血管紧张素和金属硫蛋白对离体灌流大鼠主动脉释放内皮素的影响

本实验在离体灌流的大鼠主动脉模型上,观察了血管紧张素Ⅱ(AGTⅡ)和金属硫蛋白(Metallothionein MT)对内皮素释放的影响。结果发现,应用AGTⅡ(10~(-8)、10~(-7)、10~(-6)mol/L)灌流以剂量依赖地刺激离体主动脉释放内皮素-ir(ET-ir)。而应用MT(10~(-6)、10~(-5)mol/L)灌流,明显抑制AGTⅡ(10~(-7)mol/L)诱发的ET-ir释放。提示内皮素与血管紧张素Ⅱ之间有正相调节关系,金属硫蛋白作为内皮素释放抑制剂,可能有益于对内皮素介导的病理损伤的防治。     

牛磺酸对离体灌流大鼠心脏钙超载的拮抗作用

本文在以10~(-4)mol/L哇巴因、5×10~(-7)mol/L肾上腺素以及10mmol/L高浓度钙通过离体灌流大鼠心脏造成的心肌钙超载模型上,观察到牛磺酸(20 mmol/L)具有抑制心肌组织和线粒体钙聚积、增加心肌ATP含量,减少心肌细胞肌红蛋白滴出的作用。实验结果表明,牛磺酸具有拮抗钙超载的细胞保护作用。     

毛冬青甲素对兔心肌钙离子内外流的影响

本实验用~(45)Ca示踪法研究了毛冬青甲素对兔心肌钙离子内外流的影响。结果发现:毛冬青甲素(10~(-5)mol/L)对心肌钙离子内流具有明显促进作用(P<0.05)。这种作用可被钙拮抗剂硝苯吡啶(1.4×10~(-6)mol/L)所抑制(P<0.05),但不被酚妥拉明或普萘洛尔(均10~(-5)mol/L)所阻滞,提示药物的作用可能和α—或β—肾上腺素能受体无关。同时,药物明显增加心肌细胞内的钙离子外流。研究结果提示,毛冬青甲素所具有的正性肌力作用可能是由于药物加快了细胞钙的转运速率所致。     

梭曼对大鼠中枢M样受体发生直接作用吗?

应用放射配体受体结合试验观察梭曼对[~3H]QNB与大鼠脑组织匀浆和P_2膜制备结合的影响。结果显示,[~3H]QNB与P_2膜制备的结合具有受体与配体结合的典型特征:特异性与饱和性,其K_D=1.03nmol/L,B_(max)=0.16Pmol/mg蛋白,Hill系数~nH=1.0。对于[~3H]QNB与大鼠脑匀浆结合,梭曼在10~(-9)～10~(-7)mol/L浓度时对结合计数有轻度抑制,但没有实际意义,对于[~3H]QNB与大鼠脑组织P_2膜制备结合,梭曼在10~(-13)～10~(-3)mol/L范围内各浓度对结合计数均无明显影响。由此表明,梭曼对放射配体[~3H]QNB与大鼠中枢M-AChR的结合没有竞争抑制作用,从而说明梭曼不与大鼠中枢M-AChR发生直接作用。     

蛋白激酶C激动剂及抑制剂对雪旺氏细胞增殖及表达NGF的影响

目的 :研究蛋白激酶C激动剂PMA及抑制剂H 7对大鼠坐骨神经雪旺氏细胞增殖及表达NGF的影响。方法 :采用双酶法 ,培养大鼠坐骨神经雪旺氏细胞 ,消化传代的雪旺氏细胞加入 10 -11mol/L、10 -10 mol/L、10 -9mol/L、10 -8mol/L、10 -7mol/LPMA及 10 0microMH 7共孵育 3～ 6天后 ,一部分台盼蓝染色计细胞数 ,一部分加入3 H TdR测摄取率 ,一部分固定后采用核酸原位杂交技术 (ISH)测雪旺氏细胞中NGFmRNA表达变化。结果 :不同浓度的PMA使雪旺氏细胞数及3 H TdR摄取率增加与对照组相比差异有显著意义 ,其中 10 -9mol/LPMA使细胞数增加及3 H TdR摄取率达到高峰为最适深度 ,而H 7显著抑制细胞数及3 H TdR摄取率 ,差异有显著意义 ,10 -10 mol/L、10 -9mol/L、10 -8mol/LPMA使雪旺氏细胞NGFmRNA光密度显著增加差异有显著意义 ,而H 7则抑制雪旺氏细胞NGFmRNA表达差异有显著意义。结论 :PKC可能参与了雪旺氏细胞增殖及表达NGFmRNA ,PMA起促进作用而H 7起抑制作用。     

冬凌草甲素对β-肾上腺素受体及腺苷酸环化酶活性的影响

本研究采用放射性配体结合分析法和腺苷酸环化酶(AC)活性测定,观察了冬凌草甲素(Oridonin)对大鼠外周血淋巴细胞β受体的结合作用和北京鸭虹细胞膜中AC活性的影响。结果表明,Oridonin和普萘洛尔(Propranolol)一样能与标记配基竞争与β受体结合,其IC_(50)分别为6.7×10~(-5)mol/L,6.0×10~(-8)mol/L。KI值分别为1.9×10~(-5)mol/L,1.7×10~(-8)mol/L。阻断肾上腺素对膜制剂中AC活性的激动作用,从而证明Oridonin是一种较弱的β受体拮抗剂。     

心钠素对培养兔血管平滑肌细胞钙内流的影响

心钠素(ANP)是心脏分泌的具有利尿利钠降压作用的循环激素,参与体内水电解质平衡的调节,近年发现ANP可影响细胞钙转运,可能参与细胞钙稳态调节,但其机理尚不清楚。 本工作用培养的兔主动脉平滑肌细胞(VSMC)进行实验,分8组:(1)对照组;(2)～(4)ANP组,终浓度分别为 10~(-9)、10~(-8)和10~(-7)mol/L;(5)内皮素(ET)     

葛根素对异丙肾上腺素诱导的心肌细胞肥大及凋亡的影响

\[摘要\]目的利用体外培养的大鼠乳鼠心肌细胞,探讨葛根素(puerarin,Pue)对异丙肾上腺素(isoproterenol,ISO)所致心肌细胞肥大和心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法新生大鼠心肌细胞培养,除对照组外,分别给予ISO(10-5mol/L)、Pue(10-6mol/L)、ISO(10-5mol/L)+Pue(10-6mol/L)、ISO(10-5mol/L)+普萘洛尔(propranolol,Pro, 2×10-6 mol/L),检测培养心肌细胞蛋白质含量、细胞体积、蛋白质的合成及细胞凋亡率。结果和对照组相比,ISO可使心肌细胞总蛋白含量、体积和凋亡率明显增加(P<0.01);Pue可以抑制由于ISO诱导所出现的上述情况,结果与Pro相近。结论Pue能对抗ISO引起的心肌肥大及细胞凋亡,此效应可能是葛根素抑制心肌肥厚发生的保护机制之一。     

Ghrelin对脂肪细胞糖代谢及胰岛素敏感性的影响

目的 观察Ghrelin对3T3-L1脂肪细胞葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素敏感性的影响,并探讨其机制.方法 体外培养3T3-L1前脂肪细胞,诱导分化为成熟的脂肪细胞,然后加入不同浓度Ghrelin作用24 h.采用2-脱氧-(3)~H-D葡萄糖摄入法,测定葡萄糖转运率;RT-PCR检测不同浓度Ghrelin作用24 h后CAPmRNA的表达.结果 10~(-9)mol/L Ghrelin作用24h,对基础状态及胰岛素刺激下,SW872脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取率无影响:10~(-8)-10~(-6)mol/L Ghrelin作用24h使基础状态及胰岛素刺激下SW872脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取率分别增加30%vs 28.6%、42.3% 38.8%、48% vs 48.4%.10~(-9)mol/LGhrelin作用24 h,对脂肪细胞CAP mRNA的表达无影响;随着Ghrelin浓度的增加,可促进CAPmRNA的表达.结论 Ghrelin通过cbl/CAP信号途径促进3T3-L1脂肪细胞葡萄糖的转运,从而增加脂肪细胞胰岛素的敏感性.     

Pravastatin抑制心肌成纤维细胞胶原基因表达及其机制研究

目的探讨pravastatin(Prav)对血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensionⅡ,AngⅡ)诱导的Wistar大鼠心肌成纤维细胞(cardiac fibroblasts,CF)胶原基因表达及其作用机制。方法取1～3日龄Wistar大鼠心室,以酶消化法分离培养大鼠CF。用MTT法测定细胞增殖,RT-PCR方法测定Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原基因(PⅠCP、PCⅢ)表达。将CF分为:(1)空白对照组(A组):不加干预药物;(2)AngⅡ组(B组):AngⅡ10-6 mol/L;(3)Prav+AngⅡ组:在加入AngⅡ10-6 mol/L基础上再分别加入Prav 10-6、10-5、10-4mol/L,分别为C、D、E组;(4)Prav 10-4 mol/L+AngⅡ10-6 mol/L+甲羟戊酸(MVA)10-4 mol/L组(F组);(5)Prav 10-4mol/L+AngⅡ10-6 mol/L+焦磷酸牛龙牛儿基牛龙牛儿酯(GGPP)10-5 mol/L组(G组);(6)Prav 10-4 mol/L+AngⅡ10-6mol/L+焦磷酸法呢酯(FPP)10-5 mol/L组(H组)。结果 Prav呈浓度依赖性的抑制AngⅡ刺激下的CF增殖(P<0.01)。F、G组可完全阻断Prav的抑制作用,与E组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。H组对Prav的作用无影响(P>0.05)。结论 Prav主要通过抑制甲羟戊酸途径减少成纤维细胞增殖和胶原基因的表达,减缓心肌纤维化过程。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.