我国成功研制出“胶囊内窥镜”

长期以来,检查消化系统疾病如胃溃疡、肠炎等内科疾病,通常使用推进式内窥镜,给患者带来生理痛苦、心理恐惧,还可能引起交叉感染和出血等,同时小肠成了检查的“盲区”。如今,只要你吞服一粒如感冒颗粒大小的“胶囊内窥镜”,便可以知晓消化系统是否患有疾病。由重庆金山科技集团经过3年科技攻关研制而成的“胶囊内窥镜”系统为国家863计划项目,由智能胶囊、图像记录仪和影像工作站组成。其工作原理是:病人口服如感冒胶囊大小的智能胶囊,借助消化道     

无线胶囊内窥镜的研究进展和讨论

本文介绍了无线胶囊内窥镜的国内外研究进展,详细分析了无线胶囊内窥镜的组成结构和工作原理,深入探讨了目前无线胶囊内窥镜研发和应用过程中存在的多种问题,并针对问题提出了相应的解决办法和思路。     

胶囊内窥镜的研究进展

本文介绍了胶囊内窥镜的国内外研究进展,详细分析了无线胶囊内窥镜的组成结构和工作原理,深入探讨了目前无线胶囊内窥镜研发和应用过程中存在的多种问题,并针对问题提出了相应的解决办法和思路。     

无线胶囊式小肠内窥镜技术进展

本文简介了无线胶囊式内窥镜系统中的关键技术及进展,并着重介绍了M2A无线胶囊式内窥镜和NORIKA无线胶囊式内窥镜的技术构成.     

外磁场驱动无线胶囊式内窥镜的电路设计与操作

目的：利用外磁场驱动无线胶囊式内窥镜,可以使患者吞服的无线肠胃内窥镜在医生的控制下做多自由度的移动,使内窥镜的摄像头直接在可疑区域做有针对性的检查,大大增加了检查的成功率。方法：依靠3组线圈产生的磁场可以对处在任意位置、任意方向的附带有磁性材料的无线胶囊式内窥镜产生作用力。通过改变线圈内电流的大小和方向,操控胶囊内窥镜在人体内的位置以及指向。结果：设计出简单的操作装置,实现线圈的操作,进而实现对无线胶囊式内窥镜的控制。结论：外磁场驱动的无线胶囊式内窥镜减小了内窥镜的整体体积和质量,减轻了肠胃检查时的痛苦,缩短了医生的检查时间,使医生控制其移动更为容易和灵活。     

胶囊内镜:胃肠道的“巡警”

‘84岁的徐老太太在医生指导下吞服了一颗特别的胶囊。胶囊一进入体内,就开始沿着胃肠道“旅行”,并“咔嚓、咔嚓”地自动照相。几小时后,拍照的结果就到了医生手中。这是目前我国引进的世界上最先进的微型消化道内窥镜技术。’     

磁导航胶囊内窥镜胃检查系统

德国西门子医疗和日本奥林巴斯医疗合作研制成功磁导航胶囊内窥镜（MGCE）胃内检查系统,包括胶囊内镜、磁铁导航系统、图像处理和信息导航系统。检查时让病人吞下一个胶囊型内窥镜并通过磁导航完成胃部检查,检查时病人的胃将充满水,为胶囊内窥镜的检查扩充视野,以进行舒适导航。     

消化道内窥镜的发展及趋势

介绍了消化道内窥镜的发展现状,呈现了消化道内窥镜的整个发展历程,重点介绍了胶囊内窥镜的国内外发展现状,通过分析其存在的主要技术问题,对胶囊内窥镜的技术发展进行了展望,并给出了消化道内窥镜的发展趋势.     

内窥镜热探头止血法

日本奥林派斯公司根据Protell提出的电热凝固蛋白的消化道止血法,开发研制了内窥镜热探头装置(HPU)。该装置由探头、主机和脚踏开关组成。探头通过内窥镜钳道可进入上消化道接触病变部位并加热止血。探     

胶囊内窥镜成像技术专利分析

本文对胶囊内窥镜的成像技术所涉及的三个方面,即图像采集、无线通信和图像处理的主要申请人和申请两趋势进行了分析,并分析了奥林巴斯和基文两家公司在图像处理技术上不同的研发脉络,总结了胶囊内窥镜图像处理技术中研发方向。     

Evaluation of diagnostic yield and clinical impact of capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The major indication of small bowel capsule endoscopy is the diagnostics of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. The present retrospective study was aimed to analyze the diagnostic yield, positive and negative predictive values and clinical impact of capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During a 36 month period at two workplaces 66 capsule endoscopy studies were performed in 62 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding who had undergone non-diagnostic upper endoscopy and colonoscopy. Capsule video recordings were evaluated by two investigators at both workplaces. Capsule endoscopy findings were divided into 3 groups according to the bleeding source: definitive bleeding source (48 patients), uncertain bleeding potential (5 patients), and negative finding (8 patient). Patients after capsule endoscopy were followed-up until a mean of 20 (1-41) months. RESULTS: A definitive small bowel bleeding source was detected in 78.7% of the cases studied by capsule endoscopy. Definitive bleeding sources included angiodysplasia (28 cases), small bowel Crohn's disease (5 cases), small bowel tumor (5 cases), small bowel stenosis (2 cases), NSAID therapy related ulcer (1 case), non-specific inflammation (1 case) and helminthiasis (1 case) respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of capsule endoscopy studies were 95.8% and 84.6% respectively. In cases with definitive bleeding sources 72% of patients received therapy in accordance with capsule endoscopy findings (surgery in 18 patients, medical treatment modification in 16 patients, chemoembolisation in 1 patient). During the follow-up period 17.7% of the patients had rebleeding. CONCLUSIONS: Capsule endoscopy is a useful and effective diagnostic method in cases with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Effective therapy may be introduced in accordance with the majority of positive capsule endoscopy results.     

外磁场驱动无线胶囊式内窥镜的动力学模型

目的：建立外磁场驱动无线胶囊式内窥镜驱动力的动力学模型,并对模型进行仿真与实验。方法：磁场随线圈组中电流大小以及方向的改变而改变,利用磁场的改变控制无线胶囊式内窥镜的运动。结果：开发了OV7930外围电路PCB,并按设计组装成磁控无线胶囊式内窥镜胶囊。结论：实验中采集到清晰的图像,证明了该模型设计的可行性。     

Wireless capsule endoscopy and its role in gastroenterology: our results and a review of the literature

INTRODUCTION: Since its recent introduction, capsule endoscopy has revolutionized the diagnostics of diseases of the small bowel. The number of studies on the use of this method is constantly increasing. Along with this, our knowledge about the usability and diagnostic power of capsule endoscopy is growing and the indications for this technique are getting progressively more accurate. AIMS: To study the usability of capsule endoscopy in suspected Crohn's disease, in gastrointestinal bleeding of small bowel origin, and in undetermined abdominal complains. METHOD: Capsule endoscopy was performed in 20, previously examined, carefully selected patients. RESULTS: Positive findings were recorded in all patients with gastrointestinal bleeding and in 3/4 of patients with suspected Crohn's disease. However, in patients with indeterminate abdominal complains, the capsule endoscopy proved to be inefficient. CONCLUSION: In the study below, based on their own experience, the authors try to provide an overall picture of capsule endoscopy by reviewing contemporary medical literature. The usability of the capsule endoscopy in suspected Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal bleeding of small bowel origin is suggested by the results of the study.     

Pillcam SB胶囊内镜对小肠疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨Pillcam SB胶囊内镜对小肠疾病的诊断价值。方法选择2012年12月²014年6月期间接受胶囊内镜检查的54例受检者为研究对象(胶囊内镜组)。受检者在胶囊内镜排出体外后,有32例受检者愿意再行全消化道造影检查(传统检查组)。疑诊小肠疾病者46例(疑诊小肠疾病组),无症状人群8例(无症状人群组)。54例受检者中20例检查前一周有肉眼可见的血便(急性显性出血组),14例受检者症状主要为黑便或反复大便潜血阳性(慢性隐性出血组)。统计检查成功率、病变检出率、诊断阳性率等指标。结果胶囊内镜在小肠运行时间为(317.97±18.21)min,工作时间为(494.97±26.19)min。胶囊内镜组检出病变以小肠粘膜多发糜烂、小肠肿瘤、小肠淋巴滤泡增生症为主,两组未见病变分别为14、27例。胶囊内镜组检出率和诊断阳性率均明显高于传统检查组(p<0.01)。疑诊小肠疾病组和无症状人群组两组检查成功率、回盲部通过率、病变检出率比较均无统计学差异(p>0.05)。急性显性出血组和慢性隐形出血组两组检查成功率、回盲部通过率、病变检出率、诊断阳性率比较均无统计学差异(p>0.05)。所有受检者检查中未出现并发症。胶囊滞留率为0%。结论 Pill Cam SB胶囊内镜检查小肠疾病无创、安全性高,具有较高的病变检出率和诊断阳性率,对小肠疾病具有较高的诊断价值。     

胶囊内镜适应症的初步探讨

【目的】评价胶囊内镜对不同症状和消化道不同部位的临床诊断价值。【方法】于2010年8月-2011年8月期间,对53例患者进行了胶囊内镜检查。将受检者分为不明原因的消化道出血、疑为功能性胃肠病、腹痛腹泻腹胀、便秘、体检等共5组。【结果】1例因吞服胶囊后无图像信号,1例因个人原因吞咽胶囊失败,其余51例均顺利到达结肠,胶囊内镜小肠病变总的诊断率为92.15%(47/51);空肠及回肠阳性诊断率为52.94%【结论】胶囊内镜是一种非侵入性的检查手段,检查安全,顺应性好,诊断价值也较高。     

胶囊内镜的临床应用评价

胶囊内镜已广泛应用于临床,进行小肠疾病的诊断,对小肠常见病症：隐匿性小肠出血、炎性肠病、小肠肿瘤等具有良好的诊断能力。本文重点分析了胶囊内镜的诊断性能,对小肠出血、肿瘤等病症的诊断价值,健康人群胶囊内镜的筛查意义,以及肠道准备对胶囊内镜的影响。     

Identification of a Meckel's diverticulum bleeding by urgent capsule endoscopy

A 10 year-old patient was admitted to our hospital due to severe gastrointestinal bleeding. His symptoms included hematochezia and fainting. Neither emergency upper endoscopy nor colonoscopy had identified the site of bleeding. During the colonoscopy they noticed that fresh blood entered the cecum from the ileum. An urgent capsule endoscopy was performed 8 hours after the patient admission. They placed the capsule with specific endoscopic technique into the proximal duodenum under general anesthesia. During 3,5 hours by the small bowel passage the capsule moved to the ileum and a focal bleeding lesion was detected at this site, suggesting the typical picture of bleeding Meckel's diverticulum. The patient was transfused by 1 unit of blood, with a minimum haemoglobin level 95 g/l. By surgery the ulcerated Meckel's diverticulum was identified and resected. Histopathology showed ectopic gastric mucosa. Surgical resection of the diverticulum resulted complete healing of this patient. The capsule endoscopy diagnosis was prompt, precise, and the all examinations were carried out within 24 hours. Involving urgent small bowel capsule endoscopy into the diagnostic workup of the obscure bleeding patient could considerably shorten the time to achieve a correct diagnosis and allowed the early institution of definitive treatment. By this one could spare a great number of costly alternative investigations with low diagnostic yield.     

基于极低功耗数模混合集成电路芯片的智能型胶囊式内窥镜检查系统的研制

目的：研制开发基于极低功耗数模混合集成电路芯片的新型智能胶囊式内窥镜检查系统,并对整个系统进行详细分析。方法：系统采用自行设计的极低功耗数模混合集成电路芯片,使捕获图像的最大分辨率和最高图像传输速率大幅提升。结果：该系统进一步缩小了胶囊式内窥镜的体积,延长了工作时间;其捕获图像的最大分辨率达到480×480像素,最高图像传输速率可达12帧/s。结论：新型智能胶囊式内窥镜检查系统实现了更小体积、更长工作时间、更高分辨率以及更快传输速率等设计目标,且安全性高,依从性好,应用前景广阔。     

Screening and surveillance for hereditary polyposis and non-polyposis syndromes with capsule endoscopy

The hereditary polyposis syndromes and non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma have been considered as scarcely occurring but inheritable dominant autosomal syndromes. The increasing risk of small bowel carcinoma and prevention of obstruction and intussusception have been making frequent and acute surgical interventions unavoidably led to the necessity of screening and surveillance the patients. Earlier the diagnosis of these symptoms was difficult to establish because traditional radiological methods have a low yield for small polyps. Furthermore, small bowel is only partially accessible with traditional endoscopic techniques such as upper endoscopy, colonoscopy and push-enteroscopy. The "wireless" capsule endoscopy has opened the way then for the non-invasive and painless test of the entire small intestine. - Test results have been cumulated to justify the efficiency and safety of capsule endoscopy concerning the syndromes above. This method can be applied safely even consequently to repeatedly performed surgical interventions by low risk of capsule retention. As the results compared of the diagnosed familial adenomatous polyposis and of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome reflect on capsule endoscopy, its diagnostic sensitiveness is stated as significantly higher than the Barium-contrast X-Ray and MR-enterography. Nevertheless, determination of size and location of polyps has become more problematic when evaluating the test results.