肺癌淋巴结转移规律的临床研究

目的 探讨原发性肺癌淋巴结转移频率,分布范围及特点,为广泛廓清提供依据。方法 按Ｎａｒｕｋｅ肺癌淋巴结分布图对３８６例肺癌病人施行了手术切除及广泛肺门、叶间及纵隔淋巴结廓清术。结果 清除淋巴结２６０３组,Ｎ１淋巴结转移率２０．１％,Ｎ２淋巴结转移率１６．２％。Ｔ１,Ｔ２,Ｔ３间淋巴结经差异非常显著。     

不同分子亚型乳腺癌与腋窝淋巴结转移的相关性分析

目的探讨乳腺癌不同分子亚型与腋窝淋巴结转移的关系。方法对127例乳腺癌患者进行分子分型,并对其腋窝淋巴结转移状态进行分析。结果 127例中Luminal A型50例,8例淋巴结转移,转移率为16.0%;Luminal B1型28例,16例淋巴结转移,转移率为57.1%;Luminal B2型15例,3例淋巴结转移,转移率为20.0%;HER-2过表达型25例,7例淋巴结转移,转移率为28.0%;Basal-like型9例,6例淋巴结转移,转移率为66.7%。结果显示,不同分子分型乳腺癌的腋窝淋巴结转移阳性率差异显著。结论根据乳腺癌的分子分型可以间接了解患者腋窝淋巴结的转移情况,或对腋窝淋巴结清扫术指征的制定提供帮助。     

Study of para-aortic lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer subjected to superextensive lymph node dissection

Para-aortic lymph nodes (n4), were dissected out to the technical extreme (superextensive lymph node dissection) from 129 gastric cancer cases, and were subjected to the histological study for metastasis. Following observations led us to the conclusions in reference to the significance of n4 node dissections on curability of surgery. 1) Among 25 cases with n4(+) metastasis n3 was free [n3(-)] in 11 cases (44.0%). 2) ps(+) cancer presented high rate of n4(+) (31.5%). 3) n4(+) occurred irrespective of the location of the cancer, with particularly high rate of occurrence among CMA and cancers. 4) The rate of the metastasized lymph nodes to the total number of the n4 lymph nodes, was found low (34.9%) in cases with n3(-), and high (90.1%) with n3(+). 5) The cumulative survival rate of the cases with n4(+) was found significantly high with n3(-), as compared to n3(+) cases. The lymphatic drainage from the stomach seems more direct and/or more abundant to the n4 than to the n3 nodes. Such observation coincides with our experience that the n4 nodes are involved in metastasis in earlier timing and in higher incidence than n3 nodes. These results warn the present evaluation of curability in which the n4 node dissection is not performed. It is our opinion that the thorough dissection extended to the n4 nodes (superextensive lymph node dissection) is warranted, particularly in order to improve the curability of n3(-)-n4(+) cases.     

Appropriate lymph node dissection for early gastric cancer based on lymph node metastases

BACKGROUND: Lymph node dissection in patients with early gastric cancer is controversial because lymph node metastases are much less common than in advanced cancer. Therefore, routine extensive lymph node dissection with wide resection of the stomach may be excessive, and an appropriate lymph node dissection procedure in patients with early gastric cancer should be established. METHODS: Retrospectively, 588 consecutive patients with early gastric cancer were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis to predict lymph node metastases with clinicopathologic variables. The sites and rates of lymph node metastases for each tumor location were mapped. RESULTS: In early gastric cancer, depth of invasion was an independent predictive factor of lymph node metastases. In cancer confined to the mucosa, however, tumor diameter was the only predictive factor. In contrast, tumor diameter, macroscopic appearance, and histologic type were not predictive factors in early gastric cancers invading the submucosa. In mucosal cancer, metastasis to lymph nodes was confined to the paragastric lymph nodes on the same side of the stomach as the tumor. In submucosal cancer, the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 2% to 17% in group 1 and 1% to 3% in group 2 lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: In mucosal cancer, lymph node dissection is unnecessary for tumors measuring less than 30 mm, and limited lymph node dissection with local gastrectomy is appropriate when tumor diameters are 30 mm or greater. In submucosal cancer, gastrectomy with dissection of group 1 and some group 2 lymph nodes should be sufficient to remove all nodal metastases.     

胰头癌淋巴转移特点的探索和影响的因素

目的 探索胰头癌淋巴回流途径和淋巴结转移的特点，初步分析胰头癌淋巴结转移的相关因素．以指导胰腺癌根治术中的淋巴结清扫。方法 21例胰头癌标本应用手术显微镜法寻找淋巴结，并进行详细的分组。分析各组淋巴结的转移频率和相互关系。分析肿瘤大小、肿瘤组织学类型、术前血清肿瘤标志物与淋巴结转移的关系。结果 21例胰头癌平均每例找到淋巴结37．7枚，证实17例伴有淋巴结转移。第13、14、12和8组转移频率较高。4例胰腺钩突肿瘤仪发生14组淋巴结转移而不伴13或17组淋巴结转移。4例16组阳性的淋巴结均为16bl亚组．主要分布于腹主动脉、下腔静脉、左。肾静脉围成的三角形区域内。淋巴结转移与肿瘤大小、肿瘤组织学类型无关。伴有淋巴结转移的病人术前血清中CA50、CA24-2明显升高。结论 在胰头癌根治性切除时．即使是局限于胰腺内的小胰癌也应作广泛的淋巴结清扫。胰腺钩突肿瘤尤其要注意肠系膜上动静脉周围的淋巴结清扫。清扫腹主动脉周围淋巴结重点应在腹主动脉、下腔静脉和左肾静脉构成的三角形区域内。术前血清中CA50、CA24-2明显升高的病人术中更应注重淋巴结的清扫。     

Appraisal of surgical resection of gallbladder cancer with special reference to lymph node dissection

BACKGROUND: Radical lymph node dissection in surgery for advanced gallbladder cancer is controversial. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of lymph node dissection based on the clinico-pathologic results. PATIENTS: Seventy-three patients who underwent radical surgery including systematic dissection of the N1+N2 region lymph node plus some of the para-aortic nodes were reviewed. RESULTS: pT1 patients had no lymph node metastasis, but pT2 and pT3/pT4 patients had lymph node metastasis at a rate of 50.0% (13/26) and 83.3% (25/30), respectively. As infiltration of the hepatoduodenal ligament (Binf) became severe, the rate and extent of lymph node metastasis increased. There were four 5-year survivors with lymph node involvement. The 5-year survival rates are 77.0% in pN0 cases and 27.3% in pN1 cases (P<0.01). There was no difference in survival between pN1 and pN2 patients. However, significant differences in survival were observed between pN0/1 and pN2/3 patients when these patients were limited to Binf0/1. Examination of the recurrence pattern showed that most patients with pN0/1/2 had no regional lymph node recurrence, but there was para-aortic lymph node recurrence in patients with pN3 outside the dissected region. Significant prognostic factors influencing survival after surgery by multivariate analysis were pN2/3, pT, and residual tumor. CONCLUSION: Systematic lymph node dissection of N1, N2, and part of the para-aortic region improves survival in advanced gallbladder cancer patients, especially in those without either para-aortic lymph node metastases or Binf2/3.     

乳腺癌前哨淋巴结活检对腋窝淋巴结转移的预警价值研究

目的探讨乳腺癌前哨淋巴结(sentinel lymph node,SLN)预警腋窝淋巴结转移的价值. 方法对56例乳腺癌行亚甲蓝前哨淋巴结定位、活检和腋窝淋巴结清扫术,标本常规行HE染色、免疫组化病理检查. 结果 SLN成功检出52例(52/56,92.8%),常规病理检查证实SLN转移22例;SLN无转移,但非SLN发现转移者1例,假阴性率为4.3%(1/23).常规病理检查无转移的29例患者,免疫组化检测发现1例CK-19( )、EMA( ),另1例CK-19( ),CEA( ),而所属非前哨淋巴结无肿瘤转移. 结论乳腺癌亚甲蓝前哨淋巴结定位、活检可以预示腋窝淋巴结转移.     

Study on extensive lymph node dissection: metastatic lymph nodes in papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

Bilateral cervical lymph node dissection was performed in 71 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma, considered to be relatively early cases because of mobility, irrespective of the size of tumor or presence of node enlargement. Of these, 33 cases received additional node dissection of the anterosuperior mediastinum through longitudinal sternotomy. The number of lymph nodes examined per subject averaged 89.9, the number of metastatic nodes was 13.8, and metastasis was noted in 88.7% of all cases. Lymph node metastasis tended to be more frequent on the affected side, but was simultaneously scattered over the whole cervical area. As to sites, metastasis of paratracheal nodes on the affected side occurred at a frequency of 66.2%, inferior and superior jugular nodes at 62.0% and 59.0% respectively, pretracheal nodes at 50.7%, and tracheoesophageal nodes at 47.9%. The high incidence of para- and pretracheal nodes suggests that the lymph flow in this direction is of great importance in metastasis. In fact, lymph nodes in the mediastinum, which were directly continuous with these nodes, showed as high as 39.4% metastasis in cases of anterosuperior mediastinal extirpation. This extensive node dissection is considered to be very preferable as at least the agony of survival with carcinoma can be lessened.     

Systemic mediastinal lymph node dissection of right lung cancer: surgical quality control and analysis of mediastinal lymph node metastatic patterns

Standardization of systemic mediastinal lymph node dissection (SMLD) of lung cancer requires further investigation. A consecutive 124 right lung cancer patients were recruited for pulmonary resection plus SMLD. Three mediastinal lymph node compartments, (i) the upper compartment (station 1-4), (ii) the middle compartment (station 7-8) and (iii) the lower compartment (station 9), were en bloc collected to achieve surgical quality control and to analyze mediastinal lymph node metastatic patterns. The number of total harvested lymph nodes, N1 nodes and N2 nodes were 21.9+/-8.7, 9.2+/-4.7 and 12.8+/-6.7, respectively. Tumor location (peripheral or central) (P=0.023) and status of blood vessel invasion (P=0.002) were identified as risk factors for nodal involvement. Right upper lobe (RUL) cancer with N2 disease primarily metastasized to the upper compartment (27.3%) (P=0.001). For right lower lobe (RLL) cancer, lymph node metastasis most commonly detected in the middle compartment (48.8%) (P=0.001). Single mediastinal compartment metastasis occurred in 64.7% (11/17) of adenocarcinomas from RUL and RML, whereas multiple compartments metastasis occurred in all adenocarcinoma cases (12/12) from RLL (P=0.001). SMLD needs to standardize the extent of lymphadenectomy and number of removed lymph nodes for surgical quality control. Simplifying mediastinal lymph node stations to three compartments may benefit surgical excision.     

喉返神经入喉处淋巴结对于甲状腺乳头状癌中央区淋巴结清扫的重要性

目的 探讨喉返神经入喉处淋巴结转移在甲状腺乳头状癌手术诊治中的临床意义。方法 对2016年4月至11月接受手术治疗的598例甲状腺乳头状癌病人的临床资料进行临床研究。在中央区淋巴结清扫术中,探查喉返神经入喉处淋巴结,并采用纳米活性炭进行辅助示踪。将入喉处淋巴结与中央区其他淋巴结进行病理检查,并观察术后并发症发生情况。结果 喉返神经入喉处淋巴结检出率为 5.85%(35/598) ,肿瘤转移率为2.51%。该处淋巴结检出中,15例有转移,20例未转移。该处淋巴结转移与多种危险因素有关,包括肿瘤直径、位置和数量,肿瘤数量为其独立影响因素。该处淋巴结阳性病人中,石蜡病理检查证实伴有其他中央区淋巴结转移14例（93.3%）。7例（1.2%）发生术后近期并发症。结论 甲状腺乳头状癌可能发生喉返神经入喉处淋巴结转移。完整的中央区淋巴结清扫术应清扫喉返神经入喉处区域淋巴结。     

进展期胃癌腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移规律及其清扫对临床结局的影响

目的 分析进展期胃癌腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移规律，评价该区域淋巴结清扫对临床结局的影响。方法 根据1994—2004年胃癌数据库资料，按1999年日本第13版胃癌规约的淋巴结清扫分类，行D3或D3^＋淋巴结清扫（D3组）共126例，分析其淋巴结转移的规律。从同一数据库中选择同一手术组施行D2手术的患者146例（D2组），对两组患者的临床结局进行比较。结果 16a2区及16b1区是No16淋巴结转移常见部位。腹主动脉周围淋巴结转移率T1为3、8％，T2为22、3％，T3为46．8％，T4为32．1％；腹膜播散阴性者其转移率为16、3％，腹膜播散阳性者则为69、5％；浆膜无侵犯者转移率为16．3％，浆膜侵出阳性者则为69．5％。D2和D3组患者手术死亡各2例，并分别有4例和6例出现并发症（P〉0、05）。D3组No16淋巴结转移3枚以下与4枚以上者与D2清扫组的平均生存期、中位生存及生存率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；胃癌D3与D2手术后Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ。期、Ⅲb期、Ⅳ期患者平均生存期、中位生存及生存率曲线比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论 胃癌淋巴结转移率与肿瘤侵犯深度和浆膜侵出程度密切相关。腹主动脉周围淋巴结清扫可以提高No16转移淋巴结在3枚以内和阴性患者的5年生存率。     

进展期胃下部癌No.14v淋巴结转移的危险因素

目的探讨进展期胃下部癌No.14v淋巴结转移的危险因素。方法分析2013年1月至2016年12月247例胃下部癌病人的临床资料,所有病人均行胃癌D2+No.14v淋巴结切除术。记录病人的一般资料、各组淋巴结检出数目及阳性数目,分析No.14v淋巴结转移的危险因素。结果247例共检出淋巴结11 837枚(16~107枚/例),平均(47.92±15.11)枚/例。179例有淋巴结转移,总体淋巴结转移率为72.47%。共获取No.14v淋巴结716枚(1~9枚/例),平均(2.90±1.43)枚/例。247例中No.14v淋巴结转移19例,转移率为7.69%。No.14v淋巴结转移与性别、肿瘤侵犯深度、分化程度、Laurén分型及Borrmann分型不相关(P0.05),与肿瘤大小、部位、pTNM分期以及No.4和No.6淋巴结转移相关(P0.05)。结论进展期胃下部癌病人,原发灶位于胃大弯侧、肿瘤最大径≥4 cm,以及怀疑No.4或No.6淋巴结转移,是No.14v淋巴结转移的危险因素。     

The indication for lymph node dissection around abdominal aorta in gastric cancer

In 77 cases with gastric cancer, for which lymph node dissection around the left renal vein was performed in the past 5 years, the sites and routes of metastasis were investigated to determine the indication for dissection around the left renal vein. The rate of metastasis to the lymph nodes around the left renal vein was 23.4%. The typical routes of metastasis were 1) the left lower phrenic route, 2) via the splenic artery, 3) via the celiac artery, 4) via the superior mesenteric artery and 5) the postpancreatic route. Dissection was considered to be indicated for the patient with N2 or more distant lymph node involvement and for cases with carcinoma of the upper part of the stomach or whole stomach with N2 positive lymph node. It was also indicated for N3(+) cases or No. 9(+) cases of carcinoma of the middle and lower parts of the stomach. Needless to say the absence of other non curative factors is required.     

进展期胃癌第14v组淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

目的探讨影响进展期胃癌第14v组淋巴结转移的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2007年1月至2011年12月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的170例进展期胃癌患者的临床资料。所有患者行胃癌D2＋第14v组淋巴结清扫手术治疗,并经病理检查确诊为腺癌。记录患者的一般资料,收集手术切除标本详细记录各组淋巴结检出数目及阳性数目。影响第14v组淋巴结转移的临床病理因素的单因素分析及多因素分析采用二元Logistic回归模型,第14v组淋巴结转移与区域淋巴结转移相关性分析采用二元Logistic回归分析。结果170例患者共获取第14v组淋巴结459枚,平均每例患者2．7枚（1—17枚）;共检出阳性淋巴结55枚,平均每例患者1．7枚（1～3枚）。单因素分析结果显示：第14v组淋巴结转移与肿瘤根治程度、肿瘤直径、肿瘤淋巴结转移（N分期）、肿瘤远处转移（M分期）相关。进一步分析发现：肿瘤％切除、肿瘤直径≤4cm、NO期、M0期的进展期胃癌患者比较,肿瘤R,或R：切除、肿瘤直径〉4cm、N2期、N3期、M1期的患者更易发生第14v组淋巴结转移（OR=3．899,2．646,19．231,33．929,5．000,95％可信区间：1．111—13．677,1．075～6．516,2．333—158．548,4．310—267．112,1．617—15．464,P〈0．05）。多因素分析结果显示：N分期是影响进展期胃癌患者第14v组淋巴结转移的独立危险因素,与N0期患者比较,N2、N3期患者更容易发生第14v组淋巴结转移（OR=15．248,26．287,95％可信区间：1．811—128．386,3．244—213．034,P〈0．05）。区域淋巴结转移与第14v组淋巴结转移的相关分析结果表明：第4sb、4d、5、6、7、8a、9、11p、12a、16组淋巴结转移与第14v组淋巴结转移相关（OR=3．923,3．335,2．693,5．641,3．100,4．203,3．655,3．660,3．838,17．400,95％可信区间：1．264～12．177,1．425～7．807,I．149—6．312,2．126～14．965,1．311～7．330,1．735～10．185,1．395～9．582,1．331～10．666,1．086—13．571,2．707—111．837,P〈0．05）。结论N分期是第14v组淋巴结转移的独立危险因素,上游淋巴结中第6组淋巴结状态是预测第14v组淋巴结转移的最佳淋巴结指标。     

规范化区域淋巴结清扫在胰头癌胰十二指肠切除术中的临床意义

目的 探讨规范化区域淋巴结清扫在胰头癌胰十二指肠切除术(PD)中的临床意义.方法 对2008 年1 月至2010 年10 月收治的48 例胰头癌患者施行在常规whipple 基础上进行规范化区域淋巴结清扫.采用JPS 的淋巴结分组标准,规范化区域淋巴结清扫的重点清扫肝总、肝固有动脉周围所有淋巴结(8a,8p)、腹腔干周围淋巴结(9)、肝十二指肠韧带区所有淋巴结(12abp)、胰十二指肠后的淋巴结(13a、13b)、从SMA 开口至胰十二指肠下动脉(IPDA)间的SMA 右侧的淋巴结(14abcd)及胰十二指肠前的淋巴结(17a、17b)、腹腔干至肠系膜下动脉(IMA)间的腹主动脉与下腔静脉前面的淋巴结(16a2、16b1)并包含Gerota 筋膜.结果 48 例胰腺癌患者施行规范化区域淋巴结清扫,术中常规行胰腺、胆管断面检查,证实无癌残留.2 例患者肠系膜上静脉部分切除并血管重建,术后多脏器功能衰竭死亡1 例.并发少量胰瘘2 例,发生胃瘫1 例,切口感染3 例,急性左心衰1 例,均治愈.48 例患者累计清扫淋巴结716 个,平均每例14.9 个.其中有20 例(41.6%)发生淋巴结转移,其中以胰十二指肠后(13a、13b)(14/48)29.1%、肠系膜上动脉周围淋巴结缔组织(14abcd) (8/48)16.7%发生率最高;N1 阳性(8/20,40.0%),N2 阳性(6/20,30.0%),N3 阳性(6/20,30.0%).结论 规范化区域淋巴结清扫可以有效清扫区域内更多淋巴结和后腹膜组织,同时没有增加其手术的死亡率和并发症.     

T1、T2肺鳞癌及腺癌淋巴结转移特点及其临床意义

目的研究T1、T2肺鳞及腺癌淋巴结转移频度、分布范围及特点,为广泛清扫提供依据。方法按Naruke肺癌淋巴结分布图对254例T1、T2肺鳞癌及腺癌施行了手术切除及广泛肺内、叶间及纵隔淋巴结清扫术并对其进行统计分析。结果清除淋巴结1685组。N1淋巴结转移率20．0％,N2淋巴结转移率为10．2％。T1、T2间淋巴结转移率差异有非常显著性意义(P<0．01)。T1鳞癌无N2转移,N2转移在鳞癌、腺癌分别为22．0％和40．9％,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0．01)。64．3％的鳞癌为某1组N2转移,腺癌≥3组转移占46．2％,跳跃式转移占N2转移的57．5％。N2阳性上叶肺癌下纵隔转移占13．6％,N2阳性的下叶肺癌上纵隔转移占51．6％。结论随着瘤体增大,淋巴结转移频度增加,腺癌比鳞癌淋巴结转移更加活跃,任何部位的肺癌都可跨区域纵隔转移。除T1鳞癌外,只有广泛清扫同侧肺内及纵隔淋巴结才能达到根治。     

T1、T2肺鳞癌及腺癌淋巴结转移特点及其临床意义

目的 研究Ｔ１、Ｔ２肺鳞及腺癌淋巴结转移频度、分布范围及特点,为广泛清扫提供依据。方法 按Ｎａｒｕｋｅ肺癌淋巴结分布图对２５４例Ｔ１、Ｔ２肺鳞癌及腺癌施行了手术切除及广泛肺内、叶间及纵阴淋巴结清扫术并对其进行统计分析。结果 清除淋巴结１６８５组。Ｎ１淋巴结转移率２０．０％,Ｎ２淋巴结转移率为１０．２％。Ｔ１、Ｔ２间淋巴结转移率差异有非常显著性意义（Ｐ〈０．０１）。Ｔ１鳞癌无Ｎ２转移,Ｎ２转移在鳞癌     

进展期胃癌D2根治术中第14v组淋巴结清扫的意义

目的探讨进展期胃癌行D：根治术时第14v组淋巴结清扫的必要性。方法回顾性分析2003至2007年间天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的131例行胃癌根治术（D2或D2＋）并同时加行第14v组淋巴结清扫的胃癌患者的临床病理资料,分析影响第14v组淋巴结转移的临床病理因素以及第14v组淋巴结转移与预后的关系。结果131例患者中24例（18．3％）有第14v组淋巴结转移。原发灶部位、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结分期、TNM分期、第1、6、8a组淋巴结转移与第14v组淋巴结转移有关（均P〈0．05）;其中原发灶部位和淋巴结分期是影响第14v组淋巴结转移的独立因素（均P〈0．05）。第14v组淋巴结转移和未转移患者5年生存率分别为8．3％和37．8％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。多因素预后分析证实。第14v组淋巴结转移是影响进展期胃癌D：根治术后生存的独立危险因素（P=-0．029,RR=1．807,95％CI：1．064-3．070）。结论对于进展期胃中下部癌．尤其是肿瘤体积较大、浆膜受侵犯、第6组淋巴结可疑转移的患者,第14v组淋巴结清扫是必要可行的。     

进展期胃癌胰头后淋巴结清扫的必要性

目的 探讨进展期胃癌胰头后淋巴结（No.13组）清扫的必要性和可行性.方法 收集2007年1月至2009年12月间,南昌大学第一附属医院接受D2根治术加No.13组淋巴结清扫的72例Ⅱ～Ⅲ期胃癌患者（研究组）的临床资料.按照与研究组1∶1配对方式选择同期行D2根治术的72例Ⅱ～Ⅲ期胃癌作为对照组.比较两组术中、术后及生存情况,并对影响No.13组淋巴结转移的因素进行分析.结果 两组患者手术时间[（2.8±0.4）h比（2.7±0.4）h]、术中出血量[（191.9±81.5） ml比（186.0±81.7） ml]、术后并发症发生率（18.1％比15.3％）、住院时间[（12.3±4.2）d比（11.9±3.2）d]以及术后3年生存率（63％比57％）的差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）.研究组有15例（20.8％）患者No.13组淋巴结阳性,其3年生存率为13％,明显低于57例No.13组淋巴结阴性患者的73％ （P＜0.05）.多因素分析结果显示,淋巴结N分期（P＜0.01）和组织学类型（P＜0.05）是影响No.13组淋巴结转移的独立因素.结论 对TNMⅡ～Ⅲ期胃癌患者进行No.13组淋巴结清扫是必要且安全可行的.     

肾癌区域淋巴结转移的临床分析

目的 了解肾癌区域淋巴结转移的临床特点及发生发展规律,提高对本病的诊治效果.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2008年12月19例肾癌伴有区域淋巴结转移患者的资料.男15例,女4例.年龄29～77岁,中位年龄57岁.肿瘤位于左肾12例,右肾7例.腹膜后肿大淋巴结最大径1.5～5.0 cm,中位数2.8 cm,其中4例影像学检查未发现肿大淋巴结,术中探查证实.行腹膜后肿大淋巴结切除11例,区域淋巴结清扫8例.结果 肾癌发生区域淋巴结转移占同期收治肾癌的1.6%(19/1213).术后19例均获随访,随访时间8～78个月,中位数34个月.无瘤生存6例,带瘤生存7例,死亡6例,5年生存率68.4%.腹膜后区域淋巴结清扫组与肿大淋巴结切除组生存期及术后复发转移率比较差异均无统计学意义(P=0.644;P=0.319).结论 肾癌发生单纯区域淋巴结转移少见,术前影像学可能漏诊,部分患者通过区域淋巴结清扫或肿大淋巴结切除可获得无瘤生存.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the characteristics of renal cell carcinoma with regional lymph node metastasis at diagnosis. Methods The data of 19 patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma with regional lymph node metastases at diagnosis from January 2004 to December 2008 were reviewed.The median age was 57 years (29-77).The study group included 15 males and four females.The primary tumor was located in the left kidney in 12 patients and fight in seven patients.The median maximam diameter of retroperitoneal lymph nodes was 2.8 cm(1.5-5.0).The lymph nodes in four patients were not detected by the preoperative image examination,but were confirmed by intraoperative exploration.Eleven cases had enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes resected and eight had regional lymph nodes dissected. Results The patients with regional lymph node metastases at diagnosis of renal celI carcinoma accounted for 1.6% (19/1213) of the total renal cell carcinoma cases.With a median follow-up of 34 months,six patients were survival without progression,and seven were survival with progression.giving a 5-year survival rate of 68.4%.The survival and recurrence rates after surgery were not significantly different by Fisher test(P=0.644 and 0.319 respectively) between the patients who underwent retroperitoneal regional lymph node dissection and those who underwent enlarged lymph node resection. Condmiom Renal cell carcinoma with regional lymph node metastasis at diagnosis is uncommon.Some patients may achieve long-term tumor-free survival through regional lymph node dissection or enlarged Iymph nodes resection.