护理研究中结构方程模型应用情况的元分析

利用元分析方法，从研究问题、研究方法、研究层面等方面，时国内外运用结构方程模型作为分析工具的护理研究进行了剖析，指出国内护理研究在结构方程模型应用方面存在的不足和研究空白．并探讨了今后的研究方向。     

验证治疗措施的公平——高质量研究促进高质量卫生保健（Ⅵ）

第5章临床研究：高质量研究，低质量研究和不必要的研究 前几章我们强调了为什么研究需要严格的设计并且必需解决关乎患者和公众的问题。只要做到了这些，即便没有出现预期的结果，我们仍会感到骄傲和满足，因为我们已经取得重大的认识并减少了不确定性。许多临床研究由于遵从了研究设计和报告标准而成为高质量研究。然而，由于各种原因，低质量的和不必要的研究仍在开展和发表。     

人体头颈部冲击的生物力学研究及有限元模拟

文章阐述了人体头颈部冲击生物力学研究的重要意义，介绍了冲击生物力学的基本概念和研究方法；其中，重点介绍了计算机模型，特别是有限元生物力学模型在人体头颈部结构研究和冲击模拟中的重要作用。同时详细介绍了目前国内外头颈部冲击生物力学以及有限元模型的研究情况，分析了目前在人体头颈部冲击有限元生物力学模型研究方面存在的问题，并提出了今后在人体头颈部冲击有限元生物力学模拟研究中所要进行的工作。     

护士人际冲突管理现状及影响因素的研究进展

文章归纳了护士人际冲突管理研究中的关键问题,指出了护士冲突管理方式及其影响因素研究的主要进展,讨论了不同因素对护士人际冲突管理方式的影响。在此基础上,对护士冲突管理的干预性研究及冲突管理对冲突发展影响的研究前景进行了展望。     

护理研究中结构方程模型应用情况的元分析

利用元分析方法.从研究问题、研究方法、研究层面等方面,对国内外运用蛄构方程模型作为分析工具的护理研究进行了剖析.指出国内护理研宛在结构方程模型应用方面存在的不足和研究空白,并探讨了今后的研究方向.     

护士职业人格特征的研究进展

通过对国内外相关研究文献的回顾,介绍了人格研究的发展历程。对护士职业人格研究的进展和研究中的不足进行了总结,并建议应当加大研究的系统性和协作性,加强干预性研究的力度,将研究成果指导实践工作以提高护士职业适应性。     

有关糖尿病的大型临床试验（五）

9中国大庆糖尿病预防20年研究2008年5月23日，国际著名医学杂志《柳叶刀》发布了关于“中国大庆糖尿病预防20年研究”的新闻。2008年6月9日，美国糖尿病学会（ADA）年会上，该研究主创人员中日友好医院内分泌科李光伟教授报告了“中国大庆糖尿病预防20年研究”成果。“中国大庆糖尿病预防20年研究”（以下简称“大庆研究”）是中国卫生部中日友好医院与大庆市第一医院共同完成的一项糖尿病长期预防研究。这项研究得到了中国卫生部，     

多中心预防压疮护理研究中的伦理学原则应用探讨

目的 探讨多中心预防压疮护理研究中面临的伦理学问题和伦理学原则的应用方法.方法 以多中心预防压疮护理研究项目为研究对象,以通过伦理审核和顺利完成研究为目标,拟定了分阶段研究路径,将伦理学“不伤害、有利、尊重和公正”的核心原则落实到准备和实施研究及研究完成后资料管理的每一个环节中.结果 研究项目顺利通过医学伦理委员会批准,12所医院按期顺利完成了研究,获得的资料为国内临床压疮预防和管理提供了准确有效的参考数据,达到了预期目标.结论 遵循伦理学原则有益于多中心研究方案的设计和完善,也有助于研究项目通过伦理学审核,对多中心研究过程也起到了很好的导向和把关作用.     

癌痛控制护理行为及其影响因素的研究进展

文章对癌痛控制护理行为的内涵、研究工具、研究现状以及影响因素进行了描述,指出了现行研究中的问题,以期为提升癌痛控制效果的进一步研究提供参考依据。     

中风后的身体恢复

综述了中风后身体恢复模式的实验研究,包括流行病学、身体恢复模式和预测功能结局等方面,并讨论了各研究的优缺点,提出了进一步的研究方向。     

Association between nurses' education about research and their research use

Knowledge about research methods, skills for critical appraisal of research reports, and a positive attitude towards research have been identified as means to potentially overcome barriers to individual nurses’ research utilization, and ultimately improve nursing practice. The objective of this study was to examine independent relationships between nurses’ education about research and research use and their attitudes towards research, knowledge about research and research utilization. Research utilization and attitude towards research were measured using the Edmonton Research Orientation Scale. One hundred and seventy-five nurses working in a pediatric hospital responded to the survey. Higher levels of education were associated with both (1) positive attitudes towards research and (2) higher levels of self-reported research utilization. Whether or not nurses had university education, completing a course about research design or a course about how to read and use research was associated with positive attitudes towards research. Having completed a course about how to read and use research was not associated with self-reported research utilization. The association between having completed a course about research design and self-reported research utilization was not independent of the association between level of education and research utilization. The findings indicate that education about research may be one way to overcome negative attitudes towards research as a barrier to research utilization.     

对我院11年护理科研状况的调查与分析

目的分析护理科研实施情况，探讨科学的科研管理方法。方法对我院近11年护理科研年度分布、课题来源、经费数目、研究内容、承担科室、第一负责人情况及获奖、论文和科技成果情况进行统计和分析。结果我院11年共开展121项护理科研，科研数目及经费逐渐增加；84．30％为专科护理研究；73.55％来源于重点科室；课题第一负责人以中级职称、大专学历、年龄36～45岁、工作年限11～20年的护理人员为主，74．38％为管理者，30人承担多项科研；科研获奖和发表论文数量逐渐增加；3项科研通过成果鉴定。结论护理管理者从多方面加强管理可促进护理科研进步，但仍需加强人才的培养，拓宽思路，不断提高护理科研能力。     

Ethical inquiry and the concept of research

The place of scholarly research in nursing has not been well studied. Ethical inquiry, as scholarly research, has been included in this neglect. The concept of ethics research is defended and new research approaches to ethics are outlined. Forms of ethics research identified are scholarly, empirical, and dual mode. Questions considered are: Is ethics research research? What are the forms of ethics research? What is the role of empiricism in ethics research? And what is the relationship of ethics research to the moral concerns of nursing? Ethics research explores the basic moral norms undergirding nursing research, practice, and education.     

护理人员科研能力与需求的调查分析

目的调查护理人员科研能力现状及科研需求,为进一步开展护理科研培训提供依据。方法2019年2月,采用便利抽样法对1030名护理人员进行问卷调查。结果临床护理人员科研能力得分为(43.86±20.81)分;89.61%临床护士觉得护理科研重要;89.52%护士认为有必要开展护理科研工作;87.38%护士表示开展护理科研主要困难是缺乏时间,而82.62%护士表示缺乏护理科研知识;75.34%护士表示目前获得科研知识最主要的途径是网络;分别有85.63%和71.75%护士希望参加专题培训班和讲座获得科研知识,而科研需求主要为如何进行科研设计和如何选题。结论临床护士科研能力有待提高,科研培训需求较强,临床护理管理者应重视护士科研知识的培训,提高护士的科研能力和水平。     

Increasing research evidence in practice: a possible role for the consultant nurse

AIMS: To determine the extent to which clinical nursing practice has adopted research evidence. To identify barriers to the application of research findings in practice and to propose ways of overcoming these barriers. BACKGROUND: Way back in 1976, nursing and midwifery practice started adopting research evidence. By 1990s, there was some transparency of research evidence in practice, but more could have been done to widen its adoption. Many barriers were identified which could hinder implementation of the evidence in practice, and the effort to remove these remains weak. EVALUATION: 25 research articles from across Europe and America were selected, and scrutinized, and recommendations analysed. FINDINGS: Many clinical practitioners report a lack of time, ability and motivation to appraise research reports and adopt findings in practice. The clinical environment was not seen as research friendly as there were a general lack of research activities and facilities locally. There was a clear lack of research leadership in practice. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: This paper reviewed the research evidence from several published research papers and provides consultant nurses with practical suggestions on how to enhance research evidence application in their practice. It recommends how consultant nurses can make their practice more research transparent by providing the required leadership, creating a research-friendly organization, developing a clear research agenda and facilitating staff develop a local research framework for reading research and implementing research evidence in their practice.     

日本护理教育研究方法分析

通过对日本护理教育研究相关文献的统计,分析了日本护理教育的研究方法具有研究方法的多样性和质性研究的有效性特点,提出中国护理教育应探索研究方法的突破,以提高教育研究的质量.     

Monitoring and oversight in critical care research

Institutionally based research ethics review is a form of peer review that has – for better or worse – become the norm throughout the world. The vast majority of research ethics review takes the form of protocol review alone, conducted in advance of the research. Although oversight and monitoring in clinical research have long been recognized as essential features of sound research ethics, they are seldom exercised in ways that fulfill their motivating goals: to ensure that research is conducted as planned; that research participants comprehend the information presented to them in the consent process; and that the potential benefits and risks of study participation remain acceptable. Annual review of continuing research, monitoring informed consent, monitoring adherence to approved protocols and monitoring integrity of research data comprise the main types of monitoring and oversight activity. We believe that our institutionally based systems of research ethics review and responsibility require greater engagement and participation from researchers and research administrators. The appropriate role of critical care researchers and research administrators is to provide leadership to move toward a greater recognition of the importance of monitoring and oversight for ethical and high quality clinical research.     

Barriers to paediatric nurses' research utilization

BACKGROUND: A number of studies have investigated barriers to research utilization among nurses in various countries, and standardized scales have been validated to study this. Reported barriers have been categorized as individual, organizational and environmental, with organizational characteristics generally accounting for more variance. However, information about research utilization among paediatric nurses is lacking. AIM: The objective of the research reported here was to investigate barriers to research utilization and relationships between those barriers and participation in research, self-reported research utilization and education among paediatric nurses. DESIGN: A survey of all nurses in a paediatric teaching hospital; 176 nurses (33.3%) responded. Two standardized measures were used, the Barriers Scale and the Edmonton Research Orientation Scale. RESULTS: Lack of time to read research was the most frequently cited barrier to using research and administrators not allowing implementation was the least frequently cited. Characteristics of the communication and of the setting were more likely to be cited as barriers to research use than were characteristics of the nurse. Nurses who reported higher levels of actual research use were slightly less likely to see characteristics within themselves as barriers. Those who had taken a course about reading or using research were more likely to see the organization as a barrier. Barriers to research use were not associated with self-reported understanding of research. CONCLUSIONS: These results are congruent with previous findings that implementing research in practice is a complex process. They indicate that individual nurses' knowledge about research may not be as important as the process by which organizations implement research. However, the Barriers Scale measures general perceptions about barriers to research utilization and not nurses' specific experiences with barriers to implementing particular research.     

Service user's actual involvement in mental health research practices: A scoping review

Service user involvement in mental health research is on the international political agenda, for example mirrored by an emphasis on user involvement in funding of research. The idea is that service users contribute with their lived experiences of mental distress to the research process and thereby heighten the quality and relevance of the research. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and evaluate empirical research of how mental health service users actually partake in collaborative research processes and to summarize this research in dialogue with mental health user‐researchers. The review included 32 studies. Main findings indicated that actual involvement of service user‐researchers in research processes encompassed a complex set of precarious negotiation practices, where academics and service user‐researchers were positioned and positioned themselves in alternative ways. The review accounts for how mental health service users were involved in collaborative research processes. The extracted themes concerned: (i) Expectations of research processes, (ii) Contribution to research processes, and (iii) Training and learning from research processes. The study reveals that collaborative research in mental health requires changes to traditional research practices to create and support genuine collaborative partnerships and thereby avoid tokenism and power inequalities.     

我院强化护理科研管理的实施方法与效果

目的 探讨有效的护理科研管理方法。方法 建立系统的护理科研管理体系，构建护理科研团队，开展系统的护理科研培训。结果 强化护理科研管理后，在统计源期刊发表的护理论文及开展护理课题明显增多。结论 改进护理科研管理模式，强化护理科研管理，可以有效促进护理科研工作的开展。