西安地区恒牙早期Ⅲ类错颅面类型构成分析

目的：分析西安地区恒牙早期Ⅲ类错颅面类型的构成。方法：以本院正畸科2003～2008年恒牙早期Ⅲ类错患者为研究对象,采用计算机辅助X线头影测量技术,分析恒牙早期Ⅲ类患者在矢状向与垂直向的构成。结果：恒牙早期Ⅲ类错矢状向主要表现形式为双颌发育基本正常或上颌正常,下颌发育过度。垂直向主要表现为均角型。低角型、高角型差异不显著。交叉分析显示：上下颌均发育正常的均角型患者和上颌正常,下颌发育过度的均角型患者最多见;其次是上颌发育不足,下颌正常的均角型患者。结论：恒牙早期Ⅲ类错在矢状向与垂直向均表现出一定的趋势,分析与研究这类错的构成加深了对西安地区Ⅲ类错患者颅面类型的认识,并对临床上合理矫治提供一定的参考。     

Lateral root dilaceration: a multi-disciplinary approach to treatment

Abstract This Case report illustrates the importance of coordinating various dental specialties in the successful treatment of the traumatized patient. The patient sustained multiple traumatic injuries to the anterior maxilla in the primary and permanent dentition stages of development. Orthodontic considerations involved in this case included an unerupted maxillary right central incisor with dilaceration of its root, severe malocclusion, and compromised esthetics. Endodontic concerns were directed toward the traumatized primary and permanent maxillary incisors with subsequent devitalization of the maxillary right permanent central incisor and calcification of the maxillary left permanent incisor. Oral surgery, oral pathology and general dentistry were also involved throughout the course of treatment.     

Two-stage treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion during the early permanent dentition.

A patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion was treated in 2 phases during the early permanent dentition. In phase 1, maxillary protraction was combined with rapid palatal expansion; in phase 2, fixed appliances were placed. The results were good posttreatment, and, 1 year later, a favorable growth tendency could be observed. This report shows that treatment for a patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion can be started in the early permanent dentition, with very good final results.     

Orthodontic treatment for an adolescent with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia

This case report describes the treatment of a Class I malocclusion that involved ectopic position of the maxillary permanent left canine and the mandibular permanent right second molar. The patient was an adolescent who presented with a medical history that was remarkable for diagnosis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Dental history was remarkable for significant, generalized shortened roots that were more severe in the mandibular arch. The treatment included fixed appliance therapy in the maxillary arch only and surgical luxation of the mandibular second molar. Successful integration of the maxillary permanent left canine was accomplished without excessive flaring of the maxillary permanent incisors or disruption of the buccal segment occlusion. The risk of external root resorption on teeth with abnormal root morphology, as a result of fixed appliance therapy, should be weighed against the relative benefits that are expected from treatment.     

Class II, Division 1 vertical pattern

The treatment of a skeletal Class II, Division 1 malocclusion in the early permanent dentition is described. The patient had a vertical facial pattern and lower arch crowding; four premolars were extracted. Although some anchorage was lost in the maxillary arch and the face developed in a predominantly vertical direction, the final result demonstrated a well-balanced and pleasing profile.     

Interdisciplinary treatment of Class III malocclusion: a case report

The case report describes the multidisciplinary treatment of a 25-year-old male patient with a Class III malocclusion. Anterior and bilateral posterior crossbites were present. To correct the posterior crossbite a surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion was performed. The significant three dimensional skeletal discrepancy was solved in a second phase with a surgical advancement of the maxilla. Functional and aesthetic occlusion in an improved facial profile was achieved with an interdisciplinary treatment that included orthodontic treatment, maxillofacial and periodontal surgery, and direct composite restorations.     

Orthodontic treatment of an impacted dilacerated maxillary incisor: a case report

Dilaceration is one of the causes of permanent maxillary incisor eruption failure. It is a developmental distortion of the form of a tooth that commonly occurs in permanent incisors as result of trauma to the primary predecessors whose apices lie close to the permanent tooth germ. We present a case of post-traumatic impaction of a dilacerated central maxillary left incisor in a young patient with a class II malocclusion.     

Long-term outcome in a patient with Class I malocclusion with severe crowding treated without extractions.

The treatment of a patient with a Class I malocclusion with significant skeletal transverse maxillary discrepancy and severe crowding is presented. The maxilla was narrow compared with the mandible, and the posterior teeth were compensated, with the maxillary teeth inclined buccally and the mandibular teeth inclined lingually. Treatment included rapid palatal expansion to correct the transverse maxillary deficiency and to gain arch length. Long-term follow-up (20 years) with a stable result is reported.     

Skeletal Class III Malocclusion with Unilateral Congenitally Missing Maxillary Incisor Treated by Maxillary Protractor and Edgewise Appliances

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of a 10-year-old female patient with a combination of Angle Class III malocclusion, a missing maxillary right lateral incisor, a supernumerary tooth with a short root on the lingual side of the maxillary incisor, a skeletal Class III jaw base relationship caused by a diminutive maxilla, and retroposition of the maxilla. We chose to close the space of the missing tooth, as well as the space created by extraction of the maxillary lateral incisor, by forward movement of the canine and premolars using a maxillary protractor with edgewise appliances. As a result, both the maxillary premolars and the molars were moved mesially, and a Class II molar relationship with tight interdigitation was achieved. Our results suggest that the combination of maxillary protractor and nontorque brackets was effective not only for correcting skeletal Class III malocclusion, but also for forward movement of the maxillary posterior teeth.     

Restoring Function and Aesthetics in a Class II Division 1 Patient with Amelogenesis Imperfecta: A Clinical Report

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) encompasses a complicated group of hereditary conditions that cause developmental alterations in the structure of the enamel in the absence of a systemic disorder. AI primarily affects the quality and/or quantity of dental enamel, and it may affect all or only some of the teeth in the primary and/or permanent dentition. This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a 21-year-old man diagnosed with hypomaturation-type AI. He presented with discolored and mutilated teeth. Cephalometrically, the patient has skeletal class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency considered as a result of maxillary constriction. The interdisciplinary approach was followed because of the complex needs of the patient. The aim of treatment was to restore aesthetics, improve malocclusion and masticatory function. Aesthetic and functional expectations were met with metal ceramic restorations. In this report, the interdisciplinary approach for a patient with AI and a malocclusion is described.     

Transposition of bilateral maxillary canine and first premolar

The following case report describes the treatment of a 16-year-old female patient with complete transposition of maxillary first premolars and canines. Retained deciduous maxillary canines and buccal eruption of permanent maxillary canines led to non-consonant smile arc of the patient and obliteration of buccal corridors. Mechanics for correction were individualized based on factors such as facial pattern, age, malocclusion, tooth-size discrepancy, stage of eruption, and magnitude of the transposition. Thus an attempt was made to align transposition by maintaining order of transposed canine and first premolar and attain a consonant smile arc with a normal buccal corridor width.     

Orthodontic treatment of a Class II division 1 malocclusion exhibiting significant maxillary arch length deficiency: a case report.

The orthodontic correction of a Class II Division I malocclusion with significant maxillary arch length deficiency and a blocked-out maxillary cuspid is reported. The case was successfully completed on a non-extraction basis using extraoral cervical headgear anchorage and compressed coil springs to gain necessary maxillary arch length. No intermaxillary elastics or functional appliances were used. Favorable patient cooperation and facial growth were instrumental in achieving good results.     

Maxillary protraction after surgically assisted maxillary expansion

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of a 32-year-old woman with a Class III malocclusion, whose chief compliant was her dentofacial esthetics. The pretreatment lateral cephalometric tracings showed the presence of a Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion with components of maxillary deficiency. After discussion with the patient, the treatment option included surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) followed by orthopedic protraction (Sky Hook) and Class III elastics. Patient compliance was excellent and satisfactory dentofacial esthetics was achieved after treatment completion.     

Non‐surgical interdisciplinary management for an adult patient with a Class III malocclusion

Non‐surgical camouflage orthodontic treatment can be effective for the management of carefully selected patients with mild to moderate Class III malocclusion. This case report demonstrates how a synergistic combination of camouflage orthodontic treatment and appropriate adjunctive restorative procedures can provide a pleasing treatment outcome for a patient with a significant skeletal Class III malocclusion and diminutive maxillary lateral incisors.     

Interceptive management of eruption disturbances: case report

The aim of the present report is to describe a case of a patient with eruption disturbances of an ankylosed lower primary second molar, delayed development of a maxillary permanent canine associated with an odontoma and a class III dental malocclusion. In such a case the objectives of treatment are: to prevent impaction of the lower second premolar and tipping of the lower first molar; to establish correct anterior overbite and overjet and to control the development of the permanent upper canine.     

Class II malocclusion correction: an American board of orthodontics case.

A Class II open bite malocclusion with a narrowed maxilla, an increased lower anterior facial height, and a tooth size discrepancy are presented. The malocclusion was treated nonextraction in 2 phases. The mixed dentition phase of treatment was maxillary molar uprighting followed by a bonded rapid palatal expander. The vertical dimension was managed with a vertical pull chincup. The full appliance phase included buildups of the maxillary lateral incisors and mechanics to control lower incisor position.     

Skeletal Class III correction in permanent dentition using reverse twin block appliance and fixed mechanotherapy

The orthodontic management of patients with Class III malocclusion poses numerous prognostic and treatment challenges to the clinician. Various removable, orthopaedic, myofunctional and fixed appliances have been recommended for the correction of Class III malocclusion. The Reverse Twin Block (RTB) is a simple and well tolerated appliance which has often been used for the early management of such cases in mixed dentition. Cases reporting use of RTB in permanent dentition are however, limited. This article presents an insight into the encouraging results of reverse twin block (RTB) appliance used in conjunction with fixed mechanotherapy for the successful treatment of a 12-year-old patient presenting with skeletal Class III malocclusion and a concave facial profile. The RTB appliance helped establish a favourable environment for unrestricted maxillary growth, at the same time redirecting the mandibular growth to a clockwise direction and correcting the incisal relationship. The favourable treatment outcome and long-term stability achieved substantiates the feasibility of RTB appliance in mild to moderate skeletal Class III malocclusions in permanent dentition cases.     

Severe high Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion with vertical maxillary excess and gummy smile: a case report.

Severe Class II Division 1 malocclusion with vertical maxillary excess and gummy smiles can be treated in several ways. Early orthodontic treatment with vertical control may decrease the malocclusion as well as improve the appearance. In severe cases, orthognathic surgery might be the optimal solution. The following case report describes a patient with a severe gummy smile, where the final esthetic improvement was achieved by using a periodontal procedure after orthodontic treatment.     

Light-wire treatment of a Class II, division 1 subdivision malocclusion. An American Board of Orthodontics case report

A case report of a Class II, Division 1 subdivision malocclusion with a deep overbite and a marked overjet is presented. The patient was a 14-year-old boy with the potential for continued growth. The lip positions imposed by the teeth and the facial skeleton increased the labioversion of the maxillary incisors. A Begg light-wire appliance was used throughout the course of treatment. Since the maxilla and mandible were retrognathic to the cranial base, the malocclusion was treated by nonextraction methods.     

Orthodontic-surgical treatment of Class III malocclusion with mandibular asymmetry

Class III skeletal malocclusion may present several etiologies, among which maxillary deficiency is the most frequent. Bone discrepancy may have an unfavorable impact on esthetics, which is frequently aggravated by the presence of accentuated facial asymmetries. This type of malocclusion is usually treated with association of Orthodontics and orthognathic surgery for correction of occlusion and facial esthetics. This report presents the treatment of a patient aged 15 years and 1 month with Class III skeletal malocclusion, having narrow maxilla, posterior open bite on the left side, anterior crossbite and unilateral posterior crossbite, accentuated negative dentoalveolar discrepancy in the maxillary arch, and maxillary and mandibular midline shift. Clinical examination also revealed maxillary hypoplasia, increased lower one third of the face, concave bone and facial profiles and facial asymmetry with mandibular deviation to the left side. The treatment was performed in three phases: presurgical orthodontic preparation, orthognathic surgery and orthodontic finishing. In reviewing the patient's final records, the major goals set at the beginning of treatment were successfully achieved, providing the patient with adequate masticatory function and pleasant facial esthetics.