满洲里口岸蜱类携带斑点热群立克次体的核酸检测及核酸序列分析

目的了解中俄边境地区蜱类自然感染斑点热群立克次体(Rickettsia japonica)的状况,为蜱传斑点热的监测和检测提供技术支持。方法采集鼠类寄生蜱,研磨后提取蜱DNA,利用PCR扩增斑点热群立克次体Omp A基因,对阳性产物进行序列分析。结果在满洲里地区,鼠类体表采集到的蜱类样本,均为全沟硬蜱(Ixodes persulcatus),从8只蜱中检测到斑点热群立克次核酸。序列分析结果表明,其中12号标本中检出的斑点热立克次体与Gen Bank数据库中已注册的斑点热群立克次核酸序列有高度的相似性(98%~99%)。结论应加强对内蒙古满洲里地区蜱传斑点热的监测和检测,防止蜱传疾病的发生。     

新疆北部某边防部队蜱传疾病血清流行病学调查

目的了解新疆北部边防部队人粒细胞无形体病、莱姆病、森林脑炎3种蜱传疾病的流行概况。方法采取间接免疫荧光法检测血清中人粒细胞无形体病、森林脑炎IgG抗体;采取酶联免疫吸附法检测血清中莱姆病IgG抗体。结果共采集新疆北部地区边防官兵血清标本135份,其中人粒细胞无形体病阳性率57.04%(77/135),森林脑炎阳性率17.04%(23/135),莱姆病阳性率5.19%(7/135),3种疾病同时复合感染率0.74%(1/135),莱姆病与人粒细胞无形体病复合感染率2.22%(3/135),人粒细胞无形体病与森林脑炎复合感染率8.15%(11/135),莱姆病与森林脑炎复合感染率1.48%(2/135)。结论新疆北部某边防部队官兵中存在人粒细胞无形体病、森林脑炎、莱姆病的感染和流行,并有3种疾病的复合感染,其中森林脑炎与人粒细胞无形体病或莱姆病复合感染较严重,应引起高度重视,加强蜱传疾病的防治。     

新疆和硕地区荒漠景观中无形体感染的流行病学调查

目的明确无形体病在新疆南部和硕地区人群、山羊与媒介蜱种群中流行状况,探明该地区无形体种属多样性。方法采集当地健康人和山羊的血液样本,捕捉蜱样本;利用间接免疫荧光方法检测血清无形体特异性IgG抗体;通过巢式PCR方法检测无形体16S rDNA基因片段,通过序列比对分析确定无形体种属特征。结果和硕地区农牧民、山羊血清中无形体特异性IgG抗体阳性率分别为43．31%(55/127)和27．50%(55/200);采集获得蜱共367只,包括3属4种,其中主要为亚洲璃眼蜱(47．41%)和短小扇头蜱(37．60%);蜱、羊血样本无形体核酸阳性率分别为5．00%(18/360)和4．49%(7/156),人血中未检出无形体;序列测定与比对分析表明,阳性扩增序列与嗜吞噬细胞无形体(Gu046565、GU064897、ABl96721)同源性最高,分别为99．2%、99．5%和99．5%,与中央无形体16s rDNA(Gu064903)序列一致,同源性为99．2%。结论新疆和硕地区荒漠景观中存在人嗜吞噬细胞无形体与中央无形体的流行,并可能通过亚洲璃眼蜱与短小扇头蜱传播。     

信阳市浉河区2010年人粒细胞无形体病流行病学分析

目的对浉河区人粒细胞无形体病进行流行病学分析,为控制疫情提供依据。方法 2010年共报告52例人粒细胞无形体病。开展流行病学调查并对其中的13例进行实验室检测。结果感染途径以蜱叮咬传播为主,占13.46%;35～79岁者占发病的88.46%;病死者多在发病8天内死亡。结论信阳市浉河区人粒细胞无形体病以蜱叮咬传播为主,有蜱接触史,35～79岁人群易感;对疑似病例及早使用抗生素,为避免出现并发症等采取经验性治疗,84.62%的病例痊愈出院。     

天津市主要蜱类及其病原携带调查

目的了解天津市蜱类及其病原携带情况。方法采用人工小时布旗法和犬类体表检视法对全市16个区县199块社区绿地和204只犬类开展蜱类调查;同时7个区县送检社区绿地、家畜和犬类及病人等处采集的蜱。用PCR法分别检测布尼亚病毒、嗜粒细胞无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体和巴尔通体。结果蜱的收集和构成：2011年3-8月在全市8个区县共采集蜱197只,全沟硬蜱58只,占29.4%;长角血蜱139只,占70.6%。蜱密度：人工小时布旗法对全市16个区县199块社区绿地进行调查,蜱密度1.01%。染蜱率：采用犬类体表检视法调查全市16个区县的204只犬类,染蜱率1.47%,总蜱指数0.02。蜱病原携带检测：布尼亚病毒核酸Realtime RT-PCR检测阴性;嗜粒细胞无形体核酸巢氏PCR检测阴性;伯氏疏螺旋体核酸巢式PCR检测阴性;巴尔通体核酸PCR检测阴性。结论全沟硬蜱和长角血蜱是天津市的优势蜱种。今后蜱类防治重点要加强环境治理,清除杂草;同时城市中宠物狗携带蜱尤其需引起重视。有必要对蜱等生物媒介宿主动物及其病原体进行更深入的生态与分子流行病学研究。     

东北部分地区蜱携带几种病原立克次体的分子检测

目的为了解东北地区蜱中携带立克次体的情况。方法应用人工小时布旗法采集东北部分地区不同生境的游离蜱,采用PCR作斑点热立克次体、查菲埃立克体、人粒细胞无形体DNA检测。结果从东北地区全沟硬蜱和森林革蜱检出查菲埃立克体DNA,全沟硬蜱平均阳性率为3.29%,森林革蜱为1.88%;从全沟硬蜱检出人粒细胞无形体DNA,平均阳性率为2.98%;从嗜群血蜱检出斑点热立克次体DNA,其平均阳性率(6.67%)明显高于全沟硬蜱(1.69%)和森林革蜱(2.36%)。结论东北地区全沟硬蜱和森林革蜱可能是查菲埃立克体、人粒细胞无形体的主要携带媒介,嗜群血蜱主要携带斑点热立克次体,提示东北地区存在三种蜱媒立克次体病的自然疫源地。     

豫南地区蜱类分布及蜱媒病原体调查与分析

摘要:目的　探讨豫南地区蜱虫分布特点,蜱媒病原体类型及流行性特征。方法　采用布旗法、体表检蜱法采集不同环境中蜱虫,采用PCR方法对蜱媒病原体的感染情况进行流行病学调查研究。结果　3-10月份采集蜱虫730只,分2属3种,其中长角血蜱占80.71%,为当地优势蜱种;蜱虫分布呈季节性消长;经PCR扩增出2种蜱媒病原体的特异性DNA片段,比对显示与发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒（SFTSV）、嗜吞噬细胞无形体有高度同源性;SFTSV阳性率为4.90%;嗜吞噬细胞无形体阳性率为2.49%。结论　豫南地区蜱虫分布有生态及季节性规律,蜱中携带SFTSV、人粒细胞无形体病的病原体,是造成人发热伴血小板减少综合征、无形体病的主要原因,应加强疫区防控措施。     

莱州市1例人粒细胞无形体病病例调查

[目的]摸清人粒细胞无形体病的发病特点和流行特征。[方法]2010年9月,对莱州市1例血清人粒细胞无形体核酸阳性病例及其居住环境、该村家畜养殖及蜱虫孳生情况进行调查。[结果]患者于2010年8月11日发病,8月13日住院治疗,按照人粒细胞无形体疑似病例采集相关标本送检,给予多西环素等经验性治疗,病情好转出院。9月8日山东省疾病预防控制中心报告患者血清人粒细胞无形体病核酸阳性。调查时在患者所住村庄的狗、羊、牛身上及草丛中均有蜱虫发现。患者发病前无蜱叮咬史。[结论]这是一例人粒细胞无形体确诊病例。     

黑龙江密山口岸三种蜱媒传染病在媒介蜱中复合感染的调查

目的调查黑龙江密山口岸三种蜱媒传染病在媒介蜱中复合感染的情况。方法采集蜱类标本44份,建立伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi)、斑点热群立克次体(spotted fever group rickettsia)、嗜吞噬细胞无形体(anaplasma phagocytophilum)三种新发蜱传疾病病原体特异性通用引物,利用PCR方法对所有标本进行特异性片段扩增,对阳性标本测序并进行序列分析。结果在所检测的44份标本中,共检测出伯氏疏螺旋体阳性标本4份,斑点热群立克次体阳性标本6份,嗜吞噬细胞无形体阳性标本2份,感染率分别为13.63%、9.10%和4.55%。在全沟硬蜱检测到两份分别是莱姆病螺旋体与斑点热群立克次体及嗜吞噬细胞无形体和斑点热群立克次体的复合感染,复合感染率为4.55%。结论黑龙江密山地区至少存在两种莱姆病螺旋体(Borrelia garinii,Borrelia afzelii),三种斑点热群立克次体(Rickettsia raoultii,Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae,Rickettsia heilongjiangensis),和嗜吞噬细胞无形体(anaplasma phagocytophilum);全沟硬蜱存在复合感染。     

鼠类携带汉坦病毒的核酸检测及核酸序列分析

目的 研究国境口岸地区鼠类自然携带汉坦病毒( Hantavirus,HV)状况,为国境口岸地区鼠类防治及肾综合征出血热疫情控制提供基础数据.方法 利用分子生物学技术,通过对采集于口岸地区的鼠类样品的核酸(RNA)提取、逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、凝胶电泳分析以及核酸序列分析等过程,对口岸地区鼠类携带汉坦病毒的状...     

2010-2011无年形我体国的东感北染林情区况蜱调中查嗜吞噬细胞

目的调查我国东北林区蜱标本中嗜吞噬细胞无形体的感染情况。方法2010-2011年在东北林区采集蜱标本,用聚合酶链反应方法扩增gltA基因片段,分析东北林区蜱中无形体的感染情况,代表阳性片段联用长片段16S rRNA进行扩增测序确认;并将所得序列与GenBank中已注册的序列进行比对分析。结果共检测蜱2293只,其中2010年1161只,阳性率4.91%,2011年1132只,阳性率4.24%,2年的感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.373,P=0.830;χ2=1.789,P=0.409)。全沟硬蜱阳性率4.86%(91/1872),长角血蜱为3.41%(14/411),森林革蜱为0(0/10),3个蜱种的感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。测得的gltA序列中,NE-gltA-1与Hc346株(GenBank:GU935788)最相似,仅差2 bp,相似性99%;NE-gltA-2与MDJ-Ip92株(HQ396224)序列一致,相似性100%。与2个序列相似性最远的是ZJ-HGA-72株(DQ458811),相差53 bp,相似性84%。测得的16S rRNA序列与我国从东北鼠源分离株China-C-T(tGQ412339)最接近,相似性为99%,与Florida株(AF309867)相似性最远,相似性97%。结论我国东北林区蜱中普遍存在嗜吞噬细胞无形体的感染,全沟硬蜱和长角血蜱可能为无形体的媒介宿主。     

Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum DNA in Ixodes ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Madeira Island and Setubal District, mainland Portugal

A total of 278 Ixodes ticks, collected from Madeira Island and Setubal District, mainland Portugal, were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Six (4%) of 142 Ixodes ricinus nymphs collected in Madeira Island and 1 nymph and 1 male (2%) of 93 I. ventalloi collected in Setubal District tested positive for A. phagocytophilum msp2 genes or rrs. Infection was not detected among 43 I. ricinus on mainland Portugal. All PCR products were confirmed by nucleotide sequencing to be identical or to be most closely related to A. phagocytophilum. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of A. phagocytophilum in ticks from Setubal District, mainland Portugal, and the first documentation of Anaplasma infection in I. ventalloi. Moreover, these findings confirm the persistence of A. phagocytophilum in Madeira Island's I. ricinus.     

一组长角血蜱中检出莱姆病螺旋体和斑点热群立克次体复合感染

目的 了解浙江省山区野生动物和蜱中莱姆病、斑点热、埃立克体病(无形体病)的感染情况.方法 采用巢式PCR对采集的鼠、蜱标本进行莱姆病伯氏疏螺旋体、斑点热群立克次体、埃立克体(无形体)特异性核酸片段检测分析.结果 从121份鼠标本和105组蜱标本中检出阳性结果 14份.鼠标本中检出伯氏疏螺旋体5S～23S rDNA间隔区片段1份和埃立克体(无形体)16SrDNA 5'端片段2份.蜱标本中检出阳性11份,包括伯氏疏螺旋体5S～23S rDNA间隔区片段3份和斑点热群立克次体外膜蛋白OmpA基因5'端片段8份.其中1组长角血蜱成虫标本为伯氏疏螺旋体和斑点热群立克次体复合感染,5S～23S rRNA基因间隔区和ompA基因片段均阳性,分别与伯氏疏螺旋体法雷氏基因型和马赛立克次体株等关系较近.结论 在同一组长角血蜱成虫中同时检出莱姆病疏螺旋体和斑点热群立克次体复合感染.     

东北林区鼠类粒细胞埃立克体感染的调查

目的了解东北林区啮齿动物感染粒细胞埃立克体病原体的情况。方法运用聚合酶链反应方法对吉林、黑龙江、内蒙古林区采集的啮齿动物标本粒细胞埃立克体的16S rRNA和gltA基因片段进行检测并测序,将所测序列与GenBank中注册的基因序列进行比较分析。结果共检测鼠标本276份,其中吉林长白山林区102份,黑龙江小兴安岭林区61份,内蒙古大兴安岭林区113份,阳性率分别为8.82%、1.64%及0.00%。体表有寄生蜱的鼠感染危险性是体表无寄生蜱鼠的11.30倍(P=0.002)。吉林、黑龙江林区鼠标本及其寄生蜱标本16S rRNA基因序列完全相同,与美国、瑞典、日本等国家检出的粒细胞埃立克体对应序列的同源性为97%-99%。gltA基因核苷酸序列与GenBank注册的相应片段比较相似性为87%-97%,推导的氨基酸序列相似性为84%-99%。结论吉林及黑龙江林区存在粒细胞埃立克体宿主动物感染。     

Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, and Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes scapularis, southern coastal Maine

Ixodes scapularis (deer ticks) from Maine were tested for multiple infections by polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. In 1995, 29.5%, 9.5%, and 1.9% of deer ticks were infected with Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Babesia microti, respectively. In 1996 and 1997, the number of A. phagocytophilum-infected ticks markedly declined. In 1995 through 1996, 4 (1.3%) of 301 were co-infected.     

An epidemiological survey of equine anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum) in southern France

Anaplasmosis is caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum and transmitted by Ixodes spp. ticks. According to some reports the disease can be introduced into disease-free zones by migrating birds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of A. phagocytophilum in horses in the Camargue. Data concerning 424 horses were gathered and the sera were tested for A. phagocytophilum and for piroplasmoses using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a complement fixation test, respectively. The seroprevalence rates were 11.3 % for A. phagocytophilum, 64.4 % for Theileria equi and 19.7% for Babesia caballi. Stallions were less likely to produce antibodies against A. phagocytophilumthan were females or geldings (odds ratio [OR] = 0.3; p = 0.021). The presence of swallows increased the risk of infections in stables (OR = 5.18; p = 0.011). Spatial analysis showed the existence of groups of infected stables along canals and rivers (p = 0.008). These results suggest an emergence of A. phagocytophilum in the Camargue.     

河南商城地区蜱媒传染病的相关调查

目的 了解河南商城地区可能存在的蜱媒传染病的感染情况.方法 通过现场调查和实验室检测相结合的方法,对该地区病例、媒介蜱和宿主动物进行了调查.对43例病例的临床表现和实验室检测进行回顾性分析.用PCR和序列测定方法对媒介蜱和啮齿类宿主动物样本中查菲埃立克体、无形体、Q热立克次体的感染进行检测.结果 病例临床表现以发热伴白...     

Molecular evidence for Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Israel

Sequences from the Anaplasma phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene were detected in 5 ticks representing 3 species (Hyalomma marginatum, Rhipicephalus turanicus, and Boophilus kohlsi) collected from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in Mount Carmel, Israel. The sequences were all identical to those of Ap-variant 1 strain.     

Tick species and tick-borne infections identified in population from a rural area of Spain

To determine the tick species that bite humans in the province of Soria (Spain) and ascertain the tick-borne pathogens that threaten people's health in that province, 185 tick specimens were collected from 179 patients who sought medical advice at health-care centres. The ticks were identified, and their DNA examined by PCR for pathogens. Most ticks were collected in autumn and spring (59 and 57 respectively). Nine species of ticks were identified, the most frequent being Dermacentor marginatus (55.7%), Ixodes ricinus (12.4%) and Rhipicephalus bursa (11.9%). Ninety-seven females, 66 males, 21 nymphs and one larva were identified. Twenty-six ticks carried DNA from Rickettsia spp. (11 Rickettsia slovaca, 6 Rickettsia spp. RpA4/DnS14, 1 Rickettsia massiliae/Bar29, and 8 unidentified); two ticks carried DNA from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and seven ticks harboured DNA from Anaplasma phagocytophilum.     

Survey of tickborne infections in Denmark

We conducted a study of the distribution and prevalence of tickborne infections in Denmark by using roe deer as sentinels. Blood samples from 237 roe deer were collected during the 2002-2003 hunting season. Overall, 36.6% of deer were Borrelia seropositive, while 95.6% were Anaplasma phagocytophilum positive; all animals were negative for Bartonella quintana and B. henselae by indirect immunofluorescence assay. When a hemagglutination-inhibition test was used, 8.7% of deer were found positive for tickborne encephalitis (TBE)-complex virus. A total of 42.6% were found positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for A. phagocytophilum with significant seasonal variation. All were PCR negative for Rickettsia helvetica. PCR and sequencing also showed a novel bacterium in roe deer previously only found in ticks. The study showed that the emerging pathogen A. phagocytophilum is widely distributed and that a marked shift has occurred in the distribution of TBE-complex virus in Denmark. This finding supports studies that predict alterations in distribution due to climatic changes.