脑凸面胶质瘤手术并发症、技巧及临床治疗观察

目的:探讨脑凸面胶质瘤手术方法、并发症及临床治疗效果。方法:选取胶质瘤患者80例,将患者随机分为40例观察组(显微外科手术组)和40例对照组(常规开颅手术组),进行统计和观察比较两组患者在手术全切除率、症状改善率、死亡率、致残率、复发率、术中输血量方面的情况。结果:观察组患者肿瘤全手术切除率为75.0%,术后死亡率为2.5%,致残率为5.0%,症状改善率为70.0%,复发率为22.5%,平均输血量330 ml;对照组患者肿瘤全手术切除率为55.0%,术后死亡率为7.5%,致残率为7.5%,症状改善率为60.0%,复发率为25.0%,平均输血量780 ml。两组间比较,症状改善情况、死亡率、致残率、术中输血量方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者复发率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:显微外科手术用于治疗凸面胶质瘤能显著提高手术全切除率,降低患者复发率及死亡率,有效改善临床症状,值得在临床推广和使用。     

神经内镜辅助微创显微手术治疗囊性脑肿瘤的效果观察

目的:观察神经内镜辅助微创显微手术治疗囊性脑肿瘤的临床效果。方法:选取行囊性脑肿瘤手术治疗的60例患者为研究对象。按照就诊排序,序号为单号的30例患者纳入观察组,序号为双号的30例患者纳入对照组。对照组行常规显微手术治疗,观察组行神经内镜辅助显微手术治疗。比较两组术后肿瘤完全切除率和2年内复发率;比较两组患者术后脑膜炎、脑神经损伤、脑干损伤等并发症的发生情况。结果:观察组肿瘤完全切除率为93.33%(28/30),明显高于对照组的66.67%(20/30);观察组复发率为10.00%(3/30),明显低于对照组的33.33%(10/30),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为6.67%(2/30),明显低于对照组的30.00%(9/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者手术时间和住院时间均明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用神经内镜下微创显微手术治疗囊性脑肿瘤的临床效果优于常规开颅显微手术效果。     

改良B-Lynch缝合术联合断血流颗粒治疗剖宫产术后出血疗效观察

目的探讨改良B-Lynch缝合术联合断血流颗粒治疗剖宫产术后出血的临床效果。方法选取2015年1月至2016年1月西峡县妇幼保健院收治的剖宫产术后出血患者118例,根据治疗方法分为观察组和对照组,每组59例。观察组患者给予改良B-Lynch缝合术联合断血流颗粒治疗,对照组患者给予宫腔纱条填塞术治疗,对2组患者的手术时间、出血量、输血量、切口愈合时间、住院时间、止血效果及并发症发生率进行比较。结果观察组患者的手术时间、切口愈合时间及住院时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05),术中出血量、术中24 h出血量和输血量显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组和对照组患者止血成功率分别为86.44%(51/59)、66.10%(39/59),观察组患者止血成功率显著高于对照组(χ~2=11.429,P<0.05)。观察组患者输血率和子宫切除率分别为55.93%(33/59)、6.78%(4/59),对照组患者输血率和子宫切除率分别为71.18%(42/59)、20.34%(12/59),观察组患者输血率和子宫切除率显著低于对照组(χ~2=5.020、7.846,P<0.05)。观察组和对照组患者并发症发生率分别为18.64%(11/59)、67.79%(40/59),观察组患者并发症发生率显著低于对照组(χ~2=49.221,P<0.05)。结论采用改良B-Lynch缝合术联合断血流颗粒治疗剖宫产术后出血具有手术时间短、止血效果好、出血量少、恢复快、住院时间短及并发症发生率低等优势。     

神经电生理监测技术在听神经瘤显微外科手术中的应用

目的:观察神经电生理监测技术在听神经瘤显微外科手术中的临床价值。方法:选择本院于2013年1⁶月收治的听神经瘤患者40例作为研究对象,按照数字随机法分为两组,每组20例,观察组采取神经电生理监测下行显微外科手术切除术治疗,对照组采取显微外科手术切除术治疗,40例患者均获随访6个月,观察两组患者听神经瘤切除程度并评估面神经功能。结果:观察组行全切除术11例(55.0%),次全切除术7例(35.0%),大部分切除术2例(10.0%),肿瘤切除程度优于对照组,P<0.05;观察组面神经功能I级12例(60.0%),II级5例(25.0%),III级1例(5.0%),面神经功能情况显著优于对照组,P<0.05。结论:神经电生理监测技术在听神经瘤显微外科手术中具有重要临床价值,可减少面神经受损,保护面神经。     

神经内镜与显微镜经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体瘤的对比研究

目的:对比神经内镜与显微镜经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体瘤的临床效果。方法:选取2016年1月-2018年12月本院收治并接受手术治疗的垂体瘤患者51例,按手术方法不同分为对照组(n=21)和观察组(n=30)。对照组应用经鼻蝶显微镜垂体瘤切除术,观察组应用经鼻蝶神经内镜垂体瘤切除术。观察并比较两组手术情况、肿瘤全切除率、手术前后的视觉功能、激素水平及并发症发生情况。结果:观察组手术时间、术中出血量和总住院时间均明显少于对照组(P0.05);观察组肿瘤全切除率(95.24%)明显高于对照组(73.33%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);手术后,两组加权视野指数高于治疗前,而视野平均缺损和模式标准差均低于手术前(P0.05)。观察组加权视野指数、视野平均缺损和模式标准差均优于对照组(P0.05)。手术后,两组泌乳素、生长激素和促肾上腺皮质激素均低于手术前(P0.05);观察组泌乳素、生长激素和促肾上腺皮质激素均低于对照组(P0.05);观察组并发症发生率(10.00%)低于对照组(38.10%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:对于垂体瘤患者,神经内镜经鼻蝶手术治疗效果优于显微镜经鼻蝶手术,可显著提高肿瘤全切除率,促进患者视觉功能的恢复,降低激素水平,值得临床推广应用。     

神经内镜下微创显微手术治疗囊性脑肿瘤的临床疗效观察

目的探讨神经内镜下微创显微手术治疗囊性脑肿瘤患者的临床疗效。方法选择2016年6月至2017年6月三六三医院收治的80例囊性脑肿瘤患者为研究对象,依据治疗方法不同分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组采用显微手术治疗,观察组采用神经内镜辅助显微手术治疗。比较两组患者的脑肿瘤切除率、治疗前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、预后情况、并发症发生率以及1年内复发率和死亡率。结果观察组患者肿瘤全切除率为87. 5%(35/40),对照组为67. 5%(27/40),观察组肿瘤全切除率高于对照组(P <0. 05)。治疗后,两组患者NIHSS评分低于治疗前,观察组NIHSS评分低于对照组[(7. 5±1. 0)分比(13. 2±1. 4)分](P <0. 05),两组间、时点间、组间和时点间交互作用差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。观察组预后情况优于对照组(P <0. 05)。观察组总并发症发生率低于对照组[7. 5%(3/40)比27. 5%(11/40)](P <0. 05),复发率和死亡率低于对照组[5. 0%(2/40)比20. 0%(8/40),0%比10. 0%(4/40)](P <0. 05)。结论囊性脑肿瘤患者采用神经内镜下微创显微手术治疗效果理想,有利于改善患者神经功能,同时还可减少并发症发生,降低复发率,对改善患者预后有重要意义。     

内镜经鼻蝶手术入路治疗垂体瘤的临床效果观察

目的探讨内镜经鼻蝶手术入路治疗垂体瘤的临床效果。方法选取2014年1月至2015年10月安阳市人民医院收治的垂体瘤患者71例作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组35例和观察组36例,对照组患者予以传统经颅手术治疗,观察组患者采用内镜经鼻蝶手术入路治疗,观察两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、肿瘤体积缩小程度及内分泌激素下降程度均明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组肿瘤切除率77.1%(28/35),观察组肿瘤切除率94.4%(34/36),观察组肿瘤切除率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论内镜经鼻蝶手术入路治疗垂体瘤效果更为突出,具有操作安全、手术时间短且出血量少、并发症发生率低等优势,值得在临床实践中推广。     

替莫唑胺对脊髓胶质瘤的疗效及对MGMT、Survivin和caspase-3的影响

目的 研究替莫唑胺对脊髓胶质瘤的临床疗效,并通过细胞研究检测其对MGMT、Survivin和caspase-3的影响,探讨其抑制复发和转移的机制。方法 选取我院于2015年1月至2019年5月收治的80例脊髓胶质瘤患者,依据随机数字表法分为观察和对照两组,每组40例。两组患者均在神经电生理监测下采用显微外科切除,而观察组联合替莫唑胺治疗。比较两组患者治疗后的肿瘤切除率、McCormick神经功能以及复发、生存情况。观察组术后给予替莫唑胺治疗观察两组的肿瘤复发和生存情况。术中取患者脊髓胶质瘤细胞,体外培养检测替莫唑胺对凋亡蛋白caspase-3、MGMT、Survivin基因表达情况的影响。结果 两组患者的全切率、次切率、部分切除率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而替莫唑胺治疗组患者的复发率显著低于对照组(P＜0.05)。治疗3个月后,两组患者的McCormick神经功能差异无统计学意义(P＜0.05)。随访一年观察组患者死亡率为5.00%(2例),显著低于对照组(9例,22.50%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。细胞实验表明随着替莫唑胺浓度的增加,细胞侵袭能力下降,显著低于空白对照组(P＜0.05),而脊髓胶质瘤细胞凋亡蛋白Caspase3表达增加,替莫唑胺组Survivin基因表达阳性率低于空白对照组(P＜0.05),MGMT表达阳性率略低于空白对照组,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 替莫唑胺可增加神经电生理监测下显微外科切除术后脊髓胶质瘤的治疗效果,其机制可能与增加caspase-3活性和抑制Survivin基因表达有关,从而降低术后复发率和死亡率。     

垂体瘤采用内镜经鼻蝶入路手术治疗的临床研究

目的：探讨垂体瘤采用内镜经鼻蝶入路手术治疗的临床效果。方法方便选取该院于2010年5月—2015年10月接收的80例垂体瘤患者为研究对象,将所有患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各40例。其中对照组患者采用传统经颅手术治疗,而观察组患者采用内镜经鼻蝶入路手术治疗,观察两组患者的手术切除情况和术后并发症发生率。结果经比较,观察组患者的手术用时、出血量、肿瘤切除率、术后并发症和住院时间等观察指标均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05）;观察组的肿瘤切除情况为：肿瘤全切35例(87.5%）、次全切3例(7.5%）、部分切除2例(5.0%）,对照组的肿瘤切除情况为：肿瘤全切31例(77.5%）、次全切3例(7.5%）、部分切除6例(15.0%）;观察组术后并发症发生率为5.0%(2/40）,对照组为22.5%(9/40）,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05）。结论内镜经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体瘤具有创伤小、肿瘤切除率高、操作简便、安全性好、不良反应少以及住院时间短等特点,总体临床治疗效果较好,值得在临床上推广。     

神经内镜联合多模态神经导航系统切除无功能性垂体大腺瘤的临床应用

目的探讨神经内镜联合多模态神经导航系统手术切除无功能性垂体大腺瘤的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析76例采用神经内镜手术切除无功能性垂体大腺瘤患者的临床资料,其中,38例在多模态神经导航系统辅助下切除肿瘤(观察组),38例在无术中多模态神经系统导航辅助下对肿瘤进行切除(对照组)。对2组患者肿瘤的手术切除情况、术后并发症以及患者预后进行统计分析。结果观察组术中出血量及术后并发症少于对照组,2组差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。2组患者的手术时间、垂体瘤全切率、术后住院时间、视野改善率和肿瘤复发率均无统计学差异(P> 0.05)。结论神经内镜联合多模态神经导航系统,再辅以术中多普勒超声和电生理监测等手段为无功能性垂体大腺瘤的手术切除及患者预后提供了更完善的安全保障。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.