灵芝多糖与刀豆素A相互作用对小鼠脾细胞体外增殖反应的影响

灵芝多糖（ＧＬＢ）与刀豆素Ａ（ＣｏｎＡ）对小鼠脾细胞增殖反应有三种不同的相互作用当ＣｏｎＡ为亚适浓度时，ＧＬＢ有轻度的协同刺激作用；当ＣｏｎＡ为最适浓度时，高浓度ＧＬＢ可轻度对抗ＣｏｎＡ的刺激作用。当ＣｏｎＡ为超适浓度时ＧＬＢ可逆转 ＣｏｎＡ的抑制作用，并恢复ＣｏｎＡ的刺激作用至最适水平，可能是多糖与ＣｏｎＡ发生沉淀反应所致。     

芍药甙和去芍药甙白芍总甙对佐剂性关节炎大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生白介素2的影响

用亚适量刀豆素Ａ（３ｍｇ·Ｌ－１）诱导佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生白介素２（ＩＬ－２）。福氏完全佐剂致炎后ｄ１８，ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生ＩＬ－２显著低于正常对照大鼠，芍药甙（ＰＦ）、去芍药甙白芍总甙（ＴＧＰＲＰＦ）和白芍总甙（ＴＧＰ）促进ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生ＩＬ－２，其量效曲线均呈钟罩形，３种受试物显著促进作用的浓度范围为：ＰＦ２．５～１２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＴＧＰＲＰＦ１２．５～６２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１，ＴＧＰ２．５～６２．５ｍｇ·Ｌ－１。这些结果表明：ＰＦ、ＴＧＰＲＰＦ和ＴＧＰ对ＡＡ大鼠脾淋巴细胞产生ＩＬ－２均具有浓度和机能依赖性的调节作用     

佐剂性关节炎大鼠滑膜细胞的原代培养及分泌功能研究

分离、培养佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠膝关节滑膜细胞，倒置相差显微镜观察细胞形态，检测细胞增殖能力及培养上清中白细胞介素１（ＩＬ－１）、肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ－α）的生物活性和前列腺素Ｅ２（ＰＧＥ２）的含量。结果表明ＡＡ大鼠滑膜细胞存在三种不同的形态，即巨噬细胞样细胞（ＭＣｓ）、树突状细胞（ＤＣｓ）、成纤维细胞样细胞（ＦＣｓ）；滑膜细胞增殖能力增强；其分泌ＩＬ－１、ＴＮＦ－α和ＰＧＥ２的能力增强。本实验为研究类风湿性关节炎的病理及筛选抗风湿药提供了理想的实验材料。     

雷公藤单体T4对IL—1刺激引起的类风湿患者关节滑膜成纤 …

目的 探讨雷公藤单体Ｔ４对经ＩＬ－１刺激的体外培养的类风湿关节炎（ＲＡ）患者的关节滑膜成纤维细胞增殖和产生ＩＬ－６的影响。方法 关节滑膜组织来自行关节置换术或滑膜切除术的类风湿患者。滑膜组织经体外消化使细胞分散后,传代培养,以培养３代后的滑膜成纤维细胞为对象,先给予ＩＬ－１刺激,再加入雷公藤Ｔ４单体。结果 Ｔ４可抑制由Ｉ－１刺激的滑膜成纤维增殖,但不影响ＩＬ－６的产生。结论 Ｔ４的上述作用可能是其     

乙酰胆碱及其受体在调节T细胞增殖中的作用

本文研究不同浓度乙酰胆碱（ＡＣｈ）对Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖的影响，并初步探讨Ｍ型胆碱能受体在ＡＣｈ调节Ｔ细胞增殖中的作用，结果表明：１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度ＡＣｈ对Ｔ细胞增殖无明显影响，而１０－９～１０－４／ｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度ＡＣｈ均可显著增强Ｔ细胞对刀豆素Ａ的增殖反应；其中以１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ两个ＡＣｈ浓度的作用最强。１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的阿托品可阻断１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＡＣｈ对Ｔ细胞增殖的影响。结果提示：ＡＣｈ在较大的浓度范围内均可促进细胞免疫功能，ＡＣｈ增强细胞免疫的作用可能是通过Ｍ型胆碱能受体实现的。     

KG881抑制致分裂素诱导的淋巴细胞增殖和白介素1的生成

ＫＧ８８１均能抑制亚适量刀豆素Ａ（３ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１）诱导的小鼠脾脏Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖及适量脂多糖诱导的小鼠脾脏Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖和大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生白素１，其抑制作用均呈浓度依赖性。上述结果表明，ＫＧ８８１对致分裂素诱导的淋巴细胞增殖和白介素１产生具有抑制作用。     

大鼠血浆L－1生物活性检测

直接稀释同透析加稀释及凝胶层析一样，能有效去除大鼠血浆ＩＬ－１抑制物。对样本血浆直接稀释后，用常规ＬＡＦ法检测ＩＬ－１活性，用重组ＩＬ－１及ＩＬ－１抗体证明本法检测到的活性物质就是ＩＬ－１。     

虫草多糖体外对佐剂性关节炎大鼠免疫功能的影响

目的 观察虫草多糖体对佐剂性关节炎大鼠免疫功能的影响。方法 采用佐剂性关节炎大鼠（ＡＡ）的免疫细胞体外给药培养并检测一些免疫指标（ＣｏｎＡ增殖反应、ＩＫＬ－１、ＩＬ－２）。结果 虫草多糖（１０、１００ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１）既对ＡＡ大鼠过低的ＣｏｎＡ增殖反应有明显的促进作用,又对ＡＡ大鼠低下的ＩＬ－２产生有明显的促进作用但５个浓度（０．０１、０．１、１．１０、１００ｍｇ．：＾－１）对ＡＡ大鼠过高的ＩＬ０１     

大鼠血浆IL—1生物活性检测

直接稀释同透析加稀释及凝胶层析一样，能有效去除大鼠血浆ＩＬ－１抑制物，对样本血浆直接稀释后，用常规ＬＡＦ法检测ＩＬ－１活性，用重组ＩＬ－１抗体证明本法检测到的活性物质就是ＩＬ－１。     

固定化牛肾氨基酰化酶拆分法制备D—丙氨酸

研究了以中空纤维固定化牛肾氨基酰化酶拆分ＤＬ－Ａｌａ制备Ｄ－Ａｌａ及反应的各种优化条件和固定化酶的动力学性质。实验结果表明,固定化酶反应的最适ｐＨ为７．０,最反应温度为３０￣３５℃;固定化酶拆分反应的酶量选择为５ｍｇ／ｍｌ,时空体积ＳＶ＝１．０,在ｐＨ７．０,３０℃条件下的全拆分底物浓度为０．１ｍｌ／Ｌ。固定化酶常温１周内拆分率稳定,但对热不稳定,４０℃条件下放置３０ｍｉｎ活力下降３０％。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.