫术后转院放疗和化疗患者跟踪随访后进行回顾性分析。结果：淋巴结转移数、细胞类型和肿瘤分期为影响宫颈癌预后的重要因素。2年生存率91．66％。合理放化疗显著延长生存期,其中有高危因素术后行放化疗者2年生存率100％,有高危因素术后未行放化疗者生存率仅71．42％。结论：淋巴结转移、腺癌、术后切端阳性、有宫旁浸润等高危因素的宫颈癌患者在术后复发及转移率较高,应及时补充放疗和（或）化疗,延长生存期,控制肿瘤的进展。     

子宫次全切术联合双附件切除及系统性淋巴结切除术治疗子宫内膜癌患者效果观察

目的:探讨子宫次全切术联合双附件切除及系统性淋巴结切除术治疗子宫内膜癌患者效果。方法:选取2017年2月至2020年2月在本院行手术治疗的96例子宫内膜癌患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予子宫次全切除+双附件切除+系统性淋巴结清扫治疗,对照组给予子宫次全切除+双附件切除+盆腔淋巴结清扫治疗,比较两组患者手术指标、性激素水平、术后1年生存率和复发率、术后并发症发生情况。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数量及淋巴结（+）率较对照组患者显著提高（P<0.05）;术前两组患者孕、雌激素水平无显著性差异（P>0.05）,术后3个月两组患者孕、雌激素水平均显著改善,且观察组患者术后3个月雌、孕激素改善更显著（P<0.05）;术后1年,观察组生存率为93.75%,显著高于对照组的75.00%（P<0.05）,复发率为8.33%,显著低于对照组的35.42%（P<0.05）;两组患者术后下肢水肿、淋巴囊肿、深静脉血栓、输尿管瘘、不全性肠梗阻等并发症发生率无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论:子宫次全切术联合双附件切除及系统性淋巴结切除术治疗子宫内膜癌可提高淋巴结清扫数量及淋巴结阳性检出率,减少复发,改善患者雌、孕激素水平及生存质量     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.