HBV携带产妇血清与乳汁HBV-DNA载量的临床分析

目的 通过检测HBsAg阳性产妇的血清及乳汁HBV-DNA载量,探讨产妇血清和乳汁HBV-DNA的相关性,以指导母乳喂养.方法 选取2006年5月至2010年11月在产科住院分娩的HBsAg阳性产妇220例,采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测产妇血清和乳汁HBV-DNA载量.结果 (1)220例HBsAg阳性产妇中135例HBV-DNA阳性,阳性率为62.3%;220例中85例HBV-DNA阴性产妇的初乳、半月乳及满月乳HBV-DNA均阴性;135例HBV-DNA阳性产妇的初乳HBV-DNA检测26例阳性,阳性率为19.3%(26/135);余109例HBV-DNA阳性产妇复检半月乳HBV-DNA 阳性47例,阳性率为43.1%(47/109);再余62例HBV-DNA阳性产妇复检满月乳HBV-DNA阳性35例,阳性率为56.5%(35/62);135例HBV-DNA阳性产妇中27例的初乳、半月乳及满月乳HBV-DNA均阴性,阴性率为20.0%(27/135).(2)半月乳及满月乳分别与初乳比较,HBV-DNA阳性率均显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);半月乳(54.1%)及满月乳(80.0%)分别与初乳(19.3%)比较,HBV-DNA累计阳性率均显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 血清HBV-DNA阴性产妇的乳汁是相对安全的,HBV-DNA阳性产妇乳汁中大多有HBV的存在,应避免母乳喂养,以防止传染.检测HBsAg阳性产妇乳汁HBV-DNA载量,可以直接反映产妇传染性的强弱,对指导母乳喂养提供了可靠依据.     

人乳中免疫物质和部分元素含量测定在健康教育中的应用

目的 通过人乳中7种元素及免疫物质分析测定并得出其含量正常值，指导孕产妇人乳喂养健康教育，方法 用离子选择电极测定K+和Na++含量，用生化全自动分析仪检测分娩后初乳中CL-、C8H、MgH、PH、FeH的含量。采取免疫比浊法测定分娩后初乳、过渡乳、成熟乳中SIgA、IgG、IgM、C3、C4浓度。结果 ①7种元素的均值初乳中的含量均高于成熟乳中含量(P<0.01)。②过渡乳、成熟乳中抗体、补体含量较初乳中含量明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 重视最初1-2周人乳喂养，早吸吮、早开奶可获得更多免疫因子，预防感染，做好孕产妇健康教育。     

针筒收集初乳法配合负压可调式平衡吸乳器在母婴分离产妇中的应用效果及对早期泌乳的影响观察

目的分析针筒收集初乳法配合负压可调式平衡吸乳器在母婴分离产妇中的应用效果及对早期泌乳的影响。方法选取自然分娩的母婴分离产妇72例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组各36例。对照组给予产妇负压可调式平衡吸乳器进行干预,研究组使用针筒收集初乳法配合负压可调式平衡吸乳器进行干预。比较两组产妇血清泌乳素水平、焦虑和抑郁情况、乳房胀痛和乳腺炎发生率及护理满意率。结果干预后,研究组血清泌乳素水平高于对照组(P<0.05);产后乳汁分泌量高于对照组(P<0.05);SAS、SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05);乳房胀痛、乳腺炎发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);护理满意率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针筒收集初乳法配合负压可调式平衡吸乳器应用于母婴分离产妇中应用可明显降低产妇的乳房肿胀发生率,促进乳腺管尽早疏通,有效刺激乳汁分泌,提高产妇舒适度,进而改善产妇焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪。     

乙型肝炎病毒感染产妇乳汁中的标志物检测分析

目的 探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染产妇产后能否进行母乳喂养.方法 选择住院分娩的乙型肝炎(下称乙肝)标志物阳性产妇80例(肝功能均正常,其中大三阳35例,小三阳45例).分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)检测产妇乳汁中的乙肝病毒标志物及HBV-DNA含量,并对结果进行综合分析.结果两组乳汁中乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、乙肝病毒e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、HBV-DNA阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 产妇初乳中HBV-DNA阳性及产妇血清中大三阳者(HBsAg、HBeAg、抗-HBc阳性)不提倡哺乳;初乳中单纯HBsAg阳性,而HBV-DNA为阴性的产妇可以哺乳.     

乙型肝炎产妇血清与乳汁HBV标志物检测意义

目的调查乙型肝炎(下称乙肝)病毒携带产妇血清乙肝病毒DNA(HBV-DNA)含量、乙肝血清免疫学指标与乳汁中HBV-DNA含量及阳性率的关系,以指导母乳喂养。方法选择血清乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)为阳性的乙肝携带者的产妇116例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清及乳汁中免疫血清学标志物;荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)技术测定血清与乳汁与中HBV-DNA含量,并对所有检测指标进行相关性分析。结果在ELISA检测中HBsAg乳汁中阳性率为62.1%,低于血清结果差异有统计学意义(P0.01);其他免疫学标志物乙肝e抗原(HBeAg)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(HBsAb)、乙肝病毒e抗体(HBeAb)、前S1抗原差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。HBV-DNA检测结果中HBeAg阳性组血清HBV-DNA阳性率97.6%,乳汁HBV-DNA阳性率85.7%,二者差异无统计学意义(P0.05);HBeAb阳性组血清HBV-DNA阳性率12.1%,乳汁HBV-DNA检2例,阳性率2.7%,二者差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。乳汁HBV-DNA的含量随血清HBV-DNA含量的升高而增大,二者呈正相关(r=0.864,P0.05)。结论乙肝产妇免疫学标志物不只是能决定进行母乳喂养的指标,同时还应检测血清HBV-DNA与乳汁HBV-DNA,两者均为阴性才能进行哺乳。     

125例乙肝病毒携带产妇乳汁HBV-DNA与血清HBV-DNA水平的相关性分析

目的 通过分析乙肝产妇血清标志物与血清、乳汁HBV-DNA含量的关系,探讨母乳喂养安全性问题并指导母乳喂养.方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time quantitative PCR,RQ-PCR)方法,对125例乙肝产妇,测定其血清标志物,同时检测血清、乳汁中HBV-DNA含量.结果 血清HBV-DNA阳性产妇中,HBeAg(+)占76%,HBeAg(-)占24%,乳汁HBV-DNA阳性产妇中,HBeAg(+)占80%,HBeAg(-)占20%,两组比较有显著差异;血清HBeAg(+)产妇中,血清HBV-DNA阳性占93.3%,乳汁HBV-DNA阳性占77.3%,血清HBeAg(-)产妇中,血清HBV-DNA阳性占32%,乳汁HBV-DNA阳性占20%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);血清中HBV-DNA含量与乳汁中HBV-DNA含量呈正相关,(r=0.591,P<0.05).结论 产妇血清与乳汁HBV-DNA含量具有密切相关性,定量检测其含量,能确定哺乳方式,指导母乳喂养.而血清中的HBeAg与血清、乳汁中HBV-DNA含量无明显关系,HBeAg血清标志物检测不能作为产妇哺乳传染性指标.     

HBV感染产妇乳汁中乙肝病毒标志物检测分析

目的探讨HBV感染产妇产后能否进行母乳喂养。方法选择住院分娩的乙型肝炎产妇321例(肝功能均正常),其中血清HBsAg、HBeAb(+/-)、HBcAb阳性210例为小三阳组,HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb均阳性111例为大三阳组。分别留取产后3～5d的初乳进行乳汁乙肝病毒标志物(HBV M)检测。结果两组乳汁中HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb、HBV DNA阳性率比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论产妇初乳中HBV DNA阳性及产妇血清中大三阳者(HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb阳性)不提倡哺乳;初乳中单纯HBsAg阳性,而HBV DNA为阴性的产妇可以哺乳。     

不同地区母乳中脂肪酸含量及初乳与成熟乳中脂肪酸含量的比较

背景:人乳中富含的长链多价不饱和脂肪酸(longchainpolyunsaturatedfattyacid,LCPUFAs)对婴儿的脑和视网膜的发育有着非常重要的作用,因此了解母乳中这些脂肪酸的含量十分必要。目的:研究中国不同地区母乳中多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturatedfattyacid,PUFA)含量的差别。设计:横断面研究。地点、对象和方法:选择上海市区和郊区以及浙江省舟山群岛3个地区的健康产妇共196例,其中上海市区产妇60例,上海郊区(崇明县)产妇40例,浙江省舟山群岛产妇96例。采用石英毛细管柱气相色谱法对母乳中PUFA的含量进行了测定。主要观察指标:上海市区、上海郊区和浙江舟山地区母乳中脂肪酸的含量以及初乳与成熟乳中脂肪酸含量的比较。结果:上海市区产妇成熟母乳中亚油酸的含量犤(27.30±5.86)%犦显著高于郊区崇明县产妇母乳中亚油酸的含量犤(20.18±3.86)%犦,差异有非常显著性意义(t=6.770,P<0.001),也显著高于浙江舟山地区成熟母乳中亚油酸的含量犤(19.75±3.33)%犦(t=7.460,P<0.001)。而母乳中二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoicacid,DHA)的含量在浙江舟山地区犤(0.68±0.23)%犦显著高于上海市区犤(0.42 0.19)%犦,差异有非常显著性意义(t=6.203,P<0.001)和上海郊区母乳中DHA的含量犤(0.42±0.16)%犦,差异有非常显著性意义(t=5     

间苯三酚与缩宫素促足月单胎产妇宫颈成熟的临床效果分析

目的:探讨间苯三酚联合缩宫素用于足月单胎产妇促宫颈成熟的临床效果。方法:选取2018年1月～2019年1月就诊需引产分娩的足月单胎产妇84例,按随机数字表法分为对照组与试验组,各42例。对照组给予缩宫素促宫颈成熟,试验组在对照组治疗基础上加用间苯三酚促宫颈成熟。对比两组分娩情况、产程进展情况及产后并发症发生情况。结果:试验组Bishop评分(6.82±0.88)分高于对照组的(4.18±0.48)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产后阴道出血量,第二、第三产程时间对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组剖宫产率低于对照组,阴道分娩率高于对照组,总产程、第一产程时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组产后并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:间苯三酚联合缩宫素可有效促进足月单胎产妇宫颈成熟,提高阴道分娩率,缩短产程,减少产后并发症发生,安全性高。     

不同乳汁成分乙型肝炎病毒DNA定量检测的结果分析

目的分析不同乳汁成分中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)-DNA定量检测的结果,为乳汁标本HBV-DNA检测提供参考和依据。方法对152例乙肝产妇乳汁分别选用混匀乳汁、乳酪、乳清和沉淀进行HBV-DNA定量检测。结果选用不同的检测对象时,HBV-DNA检测的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.437,P=0.933);HBV-DNA载量间差异有统计学意义(F=2.835,P=0.043),沉淀中HBV-DNA载量高于乳清中HBV-DNA载量;两两比较后,混匀乳汁、乳酪、乳清间检测结果差异无统计学意义(P0.05),混匀乳汁、乳酪、沉淀间检测结果差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对乳汁标本进行HBV-DNA定量检测时,混匀乳汁可能是更为适合的检测对象。     

Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging Activity of Human Colostrum,Transitional and Mature Milk

Human milk from healthy women contains numerous nutrients such as antioxidants which are necessary for newborns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and free radical scavenging activity in human milk during the first six month period of lactation and also its relationship to maternal plasma. A total of 505 milk samples (colostrum, transitional and mature milks) collected from 115 healthy women with full term newborns. Blood plasma was obtained from 58 women at 3 months postpartum. The TAC of samples were measured by Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power assay and free radical scavenging activity were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. TAC was obviously higher in colostrums than transitional and mature milks. Similar results were observed for DPPH radical scavenging activity of the samples. There was a high significant correlation between the results of these two methods. The relationship between the antioxidant content of human milk and maternal plasma was also significant. These data suggest that using colostrum, with high antioxidant potential during the first days of life is vital; moreover, reduction in total TAC during the course of lactation may needs more attention about nutritional status.     

认知干预对产后乳汁分泌影响的探讨

目的：探讨有效的健康教育方法，提高纯母乳喂养率。方法：将423例产妇随机分为干预组210例和对照组213例，对干预组在常规护理的同时配合健康教育，进行认知干预，观察两组初乳分泌及纯母乳喂养情况。结果：干预组初乳分泌时间平均为5．24h，对照组为11．79h；干预组纯母乳喂养率为97．61％，对照组为74．17％(P＜0．01)。结论：对产妇进行健康教育认知干预，是促进早开奶，提高纯母乳喂养率的有效措施。     

携带乙型肝炎病毒产妇血清与初乳HBV DNA载量关联性研究

目的 研究产妇血清与其初乳汁乙型肝炎病毒(HBV) DNA载量的关联性.方法 选取住院分娩产妇共522例,依据HBV五项血清学指标,分为A组:乙肝"HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb均阳性"103例,B组:乙肝"HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb均阳性"221例,C组:HBsAg、HBeAg阳性20例,D组:HBsAg、HBcAb阳性43例,E组:乙肝其他血清模式49例,另选F组:HBV模式全阴性的产妇86例作为对照组;均采用ELISA法检测产妇血清、乳汁中HBV标志物HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb、HBcAb,阳性者采用该项目胶体金标试纸复核,同时采用实时荧光定量PCR检测产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA载量,对相关数据进行统计分析.结果 对年龄18～44岁围产期妇女体检乙肝感染指标,A组乙肝"HBsAg、HBeAg、HBcAb均阳性"产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA诊断灵敏度分别为100.00%(103/103)和86.41%(89/103)、血清HBV DNA载量平均为4.11×108 copies/ml;B组乙肝"HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb均阳性"产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA诊断灵敏度分别为19.46%(43/221)和2.71%(6/221),血清HBV DNA载量平均为6.85×104 copies/ml ;C组乙肝HBsAg、HBeAg阳性产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA诊断灵敏度分别为100.00%(20/20)和80.00%(16/20),血清HBV DNA载量平均为8.27×106 copies/ml ;D组HBsAg、HBcAb阳性产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA诊断灵敏度分别为65.12%(28/43)和25.58%(11/43),血清HBV DNA载量平均为2.89×105 copies/ml ;E组HBV其他模式产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA诊断灵敏度分别为10.20%(5/49)和2.04%(1/49),血清HBV DNA载量平均为1.59×104 copies/ml ;F组乙肝五项全阴性产妇血清和乳汁HBV DNA诊断灵敏度分别为1.16%(1/86)和0(0/86),血清HBV DNA载量＜1.00×103 copies/ml.A组与B组间乳汁HBV DNA实验诊断阳性差异有统计学意义(χ2=237.45,P＜0.01).HBV携带者乳汁HBV DNA载量与其血液HBV DNA载量呈正相关(r=0.721).结论 携带HBV产妇乳汁HBV DNA载量远低于血液HBV DNA载量;乳汁中HBV传染性也低于血液传染性;研究证实A组产妇经母乳HBV传染性是"HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb均阳性"产妇的87.45倍,HBV其他模式者乳汁传染性与乙肝"HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb均阳性"产妇乳汁传染性相近.     

Increases of IgA milk concentrations correlate with IgA2 increment

IgA, IgA1, and IgA2 concentrations were determined in 81 defatted human milk samples: colostrum (days 1-5, n = 42), transitional milk (days 6-14, n = 18) and mature milk (days 15-75, n = 21) by immunonephelometry. Correlations were found between total IgA levels and the concentrations of both IgA subclasses (P < 0.0001). The levels of the three molecules decreased over lactation with significant differences (P < 0.05) between colostrum and transitional milk levels and between colostrum and mature milk. Colostral IgA1 and IgA2 mean concentrations dropped respectively from 10.89 +/- 2.12 g/L, and 15.41 +/- 2.10 g/L to 1.83 +/- 0.73 g/L and 3.40 +/- 1.25 g/L in transitional milk reaching finally to 0.36 +/- 0.07 g/L and 0.27 +/- 0.06 g/L in mature milk. IgA2 concentrations were higher than those of IgA1 when the total IgA level was high. The IgA2 levels in colostrum could be an adaptation resistance of IgA to potentially harmful pathogens able to secrete IgA proteases and also a way to regulate colonization of the microflora in the newborn.     

Secretory IgA enzyme immunoassay. Application of a model for computation of the standard curve

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is applied for quantitation of secretory IgA (SIgA) in nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) and saliva. In principle, both the alpha and secretory component determinants of SIgA are utilized in a two-site sandwich technique. Dilutions of a SIgA solution prepared from colostrum (Col-SIgA) are used for standards. A continuous SIgA standard curve, describing the relationship between the absorbance of the coloured end product and the corresponding Col-SIgA dilution, is computed by means of a fitting procedure based on a model. The variation (SD) of the absorbance was found to be proportional to the absorbance level. Knowing the SD of the absorbance, the total variation of the SIgA estimates could be calculated experimentally by means of Monte Carlo methods. Based on these results, the analytical range was chosen from 2000 micrograms/l to 50 micrograms/l of SIgA. Inhibition experiments revealed that plasma IgA could be added to the NPS in equal amounts to the SIgA content without it interfering with the SIgA measurements. Percentage recovery (median) of known amounts of SIgA added to NPS was 96%. In NPS from children suffering from recurrent upper respiratory tract infections the median SIgA level was 1.44 g/l (interquartile range 0.61-2.43 g/l); in saliva from healthy children the median SIgA content was 77 mg/l (interquartile range 56-182 mg/l).     

足月产妇120例初乳免疫球蛋白水平变化分析

作者通过对120例足月正常产妇，产后1～6d初乳内免疫球蛋白水平的检测，进一步阐明初乳的优点及初乳对新生儿健康的重要性。产后1周内如何开发利用好初乳，做到纯母乳喂养，关键在于临床护理工作的进一步深入。     

Effect of riboflavin status on the homocysteine-lowering effect of folate in relation to the MTHFR (C677T) genotype

BACKGROUND: Riboflavin (vitamin B(2)) is the precursor for FAD, the cofactor for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). MTHFR catalyzes the formation of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, which acts as a methyl donor for homocysteine remethylation. Individuals with the MTHFR 677C-->T mutation have increased plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations, particularly in association with low folate status. It has been proposed that riboflavin may act together with folate to lower plasma tHcy, particularly in individuals with the thermolabile MTHFR T variant. METHODS: We measured B-vitamin status and plasma tHcy in 126 healthy individuals 20-63 years of age (42 CC, 42 CT, and 42 TT MTHFR genotypes) at baseline and after three interventions (4 months): placebo plus natural diet; daily 400 microg folic acid supplement plus natural diet; and increased dietary folate to 400 microg/day. RESULTS: At baseline and after nutritional intervention, lower riboflavin status was associated with increased plasma tHcy concentrations. Plasma tHcy was 2.6 micromol/L higher in the lowest plasma riboflavin quartile compared with the highest (P <0.02) and was 4.2 micromol/L higher in the highest erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient (EGRAC) quartile compared with the lowest (P <0.001). This effect was not restricted to those with the T allele. Folic acid given as a 400 microg/day supplement appeared to exacerbate a tendency toward riboflavin deficiency, as suggested by an increase in the proportion of individuals with EGRAC > or =1.4 from 52% to 65% after supplementation (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Folate and riboflavin interact to lower plasma tHcy, possibly by maximizing the catalytic activity of MTHFR. The effect may be unrelated to MTHFR genotype.     

Changes in the kappa-casein and beta-casein concentrations in human milk during lactation.

A microparticle-enhanced nephelometric immunoassay was developed for kappa-casein quantification in human milk. Together with a previously reported beta-casein comparable immunoassay, it was applied to 862 samples milk, collected from 82 mothers, to investigate the changes in casein concentrations in human milk during the first twelve weeks of lactation. kappa-casein immunoassay is sensitive (detection limit in the reaction mixture, 0.02 mg/L) and can be performed in diluted milk, excluding any interference or sample pretreatment. It allowed the quantitation of kappa-casein over a large range of concentrations (0.14-4.56 g/L) with accuracy and precision (coefficients of variation from 3 to 10%). beta- and kappa-casein concentrations and percentages among milk total proteins increase between colostrum (2.6 g/L, 14.3% and 1.2 g/L, 6. 5%, respectively) and transitional milk (4.4 g/L, 33.2% and 1.3 g/L, 9.5%), decrease at different rates from the third to the eighth week, then remain stable at least up to the end of the third month of lactation (2.7 g/L, 25.3% and 0.9 g/L, 8.5%). The beta-casein/kappa-casein ratio is higher in colostrum (0.61) than in transitional and mature milk (0.30) and could be related to a better digestibility of colostrum casein micelles by the neonate during the first days of life.     

Gender, age and seasonal effects on IgA deficiency: a study of 7293 Caucasians

BACKGROUND: The frequency of serum IgA deficiency (SIgAD) differs between populations. We examined the prevalence of SIgAD in healthy Caucasians. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serum immunoglobulin A (SIgA) was measured in 7293 volunteers (2264 women, 5029 men) aged 30 +/- 14.2 years (mean +/- SD; range: 12-66). Serum immunoglobulin A and subnormal SIgA levels were defined by a SIgA level < 0.07 g L(-1), and between 0.07 and 0.7 g L(-1), respectively. Means were compared by analysis of variance (anova) and analysis of covariance (ancova); frequencies by the chi(2) test. RESULTS: Fifteen subjects (0.21%; one woman, 14 men) had SIgAD. Subnormal SIgA levels were found in 155 persons (2.13%): 21 females (0.93% of the females) and 134 males (2.66% of the males; difference: 1.74%; 95% CI: 1.12-2.33%; P < 0.001). Males were more likely to have subnormal SIgA levels or SIgAD (odds ratio 3.09, 95% CI: 1.97-4.85). The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA was lowest in winter (chi(2) = 14.8; P = 0.002; 3 d.f.; and chi(2) = 43.2; P < 0.001; 3 d.f., respectively). Serum immunoglobulin A concentrations were significantly higher during winter. Serum immunoglobulin A levels increased with age on average by 0.2 +/- 0.06 g L(-1) per decade of life (P < 0.001). Taking into account the influence of age, SIgA concentration was lower in females as compared with males. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA levels is increased in males. There exists a significant influence of gender, age and seasons on SIgA levels.     

The determination of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the colostrums of women in preterm labor

BACKGROUND: Human milk not only contains nutrients and antibodies, but also can be used as an indicator for levels of organic pollutants in human bodies. We developed a method for determining persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the colostrum of women in preterm labor, the POPs of 36 colostrum samples have been examined. METHODS: Thirty-six samples of colostrum from preterm women were extracted by acetone-acetonitrile, enriched and purified by solid-phase Florisil columns. The purified POPs were further separated by the capillary columns, and detected by the gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD). RESULTS: The average recovery rates of 6 types of organochlorine-based pesticides were 80.2%-112.1%, which represent the first 3 categories of the 12 species of POPs. The precise quantities detected were 3.85%-9.32% (the limits of detection were 0.03 mug/l to 0.08 mug/l), and the linear correlation coefficients were >/=0.9969. Of the 36 women tested, 10 (27.8%) were found to have colostrums containing traces of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), and 2 (5.56%) were tested positive for dieldrin. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of using GC-ECD proved to be both accurate and reliable, and this process proved to be both simple and time-effective. This method is applicable for determining the levels of POPs in organisms.