肩袖撕裂的肩关节MR造影评价

目的 评价肩关节MR造影对肩袖撕裂的诊断价值。方法 分析32例病人的肩关节MR造影图像,评价内容包括肩袖肌腱、盂唇、肱二头肌长头腱,结果与肩关节镜及肩部开放手术比较。结果 以肩关节镜和手术结果为标准,32例病人包括14例全层撕裂,6例下表面部分撕裂,12例无撕裂。肩关节MR造影判定有无肩袖撕裂的敏感性、特异性和准确性都为100％;诊断全层撕裂的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为100％、94％和97％。同时,肩关节MR造影还正确诊断了所有的多肌腱撕裂、合并的盂唇异常及肱二头肌长头腱异常。结论 肩关节MR造影可以准确、全面地评价肩袖撕裂。     

3D-SPACE序列在肩关节MR造影中评估上盂唇前后撕裂

目的：评价肩关节 MR造影三维各向同性脂肪抑制快速自旋回波（SPACE）序列对上盂唇前后撕裂（SLAP损伤）的诊断价值。方法：影像诊断医师回顾性分析经关节镜证实的肩关节 MR 造影图像,判定有无SLAP 损伤及分型,对比常规二维序列和SPACE序列对SLAP损伤的敏感度、特异度及准确率,比较常规二维序列与SPACE 序列的诊断价值。结果：肩关节镜证实SLAP损伤12例,肩关节 MR造影SPACE序列与常规二维序列对SLAP 损伤的敏感度分别为83．33％（10/12）及91．67％（11/12）,特异度分别为81．25％（13/16）及87．50％（14/16）,准确度分别为82．14％（23/28）及89．29％（25/28）。SPACE序列与常规二维序列对 SLAP 损伤的诊断效能无明显统计学差异（P＞0．05）。结论：肩关节MR造影中SPACE序列是评价SLAP损伤准确、可靠的影像学方法。     

Diagnosis of superior labral lesions: comparison of noncontrast MRI with indirect MR arthrography in unexercised shoulders

Objective To prospectively compare the accuracy of noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with indirect MR arthrography (I-MRa) of unexercised shoulders for diagnosis of superior glenoid labral lesions. Materials and methods Institutional Review Board approval and patient informed consent were obtained for this prospective study. Superior labral findings on shoulder MRI and unexercised I-MRa studies of 104 patients were correlated with findings at arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently reviewed the two sets of MR images while blinded to arthroscopic results. For each radiologist, the McNemar test was used to detect statistically significant differences between techniques. Results The superior labrum was intact in 24 and abnormal in 80 subjects. For detection of superior labral lesions by each radiologist, I-MRa was more sensitive (84–91%) than MRI (66–85%), with statistically significant improvement in sensitivity for one reader (p = 0.003). However, I-MRa was less specific (58–71%) than MRI (75–83%). Overall, accuracy was slightly improved on I-MRa (78–86%) compared with MRI (70–83%), but this difference was not statistically significant for either reader. Conclusion Compared with noncontrast MRI, I-MRa was more sensitive for diagnosis of superior glenoid labral lesions. However, the diagnostic value of I-MRa in shoulders remaining at rest is potentially limited by decreased specificity of the technique. The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.     

肩关节MR造影对肩关节前方盂唇病变的诊断价值

目的明确肩关节造影MR对肩关节前方盂唇病变的诊断价值，并比较中立位肩关节造影MR和外展外旋（abduction and external rotation, ABER）造影MR的价值。方法回顾性分析经证实的44例肩关节造影MR资料，以肩关节镜检查结果为金标准，对比中立位肩关节造影MR和ABER造影MR对肩关节前方盂唇病变的诊断价值。结果中立位肩关节造影MR对前方盂唇的诊断敏感度为79．3％（23／29），特异度为100％（15／15），准确度为86．4％（38／44）；ABER造影MR的敏感度为93．1％（27／29），特异度为100％（15／15），准确度为95．5％（42／44）。ABER造影MR显著提高了前方盂唇病变的诊断敏感度（P=0．037）。结论ABER造影MR可以提高肩关节前方盂唇病变的诊断敏感度。     

Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: evaluation with MR arthrography

The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography for diagnosing adhesive capsulitis. Shoulder MR images of 28 patients with (n=14) and without (n=14) adhesive capsulitis were retrospectively analyzed. MR images were assessed for capsule and synovium thickness as well as the width of the axillary recess on oblique coronal fat-suppressed T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images, respectively. On oblique sagittal fat-suppressed T1-weighted images, the width of the rotator interval and the presence of abnormal tissue in the interval were evaluated. Significant differences were found between the two groups in capsule and synovium thickness on both sides of the recess on oblique coronal T2-weighted images (P=0.000), whereas thickness on the humeral aspect showed no significant difference on oblique coronal fat-suppressed T1-weighted images (P=0.109). On oblique coronal T2-weighted images, a cut-off value of 3-mm thickness gave the highest diagnostic accuracy for adhesive capsulitis with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 79% (11/14), 100% (14/14), and 89% (25/28) at the humeral side and 93% (13/14), 86% (12/14), and 89% (25/28) at the glenoid side, respectively. There were significant differences in rotator interval width, presence of abnormal tissue in the rotator interval, and axillary recess width between the two groups (P<0.05). Thickness of capsule and synovium of the axillary recess greater than 3 mm is a practical MR criterion for diagnosing adhesive capsulitis when measured on oblique coronal T2-weighted MR arthrography images without fat suppression. The presence of abnormal tissue in the rotator interval showed high sensitivity but rather low specificity.     

间接法MR膝关节造影在膝关节损伤诊断中的价值

目的:评价SE序列T1WI、SE序列T1WI并加FS和MTC技术以及GRE序列T2*WI三种MR扫描序列在间接法关节造影中诊断膝关节半月板及韧带损伤的价值。方法:分别应用间接法MR膝关节造影三种序列对51例膝关节损伤患者进行检查,并与关节镜手术临床诊断结果比较。结果:①在诊断前交叉韧带损伤上,T2WI序列的敏感度为60%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.605;加FS和MTC技术T1WI序列的敏感度为81.82%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.825;GRE序列的敏感度为36%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.313;②在诊断后交叉韧带损伤上,T2WI序列的敏感度为100%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.827;加FS和MTC技术T1WI序列的敏感度为100%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.827;GRE序列的敏感度为75%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.759;③在诊断半月板损伤上,T1WI序列的敏感度为95.56%、特异度为98.85%、Kappa值为0.926;加FS和MTC技术T2WI序列的敏感度为95.65%、特异度为99.23%、Kappa值为0.951;GRE序列的敏感度为93.75%、特异度为99.61%、Kappa值为0.928;④在诊断侧副韧带损伤上,T1WI序列的敏感度为77.27%、特异度为98.75%、Kappa值为0.823;加FS和MTC技术T1WI序列的敏感度为90%、特异度为100%、Kappa值为0.938;GRE序列的敏感度为73.91%、特异度为98.73%、Kappa值为0.712。结论:T1WI加FS及MTC技术序列是诊断膝关节损伤病变,尤其是前交叉韧带损伤的最佳序列。     

上方盂唇前后向撕裂的肩关节MR造影评价

目的 评价肩关节MR造影对上方盂唇前后向撕裂(SLAP损伤)的诊断价值.方法 由2名影像诊断医师独立回顾分析137例经肩关节镜证实的肩关节造影MR图像,判定有无SLAP损伤,并进行分型.SLAP损伤分4型:Ⅰ型为上盂唇毛糙,Ⅱ型为肱二头肌腱盂唇复合体从关节孟撕裂,Ⅲ型为上盂唇桶柄状撕裂,Ⅳ型为上盂唇桶柄状撕裂并同时累及肱二头肌长头腱.计算肩关节MR造影对SLAP损伤的敏感度、特异度和准确度,以及与肩关节镜分型的符合率.采用Kappa统计计算2名影像诊断医师评价的一致性.结果 137例患者中,肩关节镜证实SLAP损伤59例,包括SLAP损伤Ⅰ型6例(10.2%)、Ⅱ型50例(84.7%)、Ⅲ型3例(5.1%).肩关节MR造影的敏感度、特异度和准确度医师甲分别为86.4%(51/59)、78.2%(61/78)和81.8%(112/137),医师乙分别为88.1%(52/59)、84.6%(66/78)和86.1%(118/137).2名影像诊断医师的评价一致性极好(K=0.796).肩关节MR造影与肩关节镜的分型符合率医师甲为83.1%(49/59),医师乙为79.7%(47/59).结论 肩关节MR造影是评价SLAP损伤比较可靠的影像方法.     

Gradient-recalled echo sequences in direct shoulder MR arthrography for evaluating the labrum

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of fat-suppressed gradient-recalled echo (GRE) compared with conventional spin echo T1-weighted (T1W) sequences in direct shoulder MR arthrography for evaluating labral tears. Materials and methods Three musculoskeletal radiologists retrospectively reviewed MR arthrograms performed over a 12-month period for which surgical correlation was available. Of 180 serial arthrograms, 31 patients had surgery with a mean of 48 days following imaging. Paired coronal oblique and axial T1W or GRE sequences were analyzed by consensus for labral tear (coronal oblique two-dimensional multi-echo data image combination, 2D MEDIC; and axial three-dimensional double-echo steady-state, 3D DESS; Siemens MAGNETOM Sonata 1.5-T MR system). Interpretations were correlated with operative reports. Results Of 31 shoulders, 25 had labral tears at surgery. The GRE sequences depicted labral tears in 22, while T1W images depicted tears in 16 (sensitivity 88% versus 64%; p < 0.05). Subdividing the labrum, GRE was significantly more sensitive for the posterior labrum (75% versus 25%; p < 0.05) with a trend toward greater sensitivity at the anterior labrum (78% versus 56%; p = 0.157) but not significantly different for the superior labrum (50% versus 57%; p > 0.7). Specificities were somewhat lower for GRE. Conclusion Thin section GRE sequences are more sensitive than T1W for the detection of anterior and posterior labral tears. As the specificity of GRE was lower, it should be considered as an adjunctive imaging sequence that may improve depiction of labral tears, particularly smaller tears, in routine MR arthrography protocols. Preliminary results of this study were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Society of Skeletal Radiology, Orlando, FL, USA, on 21 March 2007.     

Depiction of the triangular fibro-cartilage in patients with ulnar-sided wrist pain: comparison of direct multi-slice CT arthrography and direct MR arthrography

To compare direct multi-slice CT arthrography (MSCT-AG) and direct MR arthrography (MR-AG) of the wrist with regard to the depiction of the triangular fibro-cartilage (TFC). Fifteen consecutive patients with ulnar-sided wrist pain suspicious for TFC tear underwent both MSCT-AG and MR-AG of the wrist. Images obtained were evaluated by two radiologists in a blinded fashion for the depiction of six anatomical areas (radial, central and ulnar portion on the proximal and distal side) of the TFC by means of a five-point scoring system (1 = excellent visibility to 5 = not visible). Scores for MSCT-AG and MR-AG were compared using the Student's t-test. Mean scores for MSCT-AG and MR-AG, respectively, were 2.5/2.0, 3.2/2.5 and 2.8/2.4 for the radial, central and ulnar portion of the TFC on its proximal side, and 2.7/2.0, 3.1/2.3 and 2.9/2.4 for the radial, central and ulnar portion on its distal side (n = 15). Paired Student's t-test showed no significant difference between MSCT-AG and MR-AG (P > 0.05). In a first, small series, depiction of the TFC with MSCT-AG is comparable to that of MR-AG. Further evaluation of direct multi-slice CT arthrography of the wrist in a larger patient population would be promising.     

MR arthrography in calcific tendinitis of the shoulder: diagnostic performance and pitfalls

The purpose was to assess the diagnostic performance of MR arthrography to diagnose calcific tendinitis of the shoulder and to assess the reasons for diagnostic errors. Standard MR arthrograms of 22 patients with calcific tendinitis and 61 controls were retrospectively analyzed by two independent and blinded radiologists. All cases were consecutively collected from a database. Conventional radiographs were available in all cases serving as gold standard. The supraspinatus was involved in 16, the infraspinatus in four and the subscapularis in two patients. All diagnostic errors were analyzed by two additional readers. Reader 1 correctly detected 12 of the 22 shoulders with and 42 of the 61 shoulders without calcific tendinitis (sensitivity 0.55, specificity 0.66). The corresponding values for reader 2 were 13 of 22 and 40 of 61 cases (sensitivity 0.59, specificity 0.69). Inter-rater agreement (kappa-value) was 0.42. Small size of the calcific deposits and isointensity compared to the surrounding tissue were the most important reasons for false negative results. Normal hypointense areas within the supraspinatus tendon substance and attachment were the main reason for false positive results. In conclusion, MR arthrography is insufficient in the diagnosis of calcific tendinitis. Normal hypointense parts of the rotator cuff may mimic calcific deposits and calcifications may not be detected when they are isointense compared to the rotator cuff. Therefore, MR imaging should not be interpreted without corresponding radiographs.     

上方盂唇前后向撕裂的肩关节MR造影评价

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of shoulder MR arthrography for superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 137 cases of shoulder MR arthrography confirmed by subsequent shoulder arthroscopy.Two radiologists analyzed all MR examinations independently and the results were compared with those of arthrescopy.The superior labrum was described as normal or torn.In addition, each iabral tear was classified as type Ⅰ-Ⅳ.Type Ⅰ lesions were defined as marked fraying of the articulating surface of the superior labrum; type Ⅱ, avulsion of the labral-bicipital complex from the ghnoid; type Ⅲ, displaced bucket handle tear of the superior labrum; and type Ⅳ, bucket handle tear of the superior labrum with extension into the fibers of the biceps tendon.Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated.Kappa values were calculated to quantify the level, of inter-observer agreement.Results SLAP lesions were arthroscopically diagnosed in 59 of the 137 patients.Six of the 59 lesions ( 10.2% ) were classified as type Ⅰ , 50 (84.7% ) as type Ⅱ, and 3 (5.1% ) as type Ⅲ.The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MR arthrographic detection of SLAP lesions were 86.4% (51/59), 78.2% (61/78), and 81.8% ( 112/137), respectively, for observer A, and 88.1% (52/59), 84.6% (66/78), and 86.1% (118/137), respectively, for observer B.At inter-observer comparison, agreement was very good (Kappa values = 0.796 ).The MR arthrographic classification showed correlation with the arthroscopic classification of SLAP lesions were 83.1% (49/59)and 79.7% (47/59) for two observers, respectively.Conclusion Shoulder MR arthrography is a reliable method for evaluating SLAP lesions.     

上方盂唇前后向撕裂的肩关节MR造影评价

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of shoulder MR arthrography for superior labral anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions.Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 137 cases of shoulder MR arthrography confirmed by subsequent shoulder arthroscopy.Two radiologists analyzed all MR examinations independently and the results were compared with those of arthrescopy.The superior labrum was described as normal or torn.In addition, each iabral tear was classified as type Ⅰ-Ⅳ.Type Ⅰ lesions were defined as marked fraying of the articulating surface of the superior labrum; type Ⅱ, avulsion of the labral-bicipital complex from the ghnoid; type Ⅲ, displaced bucket handle tear of the superior labrum; and type Ⅳ, bucket handle tear of the superior labrum with extension into the fibers of the biceps tendon.Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated.Kappa values were calculated to quantify the level, of inter-observer agreement.Results SLAP lesions were arthroscopically diagnosed in 59 of the 137 patients.Six of the 59 lesions ( 10.2% ) were classified as type Ⅰ , 50 (84.7% ) as type Ⅱ, and 3 (5.1% ) as type Ⅲ.The overall sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MR arthrographic detection of SLAP lesions were 86.4% (51/59), 78.2% (61/78), and 81.8% ( 112/137), respectively, for observer A, and 88.1% (52/59), 84.6% (66/78), and 86.1% (118/137), respectively, for observer B.At inter-observer comparison, agreement was very good (Kappa values = 0.796 ).The MR arthrographic classification showed correlation with the arthroscopic classification of SLAP lesions were 83.1% (49/59)and 79.7% (47/59) for two observers, respectively.Conclusion Shoulder MR arthrography is a reliable method for evaluating SLAP lesions.     

常规MRI与MR关节造影诊断肩袖撕裂的初步对比研究

目的 比较3.0T常规MRI和MR关节造影检查对肩袖撕裂的诊断价值.方法 分析48例肩关节病变患者的常规MRI和MR关节造影检查资料,确定肩袖有无撕裂并进行分型.其中4例行肩关节镜检查.采用配对x2检验比较两种检查方法诊断肩袖撕裂的差异性.结果 常规MRI显示冈上肌腱全层撕裂6例,冈上肌腱部分撕裂9例;MR关节造影显示冈上肌腱全层撕裂7例,冈上肌腱部分撕裂8例.常规MRI和MR关节造影检查方法对肩袖全层撕裂诊断有6例相同,1例常规MRI诊断无撕裂MR关节造影诊断为撕裂;对肩袖部分撕裂的诊断有7例相同,3例不同,其中2例常规MRI诊断为撕裂而MR关节造影诊断为无撕裂,1例常规MRI诊断为无撕裂而MR关节造影诊断为撕裂;两种检查方法对肩袖全层撕裂(x2=0.000,P＞0.05)及部分撕裂(x2=o.000,P＞0.05)的诊断差异无统计学意义.结论 初步显示3.0T常规MRI对肩袖全层撕裂和肩袖部分撕裂的诊断能达到MR关节造影的诊断效果,同时可以显示肩袖撕裂伴发的各种异常.     

Indirect MR arthrography of the shoulder in detection of rotator cuff ruptures

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of indirect MR arthrography images obtained following intravenous contrast injection and conventional MR imaging in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears. Twenty-four patients with clinically suspected rotator cuff disease were examined. Conventional MR images and post-contrast indirect MR arthrography images were obtained. All images were evaluated in a blinded fashion by two musculoskeletal radiologist. Results were than analyzed depending on surgical output. The correlation coefficient (Spearman rank correlation test) and the kappa values for agreement between surgery and imaging techniques were calculated. The correlation coefficients between indirect MR arthrography and surgery for reader 1 and reader 2 were 0.9137 and 0.9773, respectively. Whereas the agreement between conventional MR imaging and surgery was moderate (ϰ = 0.383–0.571), the agreement between indirect MR arthrography and surgery was excellent (ϰ = 0.873–0.936). We suggest the use of indirect MR arthrography technique when conventional MR images are equivocal in diagnosis of rotator cuff disease. Received: 12 April 2000/Revised: 22 May 2000/Accepted: 23 May 2000     

磁共振肩关节造影在肩袖完全撕裂诊断的临床应用

目的:探讨磁共振肩关节造影检查对肩袖完全撕裂的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析54例肩袖完全撕裂MR关节造影及MRI表现,与肩关节镜手术结果对照.结果:54例肩袖完全撕裂病例,MRI诊断的敏感度、特异度及准确度分别是87.03％、50.00％和79.41％;MR关节造影诊断Ⅰ型9例、Ⅱ型21例,其敏感度分别为88.89％、95.24％;特异度分别为97.87％、97.14％;准确度分别为96.43％、96.43％;明显高于常规MRI诊断,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与关节镜结果对比,其一致性极佳(Kappa=0.841);而对于Ⅲ型肩袖完全撕裂,MR关节造影均不能显示.结论:MR关节造影能较准确判断Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型肩袖完全撕裂范围及程度,是MRI诊断肩袖损伤的有效补充,为临床诊断和治疗能提供更准确的依据,而对于Ⅲ型肩袖完全撕裂,MR关节造影不能显示其损伤部位及程度,无法对其进行诊断.     

MRI、MR肩关节造影及高频超声诊断肩袖损伤的差异性分析

目的探讨MRI、MR肩关节造影(MRAr)及高频超声诊断肩袖损伤的差异性。方法收集2015年2月—2016年9月间于天津市第五中心医院就诊的疑似肩袖损伤病人84例,其中男52例,女32例,年龄22~64岁,平均(48.2±12.1)岁。回顾分析病人的MRI、MRAr及高频超声影像资料,采用χ~2检验比较MRI和高频超声2种方法诊断效能的差异。采用Kappa检验分析MRI、高频超声,以及MRI、高频超声和MRAr 3种方法联合分别与肩关节镜检查结果的一致性。结果对于Ⅰ型肩袖撕裂,MRI、MRAr和高频超声3种检查方法的准确度均为100%。MRAr对于Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅳ型肩袖损伤有较高的检出率,总准确度为97.8%(45/46),而对于Ⅲ型、Ⅴ型、Ⅵ型肩袖撕裂则无法检出。MRI和高频超声诊断肩袖损伤的敏感度、特异度及准确度分别为88.8%、75.0%、88.1%和87.5%、75.0%、86.9%,2种方法对肩袖损伤诊断效能的差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.856,P=0.1)。MRI、高频超声和MRAr 3种方法联合诊断肩袖损伤的敏感度、特异度及准确度分别为93.7%、100%、94.0%。3种方法分别与肩关节镜检查结果比较,均具有较高的一致性(κ=0.81,P=0.001;κ=0.79,P0.001;κ=0.94,P0.001)。结论高频超声可以作为肩袖损伤的初筛检查方法,MRI可作为有效补充,MRAr对于Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型、Ⅳ型肩袖损伤有较高的检出率,3种方法相互补充,明显提高诊断准确性。     

Technical errors in MR arthrography

This article discusses potential technical problems of MR arthrography. It starts with contraindications, followed by problems relating to injection technique, contrast material and MR imaging technique. For some of the aspects discussed, there is only little published evidence. Therefore, the article is based on the personal experience of the author and on local standards of procedures. Such standards, as well as medico-legal considerations, may vary from country to country. Contraindications for MR arthrography include pre-existing infection, reflex sympathetic dystrophy and possibly bleeding disorders, avascular necrosis and known allergy to contrast media. Errors in injection technique may lead to extra-articular collection of contrast agent or to contrast agent leaking from the joint space, which may cause diagnostic difficulties. Incorrect concentrations of contrast material influence image quality and may also lead to non-diagnostic examinations. Errors relating to MR imaging include delays between injection and imaging and inadequate choice of sequences. Potential solutions to the various possible errors are presented.     

X线、CT和MR关节造影在外伤性肩袖撕裂中的诊断价值

目的　分析X线、CT和MR单对比关节造影在外伤性肩袖撕裂中的诊断价值。方法经关节镜证实的外伤性肩袖撕裂 2 0例。在透视下穿刺肩关节腔 ,注入 15～ 2 0ml的混合性对比剂 (由10ml欧乃派克和 2 0ml3mmol/L的马根维显稀释液组成 ) ,在 45min内完成X线摄片、CT和MR扫描。结果　关节镜证实肩袖的完全撕裂、部分撕裂分别为 9例和 11例。完全撕裂的X线、CT和MR关节造影均正确诊断 9例 (9/ 9)。肩袖部分撕裂的X线关节造影正确诊断 3例 (3/ 11) ;CT关节造影正确诊断 2例 (2 / 11) ;MR关节造影正确诊断 7例 (7/ 11)。结论　单对比的MR关节造影在外伤性肩袖撕裂中的诊断价值高于X线及CT造影     

肩袖损伤的MRI诊断比较研究

目的:比较常规MRI和MRI间接关节造影检查对肩袖撕裂伤的诊断价值.方法:搜集2002年11月～2006年8月共40例肩袖损伤病例,20例行常规MRI检查,20例行MRI间接关节造影检查.以肩关节镜作为诊断标准,比较两种影像学方法诊断肩袖损伤的敏感性和特异性.结果:肩袖完全撕裂中,常规MRI检查的敏感度为45.5%,特异度为66.7%,准确度为55%;MRI间接关节造影的敏感度为92.3%,特异度为85.7%,准确度为90%.肩袖不全撕裂中,常规MRI检查敏感度为57.1%,特异度为53.8%,准确度为55%;而间接关节造影敏感度为83.3%,特异度为92.8%,准确度则为90%.经Fisher确切概率统计法统计,MRI间接关节造影诊断肩袖全层撕裂敏感性及准确性明显高于常规MRI(P＜0.05),在诊断肩袖部分撕裂时,MRI间接关节造影的特异性及准确性明显高于MRI(P＜0.05).结论:MRI间接关节造影较常规MRI诊断肩袖撕裂准确性较高.同时对盂唇等其它病变诊断有帮助.     

MR直接关节造影在腕三角纤维软骨复合体损伤中的应用

目的 通过与腕关节镜结果对照,探讨MR直接关节造影在腕三角纤维软骨复合体(TFCC)损伤中的作用.方法 14例临床怀疑腕TFCC损伤的患者接受了常规MRI和MR直接关节造影,其中10例行腕关节镜检查.MR直接关节造影在腕拇长伸肌腱与伸指总肌腱间隙(相当于桡舟关节间隙)处进针,注入5～7 ml的钆喷替酸葡甲胺(0.1 mmol/L)混合液(0.3 ml钆喷替酸葡甲胺+100 ml生理盐水),与腕关节镜结果相对照,分析常规MRI和MR直接关节造影表现.结果 (1)14例中TFCC尺侧撕裂5例,桡侧撕裂4例,整体损伤5例(包括2例长期类风湿关节炎).(2)在脂肪抑制序列(STIR)及T2和T1WI序列上,损伤的TFCC表现为高信号或等信号,正常的低信号部分或完全消失,MR直接关节造影显示4例桡侧撕裂在腕TFCC的下尺桡关节和5例尺侧撕裂在尺骨茎突附着处可见不同程度的高信号对比剂聚集,5例整体损伤在下尺桡关节和尺骨茎突附着处均可见对比剂.MR直接关节造影表现与腕关节镜结果在损伤部位相符合,包括4例桡侧撕裂,3例尺侧撕裂和3例整体损伤.(3)14例腕TFCC损伤患者,8例伴有下尺桡关节半脱位,6例伴有尺桡骨骨挫伤,常规MRI和MR直接关节造影均可清晰地显示其滑膜反应和骨髓水肿等表现.结论 MR直接关节造影可以清晰地显示腕TFCC损伤,同时与常规MRI相结合能显示伴随的滑膜反应和骨髓水肿.