三种单焦点人工晶状体植入术后拟调节力比较

目的：比较三种单焦点人工晶状体植入术后人工晶状体眼的拟调节力大小。 方法：白内障患者78例78眼根据自愿的原则,采用非随机方式分成三组,Ⅰ组23例23眼植入AcrySof Natural人工晶状体;Ⅱ组24例24眼植入Canon staa人工晶状体;Ⅲ组31例31眼植入聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)人工晶状体。术后3mo检测最佳矫正远视力及在最佳矫正远视力基础上获得的近视力,以及33cm处在最佳矫正近视力基础上获得的近附加值及拟调节力(PAC)。 结果：三组术后3mo最佳矫正远视力差异无统计学意义(F=0.317,P=0.729);最佳矫正远视力基础上获得的近视力差异有统计学意义(F=3.377,P=0.039);术后3mo,33cm处在最佳矫正近视力基础上获得的近附加值及拟调节力(PAC)比较差异均有统计学意义(F=10094,P=0.000;F=16.806,P=0.000)。 结论：白内障术后植入三种单焦点人工晶状体拟调节力比较,软性推注式折叠晶状体可获得更高的拟调节力及令人满意的近视力。     

Early visual results with the 1CU accommodating intraocular lens

PURPOSE: To prospectively assess the clinical outcome after implantation of the 1CU accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) and a foldable acrylic IOL (AcrySof, Alcon). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, and Minami Aoyama Eye Clinics, Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan. METHODS: Twenty-two eyes of 16 patients with cataract had phacoemulsification implantation of 1CU accommodating IOL. Twenty eyes of 10 age-matched and sex-matched patients with cataract had the same surgery but with a foldable acrylic IOL. All patients had assessments of the amplitude of accommodation, refraction, uncorrected and best corrected distance and near visual acuity, and distance corrected near visual acuity before surgery up to 12 months after surgery. Contrast visual acuities were measured 1 year after surgery. Anterior segment photography, intraocular pressure measurements, specular microscopy, and computerized topography were also performed. RESULTS: The final best corrected distance visual acuity was above 20/25 in all eyes with the 1CU and the AcrySof IOLs. The mean distance corrected near visual acuity was significantly higher in the 1CU IOL group than in the acrylic IOL group after 3 months. None of the eyes with the AcrySof IOL implants displayed an accommodative response at any examination. The peak mean amplitude of accommodation with the 1CU IOLs was observed at 3 months and was 0.5 diopters +/- 0.44 (SD). Accommodation amplitude declined after 6 months. CONCLUSION: The 1CU IOL provided additional near acuity postoperatively, but the benefit disappeared at 12 months with a concomitant decrease in accommodation amplitude owing to an increase in anterior and posterior capsular opacities.     

Influence of astigmatism on multifocal and monofocal intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To examine the influence of astigmatism on the visual acuity of patients with multifocal and monofocal intraocular lenses. METHODS: Thirty eyes of 30 patients who underwent five-zone refractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation and 30 eyes of 30 age-matched patients who had monofocal intraocular lens implantation were included. The visual acuities of these patients at 5.0, 3.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.7, 0.5, and 0.3 m were measured by means of an all-distance vision tester after addition of a cylindrical lens of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 diopters. RESULTS: Mean visual acuity at all distances decreased in proportion to the diopters of astigmatism in both the multifocal and monofocal intraocular lens groups. When astigmatism was 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 diopters, distance visual acuity in the multifocal group was significantly worse than that in the monofocal group; with astigmatism of 2.0 diopters or more, intermediate visual acuity was also worse in the multifocal group. In contrast, near visual acuity in the multifocal group was significantly better than that in the monofocal group at all astigmatic diopters. When astigmatism was within 1.0 diopter, visual acuity in the multifocal group reached 20/29 at distance and 20/50 at near. Mean contrast sensitivity was also worse in the multifocal group than in the monofocal group. CONCLUSIONS: Both distance and intermediate visual acuity deterioration caused by astigmatism was greater with a multifocal intraocular lens than with a monofocal intraocular lens, whereas near visual acuity was better with the multifocal intraocular lens. When astigmatism was within 1.0 diopter, eyes with a multifocal intraocular lens achieved good visual acuity at both distance and near.     

ICU人工晶状体植入术后的早期临床效果

目的:比较白内障超声乳化术联合ICU(德国HumanOptics公司)可调节人工晶状体植入术后效果与传统单焦后房型UV型(日本HOYA公司)人工晶状体植入术后效果之间的差异。方法:所有患者均行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术。比较18例(20眼)患者ICU可调节人工晶状体植入及20例(20眼)患者UV型后房型人工晶状体植入术后1wk、1mo时的裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力、近视力(35cm)及矫正远视力的近视力(35cm)、主观调节近点、10g/L硝酸毛果芸香碱滴眼30min后利用A型超声波测量前房深度(anterior chamber depth,ACD)变化等多项指标之间的差异。结果:两组数据间比较,除术后远视力及最佳矫正远视力无显著性差异外,其它指标间比较均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:ICU可调节人工晶状体相对于传统单焦后房型人工晶状体具有更高调节力、更佳的近视力,同时也具有良好的远视力。但术后调节幅度有限,长期效果如何有待进一步观察、研究。     

Visual and refractive status at different focal distances after implantation of the ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens

PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual acuity and determine the refraction in emmetropic pseudophakic eyes at different focal distances after implantation of the AcrySof SA 60D3 ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories). SETTING: Private clinical practice. METHODS: Thirty-seven eyes of 20 patients received the ReSTOR IOL. Visual acuity was measured at several distances, and best distance corrected, best intermediate corrected (60 cm), and best near corrected (33 cm) visual acuities were determined 3 months after surgery. Subjective outcomes were assessed by a questionnaire. RESULTS: Postoperatively, 36 of 37 eyes (97.3%) were within +/-1.00 diopter (D) of the manifest refraction spherical equivalent and cylinder. Monocularly, the mean best distance corrected, best distance corrected intermediate, and best distance corrected near visual acuities were 20/20, 20/46, and 20/23, respectively. The best distance corrected acuities at 40, 50, 60, and 70 cm were significantly worse than the best distance corrected and best distance corrected near acuities (P<.05). On the questionnaire, all patients noted intermediate blur, but 75% had little or no difficulty seeing and were bothered by the blur occasionally or never. The mean additional add to best distance correction for best intermediate corrected visual acuity was +1.20 diopters (D) +/- 0.27 D or -1.68 +/- 0.24 D and for best near corrected visual acuity, -0.26 +/- 0.24 D. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of the ReSTOR IOL offered excellent visual acuity at distance and near distance and functional visual acuity in the intermediate range. For patients who need excellent vision at intermediate range, leaving 1 eye with distance myopia or hyperopia to compensate for intermediate vision may provide consistent good binocular vision over the full range in cases of bilateral implantation.     

植入可调节人工晶状体和多焦点人工晶状体后视功能的对比研究

目的比较超声乳化白内障吸除术后植入可调节人工晶状体和多焦点人工晶状体的视功能。方法32例年龄相关性白内障患者根据自愿原则,采用非随机对照方式分成两组,试验组13例患者（24只眼）植入1CU可调节人工晶状体,对照组19例患者（30只眼）植入Array多焦点人工晶状体。术后3个月使用标准对数视力表检测患者最佳矫正视力及在最佳矫正视力基础上获得的近视力、近点及调节幅度、立体视觉。检查结果以年龄作为协变量,进行成组设计定量资料一元协方差分析。结果随诊期间所有患者均无明显的术后并发症。术后3个月试验组最佳矫正视力为4．96±0．15,对照组为5．02±0．08,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．085）。试验组术后最佳矫正视力基础上获得的近视力为4．65±0．15,对照组为4．60±0．10,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．398）。试验组术后主观近点为（56±9）cm,对照组为（61±11）cm,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．80）。试验组术后调节幅度为（1．30±0．40）D,对照组为（1．20±0．36）D,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．093）。试验组术后立体视觉为43．24”±18．25”,对照组为60．00”±23．09”,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0．543）。结论植入1CU可调节人工晶状体的患者术后可在保持最佳远视力的同时获得一定的近视力。两种人工晶状体在矫正远视力、远矫下近视力、主观近点、术后调节幅度及近距矫正基础上的立体视觉检查方面均无统计学意义。     

两种拟调节型人工晶状体植入术后视功能对比分析

目的 比较超声乳化术后植入可调节人工晶状体和多焦点人工晶状体的视功能.方法 30例白内障患者按自愿原则,采用非随机对照方式分成两组,试验组①10例患者(10只眼)植入Tetraflex可调节人工晶状体.试验组②20例患者(30只眼)植入+3.0D ReSTOR多焦点人工晶状体.术后6个月以ETDRS视力表检测患者最佳矫正远视力及在最佳矫正远视力基础上获得的近视力、中距离视力,综合验光仪检测近点及调节幅度.结果 随访期间所有患者均无明显的术后并发症.试验组①最佳矫正远视力为(-0.21±0.06)LogMAR,近视力为J3/40cm,试验组②为(-0.23±0.09)LogMAR,近视力为J1/35cm,两组比较近视力差异有统计学意义(P=0.035).试验组①术后主观近点为(39±10)cm,试验组②为(35±9)cm,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.80).试验组①术后调节幅度为(1.94±0.13)D,试验组②为(2.08±0.63)D,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.048).结论 可调节人工晶状体与多焦点人工晶状体植入术后均可使患者的视近困难得以改善.医生应根据患者情况为其选择合适的人工晶状体.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the visual performance of accommodative IOLS and that of multifocal IOLs implantation after phacoemulsification. Methods A total of 40 eyes from 30 patients undergoing phacoemulsification received intraocular lens based on the principle of voluntary. Ten eyes from 20 patients who had implantation of Tetraflex accommodative intraocular lens were randomized into group 1. Thirty eyes from 20 patients who had implantation of +3.0 aspheric ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens were randomized into group 2. Main outcome measures included best corrected distance visual acuity, distance corrected near vision, near point, intermediate vision, and the accommodation amplitude. All the clinical data were obtained at 6months postoperatively. Results No patients had undergone any complications. At 6 months postoperatively,best corrected distance visual acuity were similar between the groupl and group2 (-0.23± 0.09LogMAR versus-0.14 ± 0.08LogMAR, P =0.085). Distance corrected near vision were similar between the two groups (J3/40cm versusJ1/35cm, P =0.035). Subjective near point were similar between the two groups [(39± 10) cm versus (35± 9) cm F=0.065, P=0.80]. The accommodation amplitude were similar between the two groups [(1.94± 0.13)D versus (2.08± 0.63)D, P =0.093]. The defocus line showed a double-peak in group 2 and single peak in group 1 which declined at intermediate distance. Conclusions Both accommodative IOLs and multifocal IOLs can correct presbyopia effectively after operation. It is best to prefer the proper IOLs for patients.     

可调节人工晶状体植入术的早期疗效观察

目的探讨超声乳化白内障吸除可调节人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效和调节幅度。方法对75例(94只眼)白内障患者行超声乳化白内障吸除1CU型可调节人工晶状体植入术,观察并记录术眼的主观屈光状态、裸眼远视力、裸眼近视力、最佳矫正远视力、30cm处远视力矫正后近视力、30cm处最佳矫正近视力、主观调节幅度(分别采用主观移近法和负镜片法测量)。术后随访时间1～12个月,对术后1周、1个月及3个月的资料进行分析。结果术后1周、1个月及3个月裸眼近视力≥Jr5者分别占81.9%(77/94)、85.1%(80/94)及84.0%(79/94);远视力矫正后近视力≥Jr5者分别占78.7%(74/94)、79.8%(75/94)及74.5%(70/94)。采用主观移近法和负镜片法检查调节幅度,术后1周分别为(1.96±0.63)D(0.75～4.50D)和(1.74±0.59)D(0.75～4.50D),术后1个月分别为(1.89±0.54)D(0.75～3.25D)和(1.68±0.47)D(0.75～3.25D),术后3个月分别为(1.77±0.53)D(0.75～2.75D)和(1.66±0.50)D(0.75～2.75D)。术后1周、1个月及3个月2种方法测量的主观调节幅度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。远视力矫正后近视力和调节幅度之间为正相关(P=0.00)。结论早期观察结果显示1CU型可调节人工晶状体植入术后视功能恢复良好,患者在具有较好远视力的同时,具备良好的视近能力。远期效果有待进一步观察。     

白内障超声乳化联合可调节IOL植入术的疗效

目的:对白内障术后植入Tetraflex可调节IOL进行效果和安全性评估。方法:老年性白内障患者60眼,其中30眼行超声乳化手术并植入Tetraflex可调节IOL,对照组30眼植入Akreos Adapt IOL,观察患者术后的裸眼远近视力、调节幅度、术中及术后并发症。结果:术后6mo两组的裸眼远视力、矫正远视力、矫正近视力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组裸眼近视力(t=2.427,P=0.023)、最佳远视力矫正后近视力(t=8.687,P=0.000)及调节幅度(t=15.158,P=0.000)均优于对照组。结论:Tetraflex可调节IOL与AkreosAdaptIOL相对比有一定调节力,能为患者提供一定视近能力。     

Fellow eye comparison between the 1CU accommodative intraocular lens and the Acrysof MA30 monofocal intraocular lens

PURPOSE: To examine the near visual clinical performance of an accommodative intraocular lens (IOL) when compared with a standard monofocal IOL in a fellow eye comparison. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized fellow eye comparison. METHODS: Thirty patients (60 eyes) with bilateral cataracts but otherwise normal eyes were recruited from a single university hospital cataract waiting list. Patients were randomized to receive either the 1CU accommodative IOL in their first eye or the Acrysof MA30 monofocal IOL. The alternative lens was then implanted in the second eye 4 to 6 weeks later. At all follow-up visits, a full assessment was made of distance, near and reading visual performance, and accommodative amplitude. RESULTS: Data are available for all patients at 6 months and 20 patients at 1 year. At 6 months, no difference was found in distance-corrected visual acuity between the two IOLs. Of the 1CU eyes, nine patients (30%) could read J6 or better at a reading speed of 80 words/min or better. In these nine patients, the mean difference in the amplitude of accommodation between the two eyes was 0.71 diopters. CONCLUSIONS: No measurable variable distinguished eyes that developed functional reading vision from those that did not. The accommodative IOL appears to produce improved near vision in some eyes, but it does not work in all eyes, and in eyes where there is apparent accommodation, there is a discrepancy between subjective reading performance and the modest measured increase of accommodative amplitude.     

Aging changes in apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens

PURPOSE: To examine the aging changes in the amplitude of apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). DESIGN: Prospective comparative observational study. METHODS: Two hundred eyes of 200 patients who were scheduled for phacoemulsification and monofocal IOL implantation were studied. Forty patients in each of five age groups-younger than 40 years of age or in their 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s-were prospectively recruited. Using an accommodopolyrecorder, the amplitude of apparent accommodation of these patients was measured approximately 1 month after surgery. Visual acuities from far to near distances after best-corrected distance were examined using an all-distance vision tester, and the region of accommodation at which each patient achieved a visual acuity of 20/29 or 20/40 was determined and converted to the diopteric range. Contrast sensitivity was also examined using a vision contrast test system. RESULTS: The amount of apparent accommodation as measured with the accommodopolyrecorder was decreased significantly in proportion to patient age (P <.0001). Furthermore, significant negative correlation was found between the amount of apparent accommodation and actual age of each patient (r = -.491). The diopteric range of accommodation at which the patients achieved 20/29 or 20/40 also reduced in proportion to the age. Although no significant differences were found in the mean far visual acuities between age groups, the intermediate and near visual acuities worsened significantly with age. The contrast sensitivity was also reduced in proportion to the age. CONCLUSIONS: The amplitude of apparent accommodation in eyes with a monofocal IOL decreases significantly in proportion to age, resulting in worsening of best-corrected intermediate and near visual acuities.     

Visual outcomes after accommodating intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes and accommodative amplitude in cataract patients after implantation of the Crystalens intraocular lens (IOL) (Eyeonics) versus standard monofocal IOLs. SETTING: Ten clinics in a nationwide multicenter study in the United States. METHODS: A multicenter comparative interventional case series with masked randomized postoperative examination of 224 eyes of 112 patients was performed by a single observer. Patients were divided into 2 groups (56 patients; 112 eyes each) depending on which IOL was implanted (Crystalens or monofocal). Accommodation was measured using 1 objective (dynamic retinoscopy) and 2 subjective methods (defocus and near point of accommodation). Visual acuity measurements were performed under the same conditions with standard visual acuity charts. RESULTS: Uncorrected monocular near vision was significantly better in the Crystalens group than in the standard monofocal group, with 101 of 112 eyes (90%) and 17 of 112 (15%), respectfully, reading J3 or better postoperatively. All 56 Crystalens patients had a binocular uncorrected near visual acuity of J3 or better compared with 16 of 56 (29%) standard monofocal patients. The mean postoperative monocular (0.85 +/- 0.30 [SD] versus 0.70 +/- 0.19, P<.01) and binocular (1.16 +/- 0.17 versus 1.01 +/- 0.14, P<.01) distance uncorrected visual acuities were also better in the Crystalens group than in the control group. All patients in the study achieved a corrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better. Measures of accommodation were significantly higher in Crystalens patients than in the monofocal IOL patients (dynamic retinoscopy 2.42 +/- 0.39 diopters [D] versus 0.91 +/- 0.24 D, P<.01; monocular defocus 1.74 +/- 0.48 D versus 0.75 +/- 0.25 D, P<.01; monocular near point of accommodation 9.5 +/- 3.1 inches versus 34.7 +/- 9.8 inches, P<.01). Perceived accommodation (5.79 D) was significantly greater than the measured accommodation (1.96 to 2.42 D) in Crystalens patients (paired t test, P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: The Crystalens IOL provided better uncorrected near and distance visual outcomes than standard monofocal IOLs in all analyses performed. Patients perceived a greater accommodation than measured. Understanding why this occurred could lead to valuable advances in accommodating IOL technology.     

Quality of vision after AMO Array multifocal intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To evaluate safety and efficacy of Array SA40N multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (AMO) implantation in cataract surgery. SETTING: Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. METHODS: In this prospective randomized comparative trial, 80 patients scheduled for cataract surgery were selected based on preoperative counseling and randomized to have multifocal or monofocal IOL implantation. Fifty-three eyes of 35 patients received a multifocal IOL and 67 eyes of 40 patients, a monofocal IOL. The incidence of complications and visual outcome in the multifocal and monofocal IOL groups were compared. Quality of vision was measured by comparing the severity of visual symptoms (glare, halos, and cataract symptoms score), changes in functional impairment measured by a 7-item visual function test (VF-7), changes in global measures of vision (trouble and satisfaction with vision), and range of accommodation and contrast sensitivity. RESULTS: Intraoperative and postoperative complications and adverse events were few and required no further surgical intervention. Both distance and near visual acuities were significantly better in the multifocal group than in the monofocal group; the difference was most prominent in distance corrected near acuity (P<.001). Thirty-five eyes (67.3%) in the multifocal group and 10 eyes (14.9%) in the monofocal group achieved a distance corrected near acuity of J6 (20/40) or better; 30 eyes (56.6%) and 19 eyes (28.4%), respectively, achieved a best corrected distance acuity of 20/20 or better. Glare symptoms decreased postoperatively in both groups but were slightly more common in the multifocal group. In contrast, halos were significantly more common at 1 month in the multifocal group (P<.001). Contrast sensitivity values were slightly lower with multifocal IOLs at almost all spatial frequencies, but the difference was not significant. The change in the quality of life postoperatively, measured with the VF-7, was significant and identical in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Pseudophakic eyes with multifocal IOLs had better distance and near acuity and range of accommodation than eyes with a monofocal IOL. Slightly lower contrast sensitivity and increased perception of halos by subjects with the multifocal IOL appear to be an acceptable compromise to enhanced near and distance vision.     

Synchrony dual-optic accommodating intraocular lens. Part 2: pilot clinical evaluation

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of an accommodating dual-optic intraocular lens (IOL). SETTING: Private practice and university centers. METHODS: A prospective noncomparative case series with retrospective control comprised 21 patients (26 eyes) scheduled for small-incision extracapsular cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with implantation of the Synchrony dual-optic accommodating IOL (Visiogen) (accommodating IOL group) and 10 patients who had small-incision extracapsular phacoemulsification with implantation of a monofocal, single-optic IOL at least 6 months previously (control group). Patients were examined 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Defocus curves in the accommodating IOL group were compared with those in the control group. The main outcome measures were postoperative distance uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity; near uncorrected, distance corrected, and near corrected visual acuity; and accommodative range based on defocus curves. RESULTS: Twenty-four eyes were available at the 6-month follow-up visit. All eyes had best corrected distance visual acuity of 20/40 or better, and 19 eyes (79%) had an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/40 or better. Uncorrected near visual acuity was 20/40 or better in all eyes. With distance correction, 23 eyes (96%) had an acuity of 20/40 or better at near. Defocus curve analysis suggested a mean accommodative range of 3.22 diopters (D) +/- 0.88 (SD) (range 1.00 to 5.00 D) in the accommodating IOL group and 1.65 +/- 0.58 D in the control group (range 1.00 to 2.50 D) (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The Synchrony dual-optic IOL shows promise as an option to provide accommodative function in pseudophakic patients.     

70岁以上人群植入Array多焦点人工晶状体的远期疗效

目的 观察Array多焦点人工晶状体在70岁以上白内障患者中的远期疗效.方法 选择2004年2月至2005年12月在行白内障超声乳化联合Array (AMO)多焦点人工晶状体植入的70岁以上患者25例(45只眼),检查裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、最佳矫正近视力时的调节幅度及调节近点,并进行生活质量问卷调查.结果 随访时间为3.5~5.0年,裸眼远视力(UCDVA)为0.74±0.19,最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)为0.88±0.14,裸眼近视力(UCNVA)为0.46±0.12,最佳矫正近视力(BCNVA)为0.77±0.23,调节幅度为(1.78±0.81)D,调节近点为(12.38±5.83)cm.后发性白内障(PCO)发生率为28.89%,无PCO眼的调节幅度较PCO眼大,无PCO眼的调节近点较PCO眼小,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 Array SA-40NBTM多焦点人工晶体在70岁以上人群中能提供稳定优良的远期视力和良好的调节幅度.     

Delayed visual loss after pars plana vitrectomy for retained lens fragments

PURPOSE: To report visual results and postoperative complications in patients undergoing vitrectomy for retained lens fragments. METHODS: Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series of 42 consecutive patients undergoing vitrectomy for retained lens fragments by a single surgeon, all with a minimum of 6 months' follow-up. The main outcome measurement was best corrected visual acuity at 3 months and at final follow-up visit. RESULTS: Although 67% of eyes achieved a postoperative visual acuity of 20/40 or better at 3 months, 17% had events during follow-up that resulted in loss of vision to less than 20/40. Final best corrected visual acuity 20/40 or better was achieved in 50% of eyes. Retinal detachment occurred in 17%, and 21% of eyes required long-term therapy for glaucoma. CONCLUSION: Patients undergoing vitrectomy for retained lens fragments often develop delayed visual loss. Long-term surveillance is necessary in these patients.     

Tetraflex 可调节人工晶状体的临床应用

目的 评估眼内植入Tetraflex可调节人工晶状体增强远近视力的安全性、有效性.方法 取29例 (30只眼) 老年性白内障患者行超声乳化手术并植入 Tetraflex可调节人工晶状体;另外 26 例 (30只眼) 植入 IQ折叠人工晶状体.观察患者术后的裸眼远近视力、矫正远近视力、最佳矫正远视力下的近视力、调节幅度、手术中及术后并发症.结果 术后6个月,两组的裸眼远视力、矫正远、近视力差异无统计学意义(t =1.667、1.458、1.207,P ＞0.05),Tetraflex组的裸眼近视力和最佳矫正远视力下的近视力好于IQ组(t =2.407,8.667,P ＜ 0.01) .视标推进法测得调节幅度 Tetraflex组 (2.79 ±0.33) D 大于IQ 组(1.42 ±0.25) D (t =15.218,P ＜ 0.001) .结论 Tetraflex可调节人工晶状体是安全有效的,能够在改善患者远视力的同时增强近视力使白内障患者术后获得一定的调节力.     

拟调节人工晶状体在眼内位移与调节力研究

目的 探讨拟调节人工晶状体在眼内位移与调节力的关系.方法 采用病例对照研究方法,将白内障患者20例(20只眼)分成两组:10只眼植入Lestec公司生产的福来视拟调节人工晶状体(TetraflexIOL)(福来视组);另外10只眼植入其他无调节功能的人工晶状体(单焦点组).检测患者术后的裸眼远、中、近视力及矫正远、中、近视力;矫正远视力的近视力;采用前段OCT定量测定1%pilocarpine诱导缩瞳后人工晶状体在眼内前后移动的幅度;同时观察患者调节力的变化.结果 所有患者随访3个月:两组的裸眼、矫正远视力及矫正近视力差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);福来视组的裸眼中、近视力及矫正远视力的近视力均优于对照组(P<0.05);福来视组人工晶状体移动度及调节力与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而且人工晶状体移动度与调节力呈正相关(r=0.977.P=0.000).结论 福来视拟调节人工晶状体是安伞有效的,能使患者术后获得一定的调节力,与人工晶状体的移动度具有正相关性,提供良好的远、中、近视力.     

The influence of ocular dominance on monovision--the interaction between binocular visual functions and the state of dominant eye's correction

PURPOSE: To examine the interaction between binocular visual functions and the correction of the dominant eye, i.e., for far vs. near vision in monovision. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ten healthy subjects without any ophthalmological disease were examined. After cycloplegia, the eyes of the subjects were corrected by soft contact lenses (difference in lens power between the lenses: 2.5 D) with an artificial pupil(diameter: 3.0 mm). Visual acuity at various distances, contrast sensitivity, and near stereoacuity were measured while the dominant eye determined by the hole-in-card test (sighting dominance) was corrected for far and near vision. RESULTS: Binocular visual acuity was better than 1.0(20/20) at all distances. When the dominant eye was corrected for distance, the binocular visual acuity at 0.7 m was better than the monocular visual acuity; contrast sensitivity was better within the spatial frequency range of 0.5-4.0 cycles per degree, and near stereoacuity by Titmus stereo tests improved. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that dominant eyes should be corrected for far vision for better binocular summation at middle distances, and near stereoacuity.     

Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity: AcrySof ReSTOR apodized diffractive versus AcrySof SA60AT monofocal intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To compare the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in eyes with the AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon) and eyes with the monofocal AcrySof SA60AT IOL. SETTING: Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Ophthalmology, Rome, and private clinical practice, Rome, Italy. METHODS: One hundred eyes had phacoemulsification cataract extraction and implantation of a ReSTOR multifocal IOL in the capsular bag. Inclusion criteria were corneal astigmatism less than 1.5 diopters (D), myopia less than 4.0 D, and no associated ocular disease. A complete ophthalmic examination, including uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity, was performed 6 months postoperatively. Results were compared with those in 40 eyes with the AcrySof monofocal IOL single-piece IOL. RESULTS: In the multifocal group, 90 eyes (90%) had an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/25 or better (logMAR<0.10) and an uncorrected near visual acuity at 35 cm of J3 or better (logMAR 0.14). The multifocal group and monofocal group had similar distance uncorrected and best corrected visual acuities; however, the multifocal group had significantly better near uncorrected acuity. The mean contrast sensitivity values were 18.28 dB (static program) and 17.95 dB (dynamic program) in the multifocal group and 19.18 dB (static program) and 21.2 dB (dynamic program) in the monofocal group. CONCLUSIONS: The ReSTOR multifocal IOL provided a satisfactory full range of vision; 92% of the patients achieved total spectacle independence. Contrast sensitivity was lower than with the SA60AT monofocal IOL.