Janus激酶2在实验性重症急性胰腺炎肝损伤中的作用

目的 观察Janus激酶/信号转导和转录激活因子(JAK/STAT)信号通路的核心分子Janus激酶2(JAK2)在实验性重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)肝损伤中的表达变化.方法 以4%牛磺胆酸钠胰胆管逆行注射诱导大鼠SAP模型.32只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:对照组(NC组)和SAP 6h、12h、18h组,每组8只.动态测定各组血清淀粉酶(AMY)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平;光镜下观察肝脏组织病理变化;免疫组化及Westem blotting法检测JAK2在肝组织中的蛋白表达水平变化.结果 与NC组比较,SAP各组AMY、ALT、AST水平均明显升高(P<0.05),光镜下肝脏组织损伤随病情进展而逐渐加重,SAP后6h有少量JAK2蛋白表达,12～18h达高峰(P<0.05),且JAK2表达与肝损伤的严重程度相一致.结论 JAK2蛋白在SAP发生时高表达,参与SAP形成的病理过程,JAK/STAT通路活化可能促进SAP肝损伤.     

JAK2/STAT3信号通路在重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肺损伤中的作用

目的探讨JAK2/STAT 3信号通路在实验性重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)肺损伤中的作用。方法以4%牛磺胆酸钠胰胆管逆行注射诱导大鼠SAP模型。32只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组:对照组(NC组)和SAP 6h、12h、18h组,每组8只。动态测定各组血清淀粉酶(AMY)水平;光镜下观察胰腺及肺组织病理变化,并计算肺湿/干重比;ELISA法检测血清IL-6及IL-18表达情况;West-ern blotting检测肺组织中JAK2和STAT 3蛋白的表达水平。结果与NC组比较,SAP各组AMY水平均明显升高(P<0.01);光镜下胰腺和肺组织损伤随病情进展而逐渐加重;SAP组肺湿/干重比与NC组比较显著升高(P<0.01)。各组血清中均有IL-6及IL-18表达,与NC组比较,SAP各组IL-6及IL-18表达水平均显著上调(P<0.01)。NC组有极少量的JAK2和STAT 3表达,SAP各组JAK2和STAT 3蛋白表达明显高于NC组,且随造模时间延长逐渐增高(P<0.01);JAK2和STAT 3表达变化与肺组织的严重程度一致。结论 JAK2/STAT 3信号通路的激活可诱导IL-6及IL-18过度表达,可能加重SAP时的炎症反应和肺损伤。     

Caspase-1抑制剂对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肝IL-18表达的影响

目的 观察Caspase-1抑制剂对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠肝组织及肝内IL-18表达的影响.方法 采用4%牛磺胆酸钠逆行注入胰胆管诱发SAP模型.SD大鼠42只,随机分为3组:对照组(HC组,n=6);SAP造模 生理盐水组(SAP-S组,n=18);SAP造模 Caspase-1抑制剂组(SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组,n=18).SAP-S组于造模后2h腹腔注射生理盐水1ml,12h后重复1次;SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组于造模后2h腹腔注射ICE抑制剂,12h后重复1次.HC组模拟胰胆管穿刺操作,但不注射药物.SAP-S组与SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组于造模后6、12、18h心脏穿刺抽血,测血清淀粉酶(AMY)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平,并测定腹水量,留取标本在光镜下观察胰腺及肝组织病理学改变,采用免疫组化方法 检测IL-18在肝脏中的表达和定位,并用Western blotting方法 检测肝内成熟IL-18蛋白的表达.结果 与HC组比较,SAP-S组与SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组血清AMY、ALT、AST水平明显升高,腹水量明显增多(P<0.01);与SAP-S组相比,SAP-ICE-Ⅰ各组血清AMY、血清ALT、AST水平和腹水量有显著下降(P<0.01).光镜下,SAP-S组胰腺和肝组织病理损害程度随时间明显加重,与SAP-S组相比,SAIXlCE-Ⅰ组对应时间点胰腺病变程度有所减轻,而肝组织损伤未见明显变化.免疫组化结果 显示,Kupffer细胞胞质中IL-18的表达在SAP-S组和SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组较HC组明显增多,而SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组较SAP-S组明显减少.Western blotting结果 显示,成熟的IL-18表达在SAP-S组各时间点明显升高,与HC组相比均具有显著性差异(P<0.01),SAP-ICE-Ⅰ组各时间点较SAP-S组显著减少(P<0.01),除6h组外均较HC组无显著差异(P>0.05).结论 Caspase-1抑制剂可以抑制成熟的IL-18蛋白的表达,可以有效改善SAP时受损的肝脏功能.     

大柴胡汤联合运动对阻塞性黄疸大鼠肝脏炎症细胞因子的影响

目的:观察中药大柴胡汤联合中等强度有氧运动对大鼠阻塞性黄疸致重症肝损伤肝脏炎症细胞因子的影响。方法:40只SD大鼠随机分为4组:正常组(CG组),模型组(OJ组),中药组,中药+运动组。采用改良的胆总管结扎法构建大鼠阻塞性黄疸致重症肝损伤模型,两中药组于胆总管结扎术后3天进行大柴胡汤灌胃,每天(下午6时)灌胃1次,剂量2 ml/次,共12周。运动组进行坡度5%、速度16.8 m/min、每天45 min、每周5天、共12周的中等强度跑台训练。12周后大鼠禁食过夜,随后分离出肝组织并取材,对各组大鼠肝脏组织损伤情况进行显微结构形态学观察;免疫组化法检测肝组织Toll样受体4(TLR4)及髓样分化因子88(MyD88)蛋白表达水平;RT-PCR法检测肝组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素10(IL-10)mRNA表达水平;生物化学分析法检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)和总胆红素(TBIL)含量。结果:①HE染色显示:正常组肝细胞索排列整齐;模型组大鼠肝细胞大量纤维化,可见大片状肝细胞变性、坏死,乃至肝细胞索结构紊乱;中药组可见肝细胞少量点、片状坏死,肝小叶结构改变,肝索排列欠整齐;中药+运动组无明显组织坏死,肝小叶结构基本正常,肝索排列较整齐。②血清学结果:中药+运动组ALT、AST、TBIL水平较模型组显著降低(P<0.01),中药组ALT、AST水平也显著下降(P<0.05)。③免疫组织化学染色结果显示:中药+运动组大鼠肝组织TLR4、MyD88表达均显著低于模型组(P<0.01)。④RT-PCR结果显示:与模型组比较,中药+运动组大鼠血清IL-6、TNF-α表达降低(P<0.01),而IL-10表达升高(P<0.01)。结论:中等强度有氧运动联合中药大柴胡汤能调节肝脏炎症细胞因子的表达,增强阻塞性黄疸致重症肝损伤大鼠的免疫功能,从而明显减轻阻黄致大鼠肝损伤的程度。     

完整迷走神经刺激对肝细胞炎症反应及细胞因子信号转导抑制因子mRNA表达的影响

目的 观察完整迷走神经刺激(IVNS)对肝细胞炎症反应及细胞因子信号转导抑制因子(SOCS)mRNA的影响.方法 以内毒素血症为全身炎症反应模型.80只SD大鼠随机分为内毒素组、迷走神经刺激组、假手术组和对照组.每组在注射前、注射后2,4,6 h共4个时相点,检测肝组织TNF-α、IL-10水平变化;RT-PCR法检测肝组织SOCS1、SOCS3 mRNA表达.结果 注射LPS后,肝组织TNF-α、IL-10水平升高,其中注射后4 h TNF-α高于注射后2,6 h(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).在LPS注射后的各时相点,迷走神经刺激组TNF-α浓度显著低于内毒素组(P(0.05).注射后4,6 h迷走神经刺激组IL-10水平显著高于注射后2 h水平(P＜0.01),且高于内毒素组(P＜0.05).注射后4 h,LPS组SOCS1、SOCS3 mRNA表达显著高于对照组及假手术组(P＜0.01);迷走神经刺激组SOCS3 mRNA水平高于内毒素组(P＜0.01).结论 IVNS能抑制肝脏炎症反应,其抗炎机制涉及SOCS信号转导途径.     

环氧合酶-2在大鼠酒精性肝损伤中的作用

为探讨环氧合酶-2(COX—2)在大鼠酒精性肝损伤中的作用，将大鼠随机分为3组。正常组：予以玉米油 葡萄糖液灌胃；模型组：玉米油 酒精灌胃；处理组：玉米油 酒精 塞莱昔布(celecoxib，为COX—2选择性抑制剂)灌胃。3周后处死大鼠，然后进行大鼠肝组织切片HE染色、脂肪染色及COX—2免疫组化染色；血清AST、ALT水平、血浆及肝组织匀浆谷胱甘肽—S转移酶(GST)活性测定。结果发现，模型组脂肪染色明显加重，AST升高，肝GST活性降低，COX—2表达增加；而处理组比模型组脂肪染色减轻，AST下降，GST活性上升，肝组织中COX—2表达明显减少。提示使用选择性COX—2抑制剂能减轻大鼠酒精性肝损伤，证实COX—2参与了大鼠酒精性肝损伤过程。     

葡激酶对非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠的治疗作用观察

目的 探讨葡激酶对高脂饲料喂养所致大鼠脂肪肝的治疗作用.方法 Wistar大鼠36只,随机均分为正常喂养(NC)组、高脂喂养模型(FL)组、高脂喂养治疗(TFL)组.后两组采用高脂饲料喂养法建立非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)大鼠模型,TFL组在高脂饲养90d后.在继续高脂饲养的同时隔天尾静脉注射葡激酶0.5mg/kg,20d后处死大鼠.测定各组血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、丙二醛(MDA)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平;计算肝脏指数(肝湿重/体重),测定肝组织过氧化物酶增殖体激活受体α(PPAR-α)mRNA表达情况并行组织病理学检查.结果 FL组肝脏指数(3.77±0.27)明显高于TFL组(3.48±0.29,P<0.05)和NC组(2.57±0.14,P<0.01),TFL组明显高于NC组(P<0.01).与NC组比较,FL组大鼠血清TG、TC、LDL、AST水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),肝组织PPAR-α mRNA表达明显减少(P<0.01).与FL组比较,TFL组大鼠血清TG、TC、LDL、MDA、AST水平明显降低P<0.05或P<0.01,肝组织PPAR-α mRNA表达明显增加(P<0.05).TFL组肝脏指数为3.48±0.29,明显高于FL组(3.77±0.27,P<0.05)和NC组(2.57±0.14,P<0.01),FL组明显高于NC组(P<0.01).结论 葡激酶能够缓解高脂饲养大鼠的脂肪肝症状,其作用机制可能与上调肝脏PPAR-α基因表达水平有关.     

Sigma-1受体在小鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤中的表达和作用

目的 研究Sigma-1受体在小鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤中的表达和作用。方法 将20只小鼠随机分为对照组和肝缺血再灌注组,建立小鼠肝缺血再灌注模型。肝缺血再灌注组分别为缺血1 h再灌注6 h、再灌注12 h和再灌注24 h组。实时荧光定量PCR及Western Blot实验分别检测各组小鼠肝组织Sigma-1受体mRNA及蛋白表达水平。进一步研究Sigma-1受体在小鼠肝缺血再灌注损伤中的作用,将20只小鼠随机分为对照组、缺血再灌注组、Sigma-1受体激动剂组、Sigma-1受体激动剂加抑制剂组。建立小鼠肝缺血再灌注模型1 h前,向激动剂组小鼠腹腔注射Sigma-1受体激动剂4-苯基-1-(4-苯丁基)哌啶,激动剂加抑制剂组小鼠腹腔注射激动剂4-苯基-1-(4-苯丁基)哌啶和抑制剂NE-100。再灌注12 h后通过实时荧光定量PCR检测肝组织肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）、白介素（interleukin,IL）-6和IL-10 mRNA表达水平,ELISA法检测血清TNF-α、IL-6和IL-10水平,检测血清谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）及谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）,苏木精-尹红染色法观察肝组织病理学变化。结果 同对照组比较,缺血1 h再灌注12 h组Sigma-1受体表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。同肝缺血再灌注组比较,Sigma-1受体激动剂组小鼠肝组织TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA表达水平下降,IL-10 mRNA表达水平升高,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平降低,IL-10水平升高,血清ALT、AST水平降低,肝组织病理学损伤减轻(P<0.05)。Sigma-1受体激动剂加抑制剂组小鼠肝组织TNF-α和IL-6 mRNA表达水平较Sigma-1受体激动剂组升高,IL-10 mRNA表达水平下降。血清TNF-α、IL-6水平升高,IL-10水平降低,血清ALT、AST水平升高,肝组织病理学损伤加重(P<0.05)。结论 在小鼠肝缺血再灌注后,Sigma-1受体表达水平升高,促进Sigma-1受体活化可减轻肝缺血再灌注损伤,其机制可能与抑制炎症反应有关。     

中药茵栀清肝汤对四氯化碳大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

 目的研究茵栀清肝汤对四氯化碳诱导急性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用.方法Wstar大鼠随机分为正常组、急性肝损伤模型组、中药治疗低、中、高剂量组,中药组分别予以茵栀清肝汤3g/kg、6g/kg、12g/kg每日一次灌胃,共7 d.末次灌胃后除正常组外,其余所有大鼠予以50%四氯化碳5 ml/kg灌胃1次,24h后处死全部大鼠,收集肝组织及血清标本.对肝组织进行HE染色病理检查;生化方法检测大鼠血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(Aspartate transaminase,AST)、谷氨酸氨基转移酶(Alaninetransaminase,ALT)的活性;测定大鼠血清超氧化歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)及丙二醛(Malondidehyde,MDA)的含量.结果中药茵栀清肝汤治疗组大鼠血清AST、ALT水平较模型组显著降低,显著改善肝组织病理.对急性肝损伤大鼠血清SOD,GSH-PX的活性有明显的升高作用并降低血清MDA的含量.茵栀清肝汤对急性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用呈剂量依赖模式,服用12g/kg剂量大鼠疗效最佳.结论茵栀清肝汤具有显著保护四氯化碳所致大鼠急性肝损伤的作用.     

甘氨酸对大鼠创伤性休克继发肝损伤的防护作用

目的 研究甘氨酸对大鼠创伤性休克后肝组织热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和TNF-αmRNA表达的影响,探讨其对大鼠创伤性休克继发肝损伤的可能保护机制.方法 建立创伤性休克动物模型,120只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分成3组:创伤性休克组(休克组)、甘氨酸治疗组(治疗组)和对照组.在复苏开始时,治疗组大鼠将甘氨酸按100 mg/kg溶于0.5 ml等渗盐水后经颈静脉输入,休克组输以同体积的等渗盐水.分别于复苏后3,6,12,24及48 h 5个时相点处死大鼠.采用RT-PCR法检测肝组织HSP70和TNF-α mRNA表达;观察肝组织病理改变并测定血清ALT和AST水平. 结果 休克组复苏后3 h肝组织HSPTO和TNF-αmRNA表达即增加,复苏后6 h达高峰,治疗组肝组织HSP70 mRNA表达于复苏后12 h达高峰.与休克组比较,治疗组各时相点肝组织TNF-α mRNA表达明显降低(P<0.05),HSP70 mRNA表达明显增强(P<0.05),血清ALT和AST明显降低(P<0.05),肝组织光镜下病理损害明显改善(P<0.05). 结论甘氨酸可能通过增强肝组织HSP70 mRNA表达及抑制TNF-α mRNA表达的途径降低创伤性休克后继发肝损伤的程度.     

肝损伤后检测肝功能指标的实验研究

目的　探讨兔肝脏撞击伤后肝脏功能指标的临床意义。方法　通过建立肝脏撞击伤动物模型 ,分别于伤前、伤后 30分钟、1小时、3小时、6小时、9小时抽血检测谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、谷草转氨酶 (AST)、乳酸脱氢酶 (LD L)、C 反应蛋白等肝功能指标 ,并进行统计学分析。结果　ALT和AST在伤后 30分钟即增高 ,但与伤前比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,1小时以后各时相点与伤前比较均相差显著和非常显著 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,但AST在伤后 9小时无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;LD L在伤后 30分钟与伤前比较相差显著 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,除在伤后 9小时无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )外 ,其它各时相点与伤前比较均相差显著和非常显著 (P<0 .0 5 ;P <0 .0 1)。其它检测指标与伤前比较均无显著性差异。结论　肝脏撞击伤后 ,ALT、AST和LD L是反应肝功能状况的灵敏指标 ,具有重要的临床诊断参考价值     

Efficacy of liver parenchymal enhancement and liver volume to standard liver volume ratio on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for estimation of liver function

Objective

We aimed to develop and assess the efficacy of a liver function index that combines liver enhancement and liver volume to standard liver volume (LV/SLV) ratio on gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI.

Methods

In all, 111 patients underwent a Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI, including T1 mapping, before and 20 min after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration. We calculated the following Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI-based liver function indices: relative enhancement of the liver, corrected enhancement of the liver-to-spleen ratio, LSC_N20, increase rate of the liver-to-muscle ratio, reduction rate of T1 relaxation time of the liver, ΔR1 of the liver and K _Hep; the indices were multiplied by the LV/SLV ratio. We calculated the correlations between an indocyanine green (ICG) clearance and the Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI-based liver function indices multiplied by the LV/SLV ratio, by using Pearson correlation analysis.

Results

There were significant correlations between all Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI-based liver function indices and ICG clearance (r?=??0.354 to ?0.574, P?<?0.001). All Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI-based liver function indices multiplied by the LV/SLV ratio (r?=??0.394 to ?0.700, P?<?0.001) were more strongly correlated with the ICG clearance than those without multiplication by the LV/SLV ratio.

Conclusions

Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI-based liver function indices that combine liver enhancement and the LV/SLV ratio may more reliably estimate liver function.

Key points

? Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI is useful for assessing liver function. ? Liver enhancement on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI correlates with indocyanine green (ICG) clearance. ? Liver volume to standard liver volume (LV/SLV) ratio correlates with ICG clearance. ? Liver enhancement and LV/SLV ratio help to estimate liver function.     

肝组织活检诊断为药物性肝损伤的肝功能异常患者临床特征分析

 目的 分析179例肝组织活检诊断药物性肝损伤的肝功能异常患者临床特征。方法 回顾性分析2010-01至2015-01解放军总医院第五医学中心收治的符合条件的诊断为肝功能异常且可排除甲乙丙戊型病毒性肝炎、EB病毒及CMV病毒性感染、自身免疫性肝病、酒精性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病,以及遗传代谢性肝病导致的肝损伤病例179例。依据肝组织活检病理结果将病例分为急性/亚急性组和慢性组,分析两组间临床特征及病理表现差异。结果 在发病类型方面,急性/亚急性肝损伤以青年为主(64.3%),而对于慢性肝损伤以老年为主(53.7%),差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。临床症状表现中,乏力、肝区不适、发热、皮肤瘙痒方面,两组之间相比差异无统计学意义;而急性/亚急性组中纳差(50.0% vs 30.9%)和尿黄(58.9% vs 35.0%)症状较慢性组更明显(P＜0.05)。肝功能生化检测指标方面,急性/亚急性组在ALT、AST、TBIL、DBIL方面明显高于慢性组,有统计学差异(P＜0.01),但两组在ALP、GGT、ANA的分布比例无统计学差异。急性/亚急性组与慢性组药物性肝损伤的病理表现不同,两组在胆汁淤积病理表现方面没有差异,而急性/亚急性组多见于混合型病理表现,慢性组多见肝细胞损伤病理表现。结论 老年人易发生慢性药物性肝损伤,并且多以肝细胞损伤病理表现为主,对于病因不明的反复肝功能异常老年患者,应警惕慢性药物性肝损伤的可能。     

经颈静脉肝穿刺活检术在弥漫性肝病中的临床应用价值

目的:探讨经颈静脉肝穿刺活检术(TJLB)在弥漫性肝病中的临床应用价值.方法:回顾性分析2019年6月-2020年11月在我院接受TJLB的35例弥漫性肝病患者的病例资料,对一般资料、技术成功率、组织学标本充分性、手术操作时间、穿刺次数、并发症发生率等情况进行分析.结果:10例凝血酶原时间延长>6 s,25例国际标准化...     

A case of liver echinococcosis mimicing a solid liver tumor.

A case of hepatic echinococcosis mimicing a solid tumor was presented. The echinococcosis appeared as an echogenic mass in US, a low density area in CT, and an area of low (T1-weighted image) and high (T2-weighted image) intensity in MRI. Echo-guided biopsy showed PAS-positive cuticle layer of echinococcus in the necrotic tissue. Anular features around the lesion noted in MRI seemed to imply increased hepatic tissue water (congestion and/or edema). When a solid tumor is noted in the liver, proper history taking and awareness of this disease will decrease the chance of misdiagnosis.     

Assessment of liver function in chronic liver diseases and regional function of irradiated liver by means of99mTc-galactosyl-human serum albumin liver scintigraphy and quantitative spectral analysis

Scintigraphy with 99mTc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid galactosyl human serum albumin (99mTc-GSA) was performed on 102 patients, then the hepatic extraction fraction (HEF), the rate constant for liver uptake of the tracer from the blood (K1) and the hepatic blood flow index (HBFI) were determined by spectral analysis. The HEF, K1 and HBFI values correlated moderately or closely with various indices of hepatic function, and the HEF and K1 values decreased according to the stage of liver dysfunction. The HEF and K1 values linearly and nonlinearly correlated with HH15 and LHL15, respectively. The HEF, K1 and HBFI values for the irradiated portion of 20 patients before and alter irradiation were compared. The HEF value in patients with a cirrhotic liver significantly (p < 0.002) decreased compared with that in patients with a normal liver at a dose of less than 40 Gy, whereas the HBFI value in patients with a normal liver significantly (p < 0.05) decreased compared with that in patients with a cirrhotic liver at a dose of 40 Gy or greater. This method appears to be a simple, non-invasive and useful tool with which to quantitatively evaluate liver function and it also helps clarify changes in regional function of the irradiated liver.     

Detection of focal liver lesions in cirrhotic liver using contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Patients with liver cirrhosis are at increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Conventional or baseline ultrasound (BUS) is often used as the first-line tool for HCC surveillance or detection, but the accuracy of BUS in HCC detection or differentiation from other focal liver lesions (FLLs) is limited. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) represents a recent revolution in the field of ultrasonography and it has become increasingly important in the detection and evaluation of FLLs. In CEUS, HCC typically exhibits arterial hyper-enhancement and portal-venous washout represented by hypo-enhanced lesions in the portal venous and late phases. The detection rate of HCC was significantly higher with CEUS compared with BUS. Even regenerative or some dysplastic nodules may exhibit arterial hyper-enhancement as they are differentiated from HCC by its iso-enhancing pattern in portal and late phases. The contrast-enhancement patterns of other different types of benign and malignant FLLs, as well as their detection rates with CEUS, were also discussed.     

Safety of simultaneous colon and liver resection for colorectal liver metastases

BACKGROUND/AIM: Surgical strategy for the treatment of resectable synchronous hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess safety of simultaneous colon and liver rese cions and the direct effects of this type of treatment upon morbidity and mortality of the patients with synchronus hepatic metastases of CRC. METHODS: Intraoperative and postoperative data of 31 patients with simultaneous liver and colorectal resection were compared with the data of 51 patients who had undergone colon and hepatic resection in the staging setting. Analized were demographic data, number of metastases, type of the liver resection, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, percentage of postoperative complications, morbidity and mortality and lenght of hospitalisation. RESULTS: In the group of the patients operated simultaneously 5 hepatectomies, 3 sectionectomies, 2 trisegmentectomies, 3 bisegmentectomy, 6 segmentectomies, and 12 metastasectomies were combined with colon resection. In this group operation time (280 vs. 330 minutes) and in traoperative blood loss (450 vs. 820 ml) were lower than those in the two staged operation group. Postoperative complication rate was lower in the simultaneous group (19.35%o) than in the two-staged operation group (19.60%), without statistical significance. There was no hospital mortality in both groups. The patients having simultaneous resection required fewer days in the hospital (median 10.2 days) than the patients undergone operation in the two stage (18.34 days). CONCLUSION: By avoiding a second laparotomy, overall operation time, blood loss, hospital stay and complication rate are reduced with no change in hospital mortality, so simultaneous colon and hepatic resection performed by the competent surgeons are safe and efficient for the treatment of synchronous colorectal liver metastases.     

肝脏肿瘤和正常肝组织CT灌注参数的可重复性研究

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