卡氮芥脂质体对鼠C6胶质细胞瘤内化疗的研究

目的：研究卡氮芥脂质体（ＢＬ）对鼠Ｃ６胶质细胞瘤的化疗作用。方法：３０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠做实验动物,Ｃ６胶质细胞脑内移植建立Ｃ６胶质瘤模型、卡氮芥脂体肿瘤内注射,观察化疗作用。结果：ＢＬ组与氯乙亚硝脲（ＢＣＮＵ）组存活期在统计学差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＢＬ组与空白对照组存在显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＢＣＮＵ组与空白组存在显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论：ＢＬ脑肿瘤内注射,控制ＢＣＮＵ的释放,提高Ｂ     

亚甲蓝与BCNU抗大鼠C6胶质细胞瘤协同作用的研究

目的:研究亚甲蓝(MB)对大鼠脑胶质瘤C6的增殖抑制及与化疗药物1,3-双(2-氯乙基)-1-亚硝基脲(BCNU)的协同抗肿瘤作用.方法:用MTT比色法测定MB对C6细胞的抑制作用,观察MB和BCNU对Wistar大鼠C6胶质瘤模型的治疗效果.结果:MB对C6细胞的增殖具有明显的浓度依赖性抑制作用;MB、BCNU联合应用与BCNU的单独应用对C6大鼠肿瘤模型的作用有明显差别(P＜0.01).结论:MB对C6细胞的增殖具有抑制作用,与BCNU具有协同的抗胶质细胞瘤作用.     

变压联合化疗24例脑胶质瘤病人初步观察

目的 :为探索出一种实用而有效的化疗方案 ,以提高胶质瘤的疗效。方法 :联合应用卡氮芥 (BCNU)、威猛 (Vm -2 6 )和顺铂 (DDP)静脉注射。序贯投药同时 ,应用血管紧张素Ⅱ (AgⅡ )和硝普钠行血压调节。结果 :变压联合化疗组病人有效率为 6 7% ,与对照组 (有效率为 2 0 % )相比 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :变压联合化疗方法 ,使胶质瘤疗效提高 ,值得推广应用。     

胸腺内注射异基因抗原延长移植皮片存活期

目的　探讨胸腺内注射异基因抗原在延长移植皮片存活期中的作用。方法　经破碎、超速离心、透析等步骤自C5 7BL/ 6小鼠脾细胞提取MHC(H 2 )抗原 ,注射到Balb/c受体小鼠胸腺内 ,1周后移植供体C5 7BL/ 6皮肤。共设实验组、第三供体组、对照组、无处理组 4组。结果　实验组皮肤移植物存活时间大于 70天 ,第三供体组为(13 4± 1 42 )天 ,对照组为 (12 6± 1 6 9)天 ,无处理对照组为 (5 6± 1 2 6 )天。实验组与对照组相比有显著性意义 (P<0 0 1)。结论　经胸腺注射异基因MHC抗原能诱导特异性皮肤移植耐受     

眼部不同方式注射川芎嗪抑制小鼠视网膜新生血管形成的比较研究

目的探讨川芎嗪抑制氧诱导小鼠视网膜新生血管形成的作用机制;寻找局部注射川芎嗪的最佳方式。方法将90只C57BL/6J幼鼠分为正常对照组、模型对照(A组)、太阳穴穴位注射组(B组)、睛明穴穴位注射组(C组)、玻璃体腔注射组(D组)、鼠尾静脉注射组(E组),每组15只。除正常组外,其他组建立高浓度氧诱导C57BL/6J幼鼠视网膜新生血管病变模型,正常组与模型对照组鼠尾静脉注射等容积生理盐水,其他组分别取穴位注射、鼠尾静脉注射、玻璃体腔注射川芎嗪,采用双抗体夹心法测定血清血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)含量,光学显微镜下观察计数和比较注射后各组视网膜新生血管芽细胞核数。结果 (1)血清VEGF含量:B、C、D、E组均低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);B组与C组比较(P<0.05);(2)视网膜新生血管内皮细胞核数:A、B、C、D、E组均可见视网膜新生血管芽,发生率为100%。B、C、D、E组均低于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C组分别与B组、D组、E组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论川芎嗪能有效抑制氧诱导小鼠视网膜新生血管形成,川芎嗪太阳穴穴位注射为局部无创注射的最佳选择。     

阳离子脂质体包裹的IL-12基因对小鼠黑色素瘤的治疗作用

目的:观察体内注射阳离子脂质体包裹的小鼠白细胞介素12(mIL-12)基因对小鼠黑色素细胞瘤的治疗作用.方法:C57BL/6小鼠在接种B16黑色素细胞后3、5、7、9 d分别给予lipofectin包裹的pCmIL-12质粒治疗,观察小鼠的肿瘤生长速度、生存期以及NK细胞活性的变化.结果:阳离子脂质体明显增强pCmIL-12质粒在体内的抗肿瘤生长活性,并延长荷瘤小鼠的存活期.此外,pCmIL-12/阳离子脂质体还能显著增强荷瘤小鼠的NK细胞活性.结论:阳离子脂质体介导的IL-12基因对小鼠黑色素瘤有明显的治疗效果.     

咪喹莫特抑制小鼠体表黑色素瘤生长和促使肿瘤特异性放疗增敏的实验研究

目的研究咪喹莫特联合外放疗对C57BL/6小鼠黑色素瘤模型肿瘤生长的影响,并判定咪喹莫特对肿瘤特异性放疗增敏的疗效。方法建立C57BL/6小鼠(n=20)的体表黑色素瘤模型,随机分为对照组、放疗组、咪喹莫特治疗组和放疗联合咪喹莫特治疗组。测量肿瘤生长体积,观察肿瘤生长延迟效应,并采用免疫组织化学检测和生存曲线评估咪喹莫特对肿瘤放疗增敏效果。结果放疗联合咪喹莫特治疗组肿瘤生长延迟最显著,其次治疗效果依次为咪喹莫特治疗组、放疗组和对照组。4组间两两比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.01)。C57BL/6小鼠黑色素瘤的组织病理学检测中,发现微管相关蛋白1轻链3B(MAP1LC3B)和α-平滑肌激动蛋白(α-SMA)在放疗联合咪喹莫特治疗组呈高表达。3种不同治疗组的MAP1LC3B和α-SMA表达与对照组间比较,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。C57BL/6小鼠生存表证实,放疗联合咪喹莫特治疗组生存率明显优于其他治疗组和对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论咪喹莫特联合外放疗对C57BL/6小鼠黑色素瘤生长有绝对延迟效应,咪喹莫特可为新的肿瘤特异性放疗增敏诱导剂。     

博来霉素诱导G57BL/6与ICR小鼠肺间质纤维化模型的比较

目的 探讨C57BL/6与ICR小鼠在博来霉素(BLM)致肺纤维化过程中的种属差异.方法 8周龄雌性C57BL/6小鼠19只,ICR小鼠16只,分别经尾静脉一次性注射BLM 150 mg/kg,观察每组小鼠体重、生存率及肺组织病理改变.结果 ①C57BL/6与ICR小鼠最低体重分别发生在静脉注射处置后的7 d和5 d,最低体重分别为注射前的65.46%和73.21%,两组间无显著的统计学差异.②C57BL/6与ICR小鼠的生存率分别为36.84%和56.25%,两组间存在显著的统计学差异.③C57BL/6小鼠BLM注射后28 d,在胸膜下及血管周围形成广泛、稳定的间质纤维化病理改变,而ICR小鼠肺组织未见明显纤维化形成.C57BL/6小鼠肺纤维化病理评分明显高于ICR小鼠(P＜0.001).结论 BLM诱导的肺纤维化作用在C57BI/6与ICR小鼠间存在着明显的种属差异.C57BL/6小鼠较ICR小鼠更适于复制博来霉素诱导的肺纤维化动物模型.     

肝动脉灌注化疗联合无水乙醇注射治疗不能切除的原发性肝癌

目的 :探讨肝动脉灌注化疗联合无水乙醇注射治疗不能切除的原发性肝癌的临床疗效。方法 :4 1例经病理证实的不能切除的中晚期原发性肝癌病人 ,分为 3组进行治疗 :经皮下埋植式药泵经肝动脉插管灌注化疗组 (HAI组 ,14例 ) ;无水乙醇注射治疗组 (ITIE组 ,15例 ) ;经皮下埋植式药泵经肝动脉插管灌注化疗联合无水乙醇注射治疗组 (联合治疗组 ,12例 )。结果 :治疗后获二期手术切除率 ,三组分别为 7.1%、6 .6 %、2 5 % (P<0 .0 1) ;治疗后 0 .5、1、2年生存率HAI组为 5 7.1%、4 2 .8%、2 1.4 % ;ITIE组为 6 0 %、4 0 %、2 0 % ;联合治疗组为 83.3%、6 6 .6 %、33.3%。HAI组与ITIE组间生存无显著性差异 ,但联合治疗组与HAI或ITIE组间 0 .5、1、2年生存率均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :HAI +ITIE联合疗法是治疗不能切除的原发性肝癌的有效方法 ,效果优于单纯肝动脉灌注化疗和单纯无水乙醇注射治疗。     

C57BL/6小鼠晚期Lewis肺腺癌化疗疗效评价

目的评价化疗对晚期非小细胞肺癌生存期的影响。方法建立C57BL/6小鼠晚期肺癌模型,实验组采用临床常用的紫杉醇/顺铂联合化疗方案,对照组给予等量生理盐水,观察两组小鼠的生存期、精神状态及体质量变化。结果实验组较对照组能延长小鼠的生存期,差异有显著性(P<0.01);实验组精神状态评分高于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01);两组小鼠体质量降低程度差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论对于一般状态较好的C57BL/6小鼠晚期非小细胞肺癌,紫杉醇/顺铂联合化疗能延长其生存期,改善生存质量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.