香茅草及香茅草茶的研究进展

香茅草在多国范围内应用广泛且历史悠久,传统多将其用于烹饪以调味,制成香茅草茶以及作药用等。除保留传统应用外,香茅草在现代的应用多集中于开发香茅草油,其可被用于制备食品添加剂、杀菌剂、化妆品、药品等。香茅草在园林绿化等方面,具有较好的应用前景。香茅草具有特殊的柠檬香味,主要含柠檬醛、月桂烯、芳樟醇、香叶醇、橙花醇、香茅醇等化学成分;其药理作用主要为抗菌、抗炎、镇痛、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗焦虑、降压、降血糖等,且随着研究的不断深入,香茅草的一些新的药理作用正逐渐被发现。香茅草在应用形式及保健作用方面,符合现代社会需求及大健康产业的发展趋势,可加大推广力度。     

红景天研究概述

景天科红景天属的植物,有滋补强壮、扶正固本功能.中国为红景天属植物的主产区之一,种类多,分布广、在医药工业和食品工业具有重要的开发前景.为了更合理的开发利用,需要对红景天属植物资源进行更深入的多学科的综合研究.已有的研究显示,红景天有抗缺氧、抗寒冷、抗疲劳、抗微波辐射等显著功效.而且还具有延缓机体衰老,防止老年疾病等功效.近几年它又是一种适用于特殊地区开发的、具有很大发展前途的环境适应药物.在军事医学、航天医学、运动医学和保健医学等方面都有十分重要的意义.     

鹿茸的化学成分与药理作用的研究概述

回顾近年来研究鹿茸的文献，对鹿茸的化学成分及药理作用进行综述。总结出鹿茸具有抑制单胺氧化酶(MAO)活性、抗氧化、抗衰老、提高性功能、提高耐力、增强记忆力、增强机体免疫力、促进体内蛋白质和核酸合成、抗辐射及抗化学药物损伤、抗肿瘤、抗溃疡等多种药理作用。为进一步开发利用鹿茸提供参考依据。     

苦丁茶的研究概述

对近十几年苦丁茶的本草考证、化学成分及药理作用等进行了概述。     

石菖蒲化学成分及其药理作用概述

石菖蒲为开窍类中药的代表药物之一,具有开窍豁痰、醒神益智、化湿开胃等功效.现代研究证明石菖蒲中含有苯丙素类、萜类等挥发油成分以及生物碱类、黄酮类、有机酸等非挥发性成分,对中枢神经系统、心血管系统、呼吸系统、消化系统等多系统疾病具有治疗作用,可改善认知障碍、抗抑郁、抗焦虑、抗癫痫、抗帕金森、保护心血管、降压、平喘、抑制胃...     

当归挥发油研究的进展

概述了当归挥发油的化学成分及其药理学研究进展。当归挥发油在离体子宫平滑肌、平湍、中枢抑制、镇痛以及对免疫功能的影响等方面有广泛的药理活性。我国当归资源丰富，应利用现代化学与药理学研究方法，更深入地对其不同成分进行研究，以便更有效地开发、利用。     

天南星研究概述

目的:综述药用植物天南星的化学成分及药理作用研究进展。方法:结合国内外相关文献进行综合分析。结果:研究表明,天南星的化学成分主要有氨基酸、生物碱、凝集素、苷类等;药理作用主要有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗菌、杀灭钉螺等多种作用。结论:天南星具有多种化学成分和广泛的药理作用。     

三叶青实验研究概述

从化学成分、药理作用、分离方法三方面总结三叶青实验研究概况,发现目前研究所得三叶青化合物种类、数量各异,三叶青化学成分的提取分离尚无统一标准;三叶青具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗炎、镇痛、抗菌、保肝、调节免疫等药理作用,但其发挥作用的有效活性部位、作用机制等尚不明确,有待进一步探讨。     

当归挥发油化学成分和药理作用研究进展

当归Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels为伞形科植物(Umbelliferae)当归的干燥根,性甘、辛、温,有补血活血、调经止痛、润肠通便的功能,具有极高的药用和保健价值。研究发现,当归含有黄酮、香豆素、挥发油、有机酸、多糖、氨基     

太子参研究概述

考证了太子参的药用历史,并从化学成分及药理作用等方面对太子参的国内外研究概况进行了综述,为该药的进一步研究及开发提供了参考。     

Antinociceptive effect of the essential oil from Cymbopogon citratus in mice

The essential oil (EO) from leaves of Cymbopogon citratus increased the reaction time to thermal stimuli both after oral (25 mg/kg) and intraperitoneal (25–100 mg/kg) administration. EO (50–200 mg/kg, p.o. or i.p.) strongly inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhings in mice. In the formalin test, EO (50 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited preferentially the second phase of the response, causing inhibitions of 100 and 48% at 200 mg/kg, i.p. and 100 mg/kg, p.o., respectively. On the other hand, the opioid antagonist naloxone blocked the central antinociceptive effect of EO, suggesting that EO acts both at peripheral and central levels.     

Antibacterial constituents in the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf

Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf., commonly known as lemon grass and used, over many years, for medicinal purposes in West Africa, produces a volatile oil on steam extraction of its leaves. The antibacterial properties of the essential oil have been studied. These activities are shown in two of the three main components of the oil identified through chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods. While the alpha-citral (geranial) and beta-citral (neral) components individually elicit antibacterial action on gram-negative and gram-positive organisms, the third component, myrcene, did not show observable antibacterial activity on its own. However, myrcene provided enhanced activities when mixed with either of the other two main components identified.     

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of fresh leaf aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. in rats

The present study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of the single, daily oral dosing of 125-500 mg/kg of fresh leaf aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. (CCi) in normal, male Wistar rats for 42 days. The average weights of rats per group were taken at 2 weeks interval for 42 days. On day 43, blood samples from the rats were collected for fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c) assays through cardiac puncture under halothane anesthesia. Acute oral dose toxicity study of CCi was also conducted using limit dose test of the Up and Down Procedure statistical program (AOT425StatPgm, Version 1.0) at a dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight/oral route. Our results showed CCi to lower FPG and lipid parameters dose dependently (p<0.05) while raising the plasma HDL-c level (p<0.05) in same dose-related fashion but with no effect on plasma triglycerides level (p>0.05). Results of acute oral toxicity showed CCi to be of low toxicity and as such could be considered relatively safe on acute exposure. Thus, confirming its folkloric use and safety in suspected Type 2 diabetic patients.     

Cymbogogoncitratus aqueous leaf extract attenuates neurobehavioral and biochemical changes induced by social defeat stress in mice

Objective Psychosocial stress has been implicated in the genesis of psychiatric disorders such as memory deficits, depression, anxiety and addiction. Aqueous leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus (CYC) otherwise known as lemongrass tea has antidepressant, anxiolytic and anti-amnesic effects in rodents. This study was designed to evaluate if C. citratus could reverse the neurobehavioral and biochemical derangements induced by social defeat stress (SDS) in the resident/intruder paradigm. Methods Intruder male mice were divided into five groups (n = 7): group 1 received saline (10 mL/kg, p.o.; non-stress control), group 2 also received saline (10 mL/kg, p.o.; SDS control) while groups 3?5 had C. citratus (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 d. The SDS was carried out 30 min after each treatment from day 7 to day 14 by exposing each intruder mouse in groups 25 to a 10 min confrontation in the home cage of an aggressive resident counterpart. The neurobehavioral features (spontaneous motor activity-SMA, anxiety, memory, social avoidance and depression were then evaluated. The concentrations of nitrite, malondialdehyde and glutathione as well as acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain tissues were also determined. Results C. citratus (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) attenuated hypolocomotion, heightened anxiety, depressive-like symptom, memory deficit and social avoidance induced by SDS. The altered levels of oxidative stress and acetyl-cholinesterase in SDS-mice were positively modulated by C. citratus. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that C. citratus might mitigate psychosocial stress-induced neurologic diseases in susceptible individuals.     

滇桂艾纳香研究进展

全面概述了滇桂艾纳香生药学、化学成分、药理与临床应用方面的研究。为滇桂艾纳香的进一步开发与研究提供了科学依据。     

艾纳香化学成分与药理活性研究进展

艾纳香为一种民族药,广泛用于壮、苗、彝等少数民族,具有祛风除湿,活血调经,消肿止痛等功效,其主要化学成分为黄酮和挥发油,具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗凝血、保肝等药理活性。就其化学成分及其药理活性进行综述。     

白子菜的显微鉴别

目的为鉴别和开发白子菜资源提供科学依据。方法显微鉴别。结果根横切面次生构造不发达,有表皮、内皮层和髓部。叶栅栏组织有2列;粉末中可见大量菊糖及非腺毛。结论白子菜显微特征对白子菜有鉴别意义。     

茅苍术及其组培栽培品挥发油气质联用分析

目的 研究茅苍术的挥发油,为茅苍术资源的野生抚育及可持续利用提供基础和科学依据.方法 用气相色谱和质谱联用技术测定不同产地茅苍术挥发油,并进行聚类分析.结果 道地产区茅苍术与其组培栽培品聚为一类,其中主要药效成分苍术酮、苍术素、茅术醇、β-桉叶醇相对百分含量没有显著差异,苍术酮和苍术素含量明显高于非道地茅苍术.结论 研究结果体现了茅苍术药效成分道地性的特征,为茅苍术品质评价提供了依据,组培苗可作为人工补种材料.     

槲寄生的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

通过查阅国内外有关文献,对槲寄生的化学成分、药理作用等进行整理、分析和归纳。槲寄生中含有黄酮、萜类、生物碱等小分子化合物,及槲寄生凝集素、壳多糖结合蛋白及槲寄生毒肽等高分子化合物;槲寄生有抗肿瘤、调节免疫、降血压、抗心律失常、抗心肌缺血等药理作用。