后路经椎弓根内固定治疗伴脊髓损伤的胸腰椎骨折24例分析

目的探讨后路经椎弓根短节段内固定及融合术治疗伴脊髓损伤的胸腰椎骨折的临床效果。方法应用后路经椎弓根内固定对24例胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤患者行撑开复位、减压、内固定及植骨融合术,比较神经功能恢复及骨折复位情况来评估疗效。结果24例患者获得10～18个月随访。神经功能按Frankel分级:A级有3例无恢复,其他患者均有1～2级的恢复。23例患者椎体高度基本恢复正常,后凸Cobb角恢复正常。结论对胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤采用经后路椎弓根内固定行撑开复位、短节段固定及植骨融合术,临床效果较好。     

胸腰椎骨折后路手术治疗24例分析

目的探讨胸腰椎骨折后路手术的临床效果。方法应用后路经椎弓根内固定对24例胸腰椎骨折伴脊髓损伤患者行撑开复位、减压、内固定及植骨融合术,比较神经功能恢复及骨折复位情况来评估疗效。结果 24例患者获得10～18个月随访。神经功能按Franke1分级：A级有3例无恢复,其他患者均有1～2级的恢复。结论对胸腰椎骨折采用经后路椎弓根内固定行撑开复位、短节段固定及植骨融合术,临床效果较好。     

后路间接减压治疗椎管占位的胸腰椎爆裂骨折

目的探讨无脊髓神经损伤伴有大骨块突入椎管的胸腰椎爆裂骨折后路间接减压与椎弓根固定技术的应用价值。方法对42例无脊髓神经损伤伴有大骨块突入椎管的胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者行椎弓根螺钉内固定及后路间接减压术,未进行椎板切除,伤椎上下椎体与伤椎同时植钉进行撑开间接减压,术后随访观察伤椎椎体高度的恢复,节段后凸角的纠正,椎管内骨块复位情况以及有无神经损伤症状。结果 42例患者均获随访,术后平均随访30个月。间接减压患者伤椎前后缘高度分别是:术前53.8%、82.3%,术后91.7%、95.3%;节段后凸角分别是:术前27.1°,术后5.3°;椎管截面积术前平均51.2%,术后83.7%;术后各项指标与术前相比有差异(P<0.01)。患者术后随访均无迟发性神经损伤发生。结论对于椎管内骨块占位但无脊髓及神经损伤的胸腰椎爆裂骨折行后路间接减压椎弓根钉内固定可以达到良好的治疗效果。     

改良后外侧植骨＋后路短节段内固定术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折

目的探讨改良后外侧植骨 后路短节段内固定术治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析179例行改良后外侧植骨 后路短节段内固定术的胸腰椎爆裂骨折患者的临床资料。147例获随访8~15个月。结果本组179例患者切口均一期愈合,无感染及医源性神经损伤。随访患者均无脊髓神经损伤加重病例,伤椎前高度平均矫正32.3%;植骨处均骨性融合,无脊柱不稳,无断钉,断棒及螺钉松动;脊髓神经功能恢复情况按Frankel法评定,7例A级患者未见改善,余级别患者均恢复1级或以上。结论改良后外侧植骨 后路内固定治疗脊柱胸腰段爆裂骨折具有创伤小、操作方便、植骨面大、融合率高及患者术后恢复快的优点,值得推广。     

后路钉棒系统固定加自体骨植骨成型术治疗胸腰段椎体骨折50例体会

目的 评价后路钉棒系统加自体骨植骨、病椎植骨成型术治疗胸腰段骨折的临床疗效.方法 对50 例胸腰段爆裂型骨折患者采用后正中入路切开复位椎管后路减压、横突及椎小关节间植骨融合钉棒系统固定,并应用植骨推注器经椎弓根病椎椎体成型手术治疗.结果 全部病例随访6～18个月(平均11个月),均未发现内固定松动、断裂及继发脊柱后凸畸形.术后6个月X线片显示椎体融合30 例,术前、术后采用Frankel分级评定,脊髓神经功能均获得改善.长期随访无明显椎体再压缩.治疗效果:优33例、良10例、中5例、差2例,优良率为86%.结论 后路减压、钉棒系统固定加经椎弓根病椎内植骨成型术能有效复位椎体骨折,重建脊柱稳定性,是治疗胸腰段骨折合并脊髓神经损伤的较好选择.     

后路椎弓根RSS内固定系统治疗脊柱胸腰段爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤

目的：探讨脊柱胸腰段爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤的手术治疗效果及椎弓根RSS内固定系统在脊柱胸腰段爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤中的作用。方法：对30例脊柱胸腰段爆裂骨折患者合并脊髓损伤早期行后路切开复位椎弓根RSS内固定,其中11例行椎管切开减压,并对手术疗效进行评估。结果：30例患者术后随访9~21个月,平均17个月,总优良率86.5%。结论：后路椎弓根RSS内固定系在治疗脊柱胸腰段爆裂骨折合并脊髓损伤中疗效可靠。     

短节段椎弓根钉内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折

目的探讨短节段椎弓根钉内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折的适应证、方法,并评价其临床疗效。方法采用短节段椎弓根钉内固定、复位、植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折188例,并对有脊髓神经损伤的170例进行椎管减压。结果术后椎体前缘高度平均恢复50%,Cobb角平均改善20°。随访半年以上,神经功能恢复按Frankal分级,除A级恢复较差外,其余均恢复2级以上;植骨全部融合。结论采用短节段椎弓根钉内固定治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折,只要严格掌握适应症和手术方法,可以取得满意疗效。     

胸腰段椎体爆裂型骨折手术治疗体会

胸腰段椎体爆裂型骨折在临床工作中较常见,骨折通常累及脊柱的前、中柱,影响脊柱稳定性。同时,骨折块常进入椎管内压迫脊髓,引起脊髓前、后综合征。对无神经症状的行后路手术使椎体复位,椎弓根螺钉内固定并行后路植骨稳定脊柱;对有神     

下段脊柱Ⅳ°脱位骨折

收治胸腰段脊柱Ⅳ°脱位骨折患者9例,2例无脊髓神经损伤症状,8例在肌松下采用Harrington棒或改进的脊柱支撑器撑开复位,效果满意.完全脱位(Ⅳ°)而无脊髓神经损伤的机理是①伴有脱位椎和下位椎的椎板、椎弓骨折;②无锐利骨折片卡压;③脱位椎位于下段脊柱等.故强调早期复位,行Har-rington器械内固定和后路植骨融合,是使伤员早期康复的基本手段.     

多节段胸腰椎骨折38例的临床治疗分析

目的探讨应用椎弓根钉棒系统手术治疗多节段胸腰椎脊柱骨折的临床疗效.方法选择多节段胸腰椎脊柱骨折患者38例作为研究对象,先采取后路切开术,进行复位,再采用椎弓根钉棒系统行内固定,最后选择性实施椎管减压与外侧植骨融合术.结果平均随访3.5年,38例患者术后的Frankel分级评分较术前均有所增加,平均增加了1~2级.结论后路切开复位、椎弓根钉棒系统内固定基础上选择性椎管减压+植骨融合是治疗多节段胸腰椎脊柱骨折的理想选择.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.