护理本科生专业认可度与就业前景分析

目的：探讨和分析护理专业本科生对专业认可度、满意度及就业前景评价,为高等护理教育改革提供建议。方法：自行设计调查问卷,对我校2004级、2005级、2006级、2007级和2008级护理专业本科生600名进行调查分析。结果：护理专业本科生对护理及其专业性质的理解尚不够清楚;各年级普遍对专业认可度比较低,年级之间无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。2004级与2005级以及2006级与2007级学生之间对护理专业的满意率无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。2008级与2004级学生之间对护理专业的满意率有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。2008级与2004级、2005级以及2006级与2007级护生之间对护理专业就业前景态度有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论：护理专业本科生对护理教学总体评价较好,对护理就业前景不乐观,学校教育应从多方面进行改进,以提高护理专业学生对专业认可度、满意度及就业前景态度和社会责任意识。     

中专升高职护理专业课程设置的相关研究

目的 比较中专护理和中专直升高职护理专业的课程设置,探讨中专直升高职护理专业课程设置的最佳方案.方法 研究比较现行的中专护理及专科护理的教学计划,并对2001、2002级我校中专直升高职护理的学生进行问卷调查分析.结果 中专护理课程与中专直升高职护理专科的课程设置结构相似,缺乏新意,内容重复,未能体现高护的特色.结论 中专直升高职护理专业应尽快改革课程设置,调整教学内容,使该类学生通过3年的高校学习,真正全面提高素质及业务水平,以满足现代护理工作需求.     

Enhancing baccalaureate student nursing education. Collaboration with occupational health nurses for hands-on experience

Historically, occupational health nursing has been underemphasized in most baccalaureate nursing education programs. Advances in medical technology resulting in higher costs for hospital care, increasing need and support for nursing students, and curriculum emphases on holistic health care are factors pointing to the potential for broader clinical experiences for students outside the traditional hospital setting. One school in Louisiana has found that providing opportunities for occupational health nursing affiliations with students in baccalaureate programs has benefitted practitioners, students, and faculty.     

藏区免费职业教育护生心理健康状况调查研究

目的了解藏区免费职业教育护生心理健康状况,以开展针对性的心理辅导。方法随机抽取藏区免费职业教育学校中的120名护生,采用症状自评量表进行调查。结果藏区免费职业教育护生在条目总均分、躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对、偏执、精神病性因子得分均高于常模(P0.01或P0.05)。藏区免费职业教育1年级护生躯体化、人际关系敏感和敌对因子得分明显高于其他两个年级(P0.01或P0.05);2年级护生抑郁和精神病性因子得分高于其他两个年级(P0.01或P0.05);3年级护生焦虑得分明显高于其他两个年级(P0.05)。结论藏区免费职业教育护生心理健康状况较差,不同年级的藏区免费职业教育护生存在不同的心理健康隐忧,应对藏区免费职业教育护生进行针对性的心理辅导。     

Exploring men's perceived educational experiences in a baccalaureate program

Nursing school is the first place that men are likely to experience nursing in the professional sense. This study explored and documented men's perceptions of their experiences in baccalaureate nursing education. Face-to-face audiotaped interviews were conducted with 13 male nursing students who were in their last semester at three baccalaureate nursing programs. Qualitative methods were used to analyze their responses. The findings showed a lack of enjoyment of nursing school, the importance of career opportunities, frustrating communication differences, and the desire for more male nurse educators. Recommendations for future research include obtaining female students' perspectives on these questions, researching male students from different types of programs, and studying male graduate students to discover why so few become educators.     

The effects of a reminiscence education program on baccalaureate nursing students' cultural self-efficacy in caring for elders

The increase in our minority elder population has created a need to develop innovative programs that prepares students who are competent in gerontological nursing skills and sensitive to cultural differences. The purpose of this pilot study was to test the effects of a reminiscence education program on BSN students' cultural self-efficacy in caring for elders. An interrupted time series design with a nonequivalent, no-treatment control group was used with 64 nursing students recruited from a northeast university in the United States. The intervention consisted of a two-hour reminiscence education program and a 13 week period in which the experimental group implemented integrative reminiscence with elders during their community health practicum. The eldercare cultural self-efficacy scale was the outcome measure. Results indicated that students receiving the reminiscence education program demonstrated significantly higher levels of eldercare cultural self-efficacy F(1, 62)=5.34, p=0.024 than those not receiving the intervention. Reminiscence education programs implemented as part of clinical practicums may assist to increase nursing students' perceptions of confidence in caring for elders. Implications for nursing education and the care of diverse elders are discussed.     

Wired for success: stimulating excitement in nursing through a summer camp

The seriousness of the nursing shortage has been addressed by both the public and professional media. The literature documents substantial support for strategies that focus on increasing the enrollment in nursing education programs and/or sustaining practice environments that contribute to higher nurse retention rates. A nursing camp is an example of an innovative strategy to stimulate excitement in a nursing career, and thus potentially limit the severity of the nursing shortage. The camp helps high school students enhance their discernment about being "wired" for nursing; learn selected basic nursing skills; job shadow; interact with current nursing students and practicing nurses; and develop themselves as educated consumers of information about nursing education programs and financial assistance for college. This article details the development and implementation of a summer residential nursing camp and describes associated outcomes for both the students and the nursing program.     

Nursing students assess nursing education.

This study assessed the characteristics of nursing students currently enrolled in nursing education programs, how students finance their nursing education, their plans for clinical practice and graduate education, and the rewards and difficulties of being a nursing student. Data are from a survey administered to a national sample of 496 nursing students. The students relied on financial aid and personal savings and earnings to finance their education. Parents, institutional scholarships, and government loans are also important sources, but less than 15% of the students took out bank loans. Nearly one quarter of the students, particularly younger and minority students, plan to enroll in graduate school immediately after graduation and most want to become advanced nursing practitioners. Most of the nursing students (88%) are satisfied with their nursing education and nearly all (95%) provided written answers to two open-ended questions. Comments collapsed into three major categories reflecting the rewards (helping others, status, and job security) and three categories reflecting the difficulties (problems with balancing demands, quality of nursing education, and the admissions process) of being a nursing student. Implications for public policymaking center on expanding the capacity of nursing education programs, whereas schools themselves should focus on addressing the financial needs of students, helping them strike a balance among their school, work, and personal/family responsibilities and modifying certain aspects of the curriculum.     

Nursing students' perceptions about clinical learning environment in Turkey

Clinical education has a vital role in nursing curriculum. Clinical education environment can be enhanced by feedbacks provided by students. The purpose of this research was to search factors that affect the clinical learning environment. A qualitative approach was used. 36 nursing students were recruited from school of nursing in Turkey. It was found that students are negatively affected by communication errors and feedbacks given in the presence of patients by instructors. The constant presence of instructors may be the source of stress for some students. Besides peer support and favourable communication with peers have a positive impact on student learning. Communication with hospital staff and instructors are important. The study revealed that student learning is affected by the level of confidence and support displayed by patients. In order to ensure the most favourable learning environment for students, it is essential that cooperation should be increased between school staff and clinical staff, instructor skills should be developed, and students should be supported in the clinical environment.     

中专护生对护士职业素质认知情况的调查分析

[目的]了解中专护生群体职业素质认知的现状,为其职业素质教育提供依据。[方法]采用职业素质认知问卷对某护校1011名中专护生进行护士职业素质认知情况的调查。[结果]大部分中专护生都认为职业素质很重要,其中女生的职业素质认知水平要比男生,三年级中专护生的职业素质认知水平低于一年级、二年级。[结论]中专护生中女生的职业素质认知程度高于男生。一年级、二年级护生职业素质认知程度高于三年级。因此在今后的教育中要针对性地加强男生的职业素质认知水平,针对三年级的学生加强职业素质认识方面的教育。     

The Financial Distress of Higher Education: Impact on Nursing

Until recently, serious financial problems were of limited concern to nursing education. With generous program and student aid from government sources, nursing education has not felt the same kind of severe financial distress that has afflicted the rest of higher education (Gonyea,1978). Unfortunately this state of affairs is changing. Funding of such programs is an expensive proposition for colleges and universities, and some institutions of higher education have begun to question the feasibility of continuing to fund their nursing programs (Allen & Gray,1975). Additionally, as supply and demand gaps in nursing manpower have narrowed, there is less incentive for the government to underwrite the costs of nursing education.
It is expected that tuition costs to nursing students will continue to escalate. Job opportunities for graduates will be less attractive and fewer in number than previously. Fewer women in the future are likely to select nursing as their career field. Small nursing education programs will be unable to sustain the very high costs of educating students and will likely cease to exist. Nursing education programs within colleges and universities will very likely compete less successfully with other institutional programs than they have in the past for the limited dollars.
As in all of higher education, nursing education will increasingly be held accountable for its costs, costs that will only increase in the coming decade. It will be asked to do more with far fewer resources, in terms of dollars, numbers of students, and numbers of programs. Should this trend continue, the profession may well be confronted in 20 to 30 years with another critical shortage of nurses across the nation.     

Community learning: the Reach for Health Nursing Program-Middle School Collaboration.

Nursing faculty and students have a vital role to play in promoting adolescent health at the community level. However, few nursing education programs have developed programs which provide nursing students with the skills and hands-on experiences they need to work with adolescents in community settings. A successful model for integrating community-based adolescent health promotion into nursing education is described in this article. Developed by nursing faculty from Medgar Evers College Department of Nursing, teachers and staff from a large middle school in Brooklyn, New York serving economically disadvantaged Black and Hispanic youth, and Education Development Center, Inc., the Reach for Health (RFH) Nursing Program-Middle School Collaboration has two mutually reinforcing components: (a) classroom-based health instruction taught by teachers with assistance from nursing students and faculty, and (b) community youth service in which middle school students spend approximately 3 hours per week providing assistance in health-related facilities under the guidance of nursing faculty and student nurse mentors. As part of an evaluation study, the authors conducted focus groups with nursing students involved in this program and administered an identical survey before and after intervention to assess potential benefits of participation. Compared to a control group of nursing students, those who participated in the RFH program reported increased skills and comfort working in school and community settings and with young adolescents, their teachers, and their parents. An example of other benefits was a greater understanding of the health and developmental needs of adolescents. At the same time they provided a service to the community, nursing students gained the skills and experience needed to be effective in community health promotion efforts.     

Implementation of an intraoperative clinical experience for senior level baccalaureate nursing students

Perioperative nursing is a specialty that has been eliminated from many nursing education programs. With the loss of perioperative clinical experiences, the number of students pursuing a career in perioperative nursing after graduation has declined. A faculty member at one Midwestern school of nursing developed and implemented a perioperative clinical experience for senior-level baccalaureate nursing students in a critical care nursing course. This program, developed with the assistance of four local hospitals and the college of nursing, included an eight-hour OR orientation and 56 clinical hours. Students were placed in the OR under preceptor guidance and supervision. Feedback from evaluations was positive and provided recommendations for improving the program, in particular, to allow more clinical hours and more hands-on experience for the students.     

Health education: an important role for school nurses.

Health education is an important, yet challenging and time-consuming, nursing intervention. It is one of the most important tools school nurses have in teaching students, families, and staff about health. To be effective health educators, nurses need skills in planning and implementing attractive and effective programs to students. They also need to develop skills in evaluating the effectiveness of their efforts to emphasize the impact school nursing can have on the health of children. This editorial highlights the school nurse's role in health education in schools and gives a brief overview of the health education process. Health education provides many opportunities for school nurses to reach out in new and creative ways to students in their quest to promote health and success in the school environment.     

Equity and diversity in nursing education

Retention and development of ethnically diverse nursing students may be more likely to occur when nursing faculty receive training on factors that can impact academic success. By understanding complex school system dynamics in low-income areas, cultural, linguistic, gender, age, religion, and ethnic differences, students’ strengths can be readily recognized, embraced, and encouraged by nursing faculty. When the necessity of equity and diversity is recognized within nursing education, this may potentially translate to retention and completion of nursing programs by nursing students from diverse backgrounds, thereby increasing diversity within the nursing profession.     

中等职业学校护理专业学生主观幸福感调查研究

目的了解中等职业学校护理专业学生的主观幸福感现状,为中等职业学校护理专业学生的心理健康教育提供依据。方法采用主观幸福感问卷对中等职业学校的293名护理专业学生进行调查。结果中等职业学校护生主观幸福感偏低,3个分量表得分从高到低依次为消极情感、积极情感、整体生活满意度。整体生活满意度得分女生高于男生(P0.01),其他方面与男生比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。除一、二年级护生消极情感得分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)外,其他年级之间比较差异均具有统计学意义(P0.01或P0.05),且二、三年级护生主观幸福感总分均低于一年级护生(P0.01或P0.05)。结论中等职业学校应采取措施提高护理专业学生的主观幸福感,尤其应关注护理专业男生、二年级和三年级的护生,从而促进其心理健康发展。     

基于护理安全教育的基础护理学课程教学改革研究

目的探索以护理安全教育为基础的高职高专基础护理学课程教学改革。方法将2010级406名大专生为对照组,2011级416名大专生为试验组。对照组采用病案导入、角色扮演、情境教学等传统教学方法;试验组根据各章节内容选择相关的医疗纠纷或差错事故案例进行讲解,课后进行情境模拟学生法庭,并要求学生书写反思日记等多元化教学方法进行教学。课程结束后,比较两组学生的理论和技能成绩以及实习期间护理安全知识掌握情况。结果试验组学生的理论和技能成绩及实习期间护理安全知识均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论将护理安全教育融入基础护理学课程教学中,不仅有助于提高学生的基础护理知识和实践操作能力,而且有利于学生护理安全意识和行为的养成。     

Professional socialization of baccalaureate nursing students: can students in distance nursing programs become socialized?

Distance education programs may have difficulty socializing nursing students due to limited face-to-face student-faculty interaction. Socialized attitudes toward the nursing profession were assessed using two measures with three groups--senior BSN students enrolled at campus-based programs, senior BSN students enrolled in distance programs, and non-nursing students. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether nursing students enrolled in distance programs had professional socialization outcomes comparable to nursing students enrolled in campus-based programs, and to examine the psychometric properties of two popular measures of professional socialization. Results indicated that students in the distance programs had higher scores than the campus-based nursing students, who, in turn, had higher scores than non-nursing students. A statistical interaction of RN status by program type indicated that health care experience was a critical factor in the socialization process. Of the two socialization measures examined, one had acceptable psychometric properties. These data suggest that health care and preceptorship experiences are important determinants of professional socialization and that students who opt for distance nursing programs graduate with socialization outcomes that are at least comparable to those of students who attend traditional programs.     

School nursing in an underserved multiethnic Asian community: experiences and outcomes

Based on an Asian faculty's previous work, University of South Alabama College of Nursing conducted a project targeting the Asian population in Bayou La Batre, Alabama. The Helene Fuld Health Trust, HSBC, Trustee funded the project to demonstrate effective models for involving nursing students and faculty members in community-based practice. This project provided health services and developed educational programs for this underserved population. To facilitate entry into the Asian community, the College established clinical sites at 2 schools in Bayou La Batre that had the highest concentration of Asians in Mobile County's public school system. The purpose of the project was to develop a new curriculum, to involve nursing students in community-based practice, and to provide health care services in the community. The health services, educational programs, and community instructional activities generated substantial outcomes for the targeted population as well as nursing students. Nursing students learned to assess aggregates, plan, and evaluate interventions. The learning outcomes of the nursing students were evaluated using objectives developed in accordance with Bloom's (1956) Taxonomy. The project not only complemented and expanded existing school health services and programs but also filled the void in some health service and program areas. Preliminary evaluation of the project revealed overwhelmingly positive feedback from both the nursing students and Bayou La Batre school teachers. This article also explores the implications of the newly issued "National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health Care" for nursing education in the contexts of the Census 2000 and the megatrend of globalization.