Inflammatory pseudotumor of the trachea

Primary tracheal tumors are extremely rare, and the majority of them are malignant. Inflammatory pseudotumor is a benign, tumorlike lesion, most likely of a reactive nature. Its basic morphologic characteristic is spindle cell (myoblasts and fibroblasts) proliferation with a variable number and type of inflammatory cells. A case of intratracheal inflammatory pseudotumor in a 14-year-old boy is presented together with a review of all similar lesions in the available literature. The discussion includes the presentation of tracheal tumors, their basic morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics, and treatment modalities that are available. The surgeon must exercise caution not to perform radical surgery based on the initial pathologic diagnosis from the intraoperative frozen section, because the prognosis of these benign lesions generally is excellent. This is the second reported case of intratracheal inflammatory pseudotumor successfully endoscopically vaporized using a CO(2) laser, which is an excellent alternative in cases in which surgical treatment is feasible. J Pediatr Surg 36:631-634.     

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (inflammatory pseudotumor) of the neck infiltrating the trachea

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), popularly known as inflammatory pseudotumor, is a slow growing quasi-neoplastic lesion with a distinct histologic appearance and benign clinical course. A case of a neck IMT with infiltration into the trachea causing asthmalike symptoms in a 12-year-old girl is described. Both tracheal and neck IMT have been described, but no other case has displayed this infiltration. A review of the pertinent literature and the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of this tumor are discussed. It is important to consider IMT in a differential diagnosis because it can be easily misdiagnosed as a malignancy. A surgeon must not perform radical surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy until a final pathologic diagnosis is made because of the nature of this lesion.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder.

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder is an unusual benign lesion arising from the bladder submucosa. We present 2 cases and describe the clinical presentation, and radiographic and histological findings. This benign lesion must be differentiated histologically from several malignant lesions of the bladder. Complete surgical excision, either by transurethral resection or partial cystectomy, appears to be curative.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder in neonates.

Inflammatory pseudotumors of the bladder are rare in children. We describe a 7-day-old male neonate with inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder. He presented with a 3-day history of macroscopic hematuria. Ultrasonography, computed tomography and cystoscopy showed an intravesical mass arising from the right lateral wall. Pathologic findings obtained by open excision revealed that the tumor had spindle-shaped cells without significant atypia infiltrating into submucosal fibrous tissue. There has been no evidence of recurrent tumor 12 months post-operatively. To our knowledge our case is the first presentation in a neonate among the reported pediatric cases.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the kidney

Renal inflammatory pseudotumor is a very rare benign condition of unknown etiology characterized by proliferative myofibroblasts, fibroblasts, histiocytes, and plasma cells. We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the kidney. A 42-year-old female was admitted with the complaint of right flank pain. Computerized tomography revealed a tumor, 7 cm in diameter, in the upper pole of the right kidney. Right radical nephrectomy was performed under the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Histological examination demonstrated a tumor composed of spindle-shaped fibroblastic cells infiltrated by variable numbers of plasma cells, small lymphocytes and histiocytes. The pathologic diagnosis was renal inflammotory pseudotumor.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the bladder

A case report presents a 30-year-old lady with a pseudotumor of the bladder as large as a fist. The tumor originated from an inflammation around the rest of a suture following appendectomy with a latency of 7 years.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver (IPL) is a rare benign neoplasm. It often masquerades as a malignancy, either primary or metastatic. We describe the case of a 71-year-old man who presented with fever and malaise. Workup revealed a cecal mass, as well as a lesion in the left lobe of the liver. Pathologic examination showed a cecal neoplasm and a hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. The patient recovered uneventfully. This case highlights the ability of IPL to masquerade as a malignant hepatic neoplasm, and emphasizes the difficulties in diagnosis.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen is a very rare benign lesion of unknown etiology. Splenectomy is recommended to obtain histological diagnosis and to eliminate a malignant tumor.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the kidney

A 38-year-old man without prior contributory history presented complaining of a tumor in the left upper abdomen without tenderness. Suspecting renal cell carcinoma of the dark cell type, a nephrectomy was performed. Microscopic examination showed a proliferation of spindle cells containing numerous blood vessels. A diffuse infiltrate of lymphocytes and plasma cells was scattered throughout the lesion.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the ureter

Inflammatory myofibroblastic pseudotumors are rare solid tumors found in most soft tissue locations although mainly in the lung. Their etiology is uncertain, and they are generally considered benign although some have a potential for recurrence and dissemination. Recent studies have suggested, however, that some of these tumors are in fact neoplastic processes that harbor chromosomal aberrations similar to those seen in certain lymphomas. The authors report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the ureter in a child and discuss recent reports.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the thymus

A 44-year-old man with inflammatory pseudotumor of the thymus is reported. The patient was seen with fever, myalgia, and dyspnea and was found to have an anterior mediastinal mass and bilateral pleural effusions. The resected lesion consisted of a well-circumscribed mass of chronic inflammatory and fibrous tissue that virtually replaced the thymus. There was no morphological evidence of neoplasia. The patient's symptoms and roentgenographic abnormalities resolved with excision of most of the mass. To our knowledge, this report is the first instance of inflammatory pseudotumor of the thymus.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the spleen

We report a case of a patient with inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the spleen. IPTs can appear at many sites and represent rear lesions of uncertain etiopathogenesis. Usually they present as mass lesions, so the clinical and radiologic features often suggest malignancy. However, the microscopic findings are quite characteristic, and the diagnosis can be made readily by identifying the reactive nature of the cells. Diagnostic problems can arise when these lesions occur in lymphoid organs or the spleen.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the kidney

Inflammatory pseudotumours are rare lesions that may appear in several organs, and sporadically in the bladder and the renal pelvis. Aetiology is unknown and they show a non-malignant behaviour although differential diagnosis with other neoplasia such as leiomyosarcoma and rabdomyosarcoma must be established. Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry are commonly used techniques to achieve diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to examine the second case report of intrarenal inflammatory pseudotumour.     

Inflammatory pseudotumor of the choroid plexus. Case report

The authors report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor that developed in the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle. The patient was a 73-year-old man who had undergone surgery for rectal cancer at another hospital 5 years earlier. He was referred to the authors' department, with his chief symptoms consisting of disorientation, right hemiparesis, and gait disorder that had gradually developed during the preceding month. On computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, a well-demarcated and homogeneously contrasted tumorous lesion was noted in the region from the trigone to the medial wall of the inferior horn of the left lateral ventricle. Expansion of the inferior horn was also evident. Intraoperative findings showed that the tumor originated from the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle, and the histopathological diagnosis was inflammatory pseudotumor. There are only 4 previously reported cases of inflammatory pseudotumor that developed in the choroid plexus; the authors review the literature and discuss the clinicopathological characteristics of the condition.