优秀运动员血清睾酮和皮质醇激素水平在长期运动训练中的变化

以~(125)Ⅰ固相放射免疫方法连续3年测定了83名优秀运动员血清睾酮和皮质醇激素的基础水平。在多年训练过程中。优秀运动员的睾酮、皮质醇激素的基础水平基本不变。女举重和投掷运动员的睾酮水平显著高于其它项目运动员(P<0.05)。在周期性训练过程中,皮质醇激素水平与运动负荷呈平行变化,提示皮质醇激素可作为监督训练负荷、改进训练方法的生理指标。     

我国优秀运动员血清睾酮水平及运动对血清睾酮的作用

为了解运动员雄性激素代谢的特点和不同运动负荷对雄性激素代谢的影响,并寻求雄激素代谢与运动能力之间可能存在的关系,作者对255名我国最优秀运动员进行了血清睾酮安静值的普查,并对6名体育学院4年级学生进行了短时间最大无氧运动和长时间有氧运动两种负荷后血清睾酮变化的观察。     

唾液中睾酮、皮质醇的放射免疫分析

唾液中睾酮、皮质醇的放射免疫分析国家体委体育科学研究所（北京１０００６１）陈碧英，陈平为了寻找一种无创伤、无应激反应干扰、易为运动员接受，并适用于现场取样来测定运动员体内激素含量的方法，本文采用了放射免疫双抗体技术，对１４名受试者的唾液样品作了准确度...     

青春期少儿运动员血清睾酮水平及其相关因素多元线性回归分析的研究

测定了117名青春发育期少儿运动员和普通学生血清睾酮的基础值,并抽取其中60名少儿运动员拍摄手部X光片,就血清睾酮水平及性别、年龄、骨龄—生活年龄差值、发育程度、训练年限等因素的内在关系进行分析。研究结果表明.少儿运动员血清睾酮基础值明显高于普通学生;血睾酮水平与青春期运动员性别、年龄、骨龄、发育程度之间存在着密切关系。这些特征的揭示可供优秀运动员选材训练工作中参考。     

散手运动员血清睾酮变化及其与训练水平的关系

为了探讨散手运动员不同训练水平与血清睾酮变化的关系 ,选择专业水平较高的运动员和普通散手运动员 ,分别采用多时点在安静和急性空击训练后即刻测试 ,观察血清睾酮值的变化 ,经Minnesota余弦法统计处理 ,结果表明 ,血清睾酮值在急性空击练习后即刻、安静状态下专业组显著高于普通组 ,运动后睾酮差值、血清睾酮中值和95 %置信区间振幅等指标专业组显著高于普通组。结论 :血睾酮值变化与训练水平、训练强度及取样时间关系密切 ,可作为散手项目训练监控、训练水平评价和选材的重要指标。     

用放射免疫法直接测定唾液睾酮

本研究建立了用测定血清睾酮的放免药盒直接测定唾液睾酮的方法。本法测定过程简单,样品无需提取,平均回收率为95.2%,批内和批间变异系数分别为10.8%和15%;最低可测浓度为6.5pg/ml。对40名健康男女运动员配对测定唾液睾酮和血清睾酮表明两者相关性很好(r=0.9068,P<0.001)。对两名健康成年男女不同天24小时唾液睾酮测定表明唾液睾酮具有明显的周期性节律。     

训练对血清睾酮、皮质醇与促卵泡激素水平的影响

测定7名游泳运动员在训练期前、训练1.5个月后、训练2.5个月后的血清睾酮、皮质醇及FSH。发现:在整个训练期,血清睾酮水平呈上升趋势,而血清皮质醇、FSH水平明显下降,睾酮/皮质醇比值明显增加。     

青少年运动员血清性激素水平及其与第二性特征的关系

采用Ｉ~（１２５）放射免疫法测定了５６４名青少年运动员的血清性激素、皮质醇激素和生长激素水平。测定结果：发育过程中运动员性激素水平逐渐增长，而且与第二性特征的发育密切相关。和对照组相比，男运动员和成年女运动员睾酮水平有偏低的倾向。优秀运动员的血睾水平有宽大的正常值范围。对于运动能力的提高，睾酮水平的维持能力和睾酮激素受体水平可能比睾酮水平本身更加重要。睾丸体积和睾酮水平仅在１１－１４岁密切相关，所以依睾丸体积选择少年运动员，可能主要选择的是发育程度，而不是成年时高水平的睾酮值。     

局部注射糖皮质激素对运动员血清睾酮值的影响(附2例报告)

采用糖皮质激素对受伤运动员进行局部封闭治疗 ,是运动队中治疗运动创伤的常用方法 ,并能取得良好的效果 ,但也会产生一定的负作用。而注射后对血清睾酮值的影响却鲜见报道 ,笔者在对运动员进行机能检测过程中偶然发现注射糖皮质激素类药物康宁克通后引起运动员血清睾酮值下降的情况 ,先后有 7例运动员出现这种情况 ,在注射糖皮质激素后前几天血清睾酮值下降明显 ,并持续一段时间 ,经进一步检测验证了这一现象 ,现报告如下 :1　病例资料例 1 :石×× ,男 ,2 1岁 ,举重运动员 ,世界冠军 ,2 0 0 1年 2月 1 7日 1 9∶0 0因单侧手腕疼痛要求封闭…     

不同季节对运动员血清睾酮、皮质醇含量的影响

采用放射免疫法分别测定浙江省省队划船 (男 134人次 ,女6 8人次 )、游泳 (男 10 7人次 ,女 5 3人次 )运动员 6月— 8月和 12月—次年 2月血清睾酮 (Ｔ)、皮质醇 (Ｃ)的含量 ,观察季节对血清Ｔ、Ｃ的影响。结果显示 ,男子划船运动员 6月— 8月血清Ｔ含量为5 82±12 3ｎｇ/ｄ1,明显低于 12月—次年 2月的含量 70 3± 15 4ｎｇ/ｄ1(ｐ <0 0 1) ,而血清Ｃ含量为 2 3 5± 4 7μｇ/ｄ1,较 12月—次年 2月的 2 0 3±3 9μｇ/ｄ1高 (ｐ<0 0 5 ) ,女子划船运动员 6月— 8月血清Ｃ含量为 2 2 7± 2 1μｇ/ｄ1,较 12月—次年 2月的含量 19 4±3 2…     

运动员血清中黄体生成素生物活性与免疫活性的研究

对２８名普通男大学生，１４名男竞走运动员和２０名男短跑运动员安静状态的血清免疫活性黄体生成素（ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ）、生物活性黄体生成素（Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ）及睾酮水平进行了测试，并分析了１４名男子足球运动员急性运动前、后Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ，ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ和睾酮的变化。结果表明：（１）三组受试者Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ与ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ呈正相关，三组之间的Ｂ／Ｉ比值和睾酮水平均无显著性差异，表明他们的垂体－性腺轴的分泌功能状况基本一致。（２）竞走运动员的ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ明显高于其他两组，而Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ无显著性差异。提示：把Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ和ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ结合起来。能更客观地评价ＬＨ的水平。（３）急性运动后，Ｂｉｏ－ＬＨ明显升高，而ＲＩＡ－ＬＨ变化不明显，表明运动使ＬＨ的成分发生改变。（４）急性运动后血清睾酮的升高，可能与ＬＨ生物活性升高有关。     

耐力性运动对锌、铜代谢的影响

本文的研究提示运动员经历一次马拉松比赛及长期高强度冬季系统训练后可以导致血清锌、铜水平及尿锌、铜排出量的改变。大白鼠一次衰竭性游泳运动试验也证实,运动可以导致肝脏、肌肉中的锌、铜含量呈增加趋势。     

Reproductive function in men following exposure to chemical warfare with sulphur mustard

To investigate the acute and chronic effects in young men of exposure to chemical warfare containing mustards, the time course of changes in serum concentrations of total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DS), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin was evaluated in 16 men in the first three months and testicular function in 42 men one to three years after injury. Serum total and free testosterone and DS were markedly decreased in the first five weeks after exposure. The lowest values were: total testosterone 237 ± 165, free testosterone 22.5 ± 9.7, DS 39 ± 25; as compared to controls: total testosterone 773 ± 245 ng/dl, free testosterone 35.5 ± 11.2 pg/ml and DS 207 ± 37 μg/dl. FSH, LH, prolactin and 17a‐OH progesterone were normal in the first week. The response to GnRH was subnormal in four of five subjects. LH increased by the third and FSH and prolactin by the fifth week. All hormone levels had returned to normal by twelfth week after exposure.

In 28 of 42 men seen one to three years following injury, sperm count was below 30 million cells/ml, and FSH was increased as compared to men with sperm above 60 million cells/ml. Testicular biopsy showed complete or relative arrest of spermatogenesis.

This study demonstrates that the exposure to sulphur mustard results in very low androgen levels and hypo‐responsiveness to GnRH in the first five weeks and normalization by the twelfth week after injury. However, side effects of mustard on sperm cells persist and may cause defective spermatogenesis years after exposure.     

雄性无隐睾尾部悬吊大鼠及其心肌功能

为防止大鼠尾部悬吊期间，睾丸滑入腹腔造成隐睾症，建立了无隐睾雄性尾部悬吊大鼠模型。结果表明：Ｅ凤沟管环缩术，可有效地防止睾丸滑入腹腔，且不影响睾丸的形态与功能。尾部悬吊４周大鼠睾丸重量与血清睾酮含量明显降低，无隐睾悬吊组（ＳＴ）的睾丸重量与血清睾酮水平变下降，但其均介于对照组与悬吊组之间。光镜观察发现悬吊组睾丸组织的曲精细管均明显萎缩，精原细胞退化与坏死，数量明显减少，曲精细管内精子数量减少，但Ｓ     

Le questionnaire de surentraînement – corrélations avec le cortisol et la testostérone dans le cadre du suivi d'une équipe de haut niveau en rugby

Aim. – Determine the tiredness level by the mean of a questionnaire developed by the French Society for Sports Medicine, and to correlate the questionnaire results with salivary cortisol and testosterone levels examined in 21 male rugby players two time during the sport season (T1 and T2).Results. – The score obtained with the questionnaire rose significantly between T1 and T2 (from 7.9 ± 2.5 to 11.9 ± 3.2). The high-intensity training program and competition induced a significant increase in C and decrease in T values during the season. The best correlations between the score and the salivary hormonal rates were found at 8 a.m. Thus, the cortisol and salivary testosterone rates used as marker of tiredness are to consider preferably at 8 a.m.     

缺锌对运动训练大鼠血清和睾丸睾酮及锌水平的影响

为探讨缺锌对运动能力影响的机制，本研究通过建立大鼠缺锌模型和跑台训练模型，观察缺锌对运动训练大鼠血清和睾丸睾酮及锌水平的影响。结果显示：缺锌引起训练和未训练大鼠体重、身长增长缓慢，身体瘦弱，跑台训练及运动中，主动性差，不愿奔跑，表现出缺锌对运动意识和能力的影响。锌缺乏大鼠血清和睾丸睾酮及锌含量显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。运动训练引起锌缺乏大鼠睾丸重量减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。７５％ＶＯ＿（２ｍａｘ）强度运动后即刻，锌充足大鼠血清锌水平显著上升，而锌缺乏大鼠血清锌显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果表明，缺锌引起机体睾酮水平下降，可能籍此影响运动能力。缺锌状况下训练将加速睾丸的萎缩。运动后血清锌的变化与机体锌营养状况有关。     

Serum testosterone, body composition, and strength of young adults.

The relationship between serum testosterone (ST), body composition, and static strength was studied in 26 college females and 16 male college football players. In addition, the transient effect of weight training on ST was studied in 10 college males (5 skilled and 5 unskilled weight trainers), 12 male high school students, and 5 female college students. ST, measured by radioimmunoassay, ranged from 333.7 to 848.1 ng/100 ml in males, and from 32.8 to 121.5 n/100 ml in females. The high school subjects had significantly lower levels of ST. Correlations between serum testosterone, body composition (measured by densitometry), and static strength (grip and backlift) were nonsignificant in males and females. Comparisons of subjects with the highest and lowest levels of testosterone within each sex showed no significant differences in strength or body composition. Serum testosterone increased 111.4 +/- 96.l ng/100 ml (X +/- SX) following a weight training session in the male college group, but failed to increase in the college females or high school males. There were no significant differences in testosterone increases between the skilled and unskilled male weight trainers. Maximal exertion may be necessary for an increase in serum testosterone to occur. Lack of an increase in testosterone by high school males or college females may have been due to a submaximal effort during the weight training exercise.     

Four months of combined and compound morning training improves testosterone/cortisol ratio,adiponectin and insulin resistance in male students

Purpose

The aim of the study was to assess whether combined and compound morning training (CCMT) can improve hormonal and metabolic profiles in healthy male students.

Methods

Eighty-three male students were randomly put into two groups: experimental (n = 42) and control (n = 41). The experimental group participated in the selected (aerobic, balance, resistance and stretch) exercises with moderate intensity for 16 weeks, four sessions per week, a 40 min workout in the morning. Salivary testosterone and cortisol, serum adiponectin, insulin and lipid profile were determined in both groups before and after the intervention.

Results

Four months of training caused an increase in testosterone (85 ± 9.4 vs. 93 ± 9.7 pg/ml), adiponectin (11.35 ± 2.00 vs. 12.86 ± 1.97 ng/ml) and testosterone/cortisol ratio (0.006 ± 0.003 vs. 0.009 ± 0.004), as well as a reduction in cortisol (16.3 ± 6.15 vs. 12.4 ± 4.85 ng/ml) and insulin resistance (2.15 ± 0.52 vs. 1.79 ± 0.34), for the experimental as compared to their baseline data (P value <0.001). Furthermore, a moderate correlation between testosterone and adiponectin was revealed (r = 0.31, P value = 0.04).

Conclusions

This new training strategy successfully and meaningfully improved hormonal and metabolic parameters. The research proposed that CCMT can promote anabolic pathways. Favourably, the programme could be considered as a testosterone enhancer and cortisol reducer simultaneously.

     

肺结核患者血清纤维指标检测的临床意义

目的探讨肺结核患者血清纤维指标变化的临床意义。方法采用放免法检测82例肺结核病人及40例健康体检者的血清透明质酸(HA)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)含量。结果肺结核患者血清Ⅲ型前胶原和血清Ⅳ型胶原非常显著升高(P<0.01);血清层粘连蛋白显著升高(P<0.05)。结论检测血清纤维指标对肺结核患者肺纤维化的动态观察和早期诊断具有重要意义。