Central giant cell granuloma of the anterior maxilla

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) formerly called giant cell reparative granuloma is a non-neoplastic proliferative lesion of unknown etiology. It occurs most commonly in the mandible. The case reported here resembled a wide variety of conditions that led to a misdiagnosis both on clinical and radiographic examination but was histopathologically diagnosed as CGCG. We describe a case of central giant cell granuloma arising from the anterior maxilla to highlight to the general dental practitioner the importance of histopathology in the diagnosis of this enigmatic lesion.     

Central giant cell granuloma: a troublesome lesion

This case reports a central giant cell granuloma, an uncommon but potentially troublesome idiopathic benign lesion. Its radiographic similarity to a routine inflammatory periradicular lesion led to not only delay in diagnosis, but also further delay in successful treatment.     

Central giant cell granuloma mimicking an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

Central giant cell granulomas are non-neoplastic lesions of unknown etiology. They affect females more than males with the mandibular anterior region being the most common site of occurrence. Clinically central giant cell granulomas present as asymptomatic, expansile swellings causing deviation of associated teeth. Radiologically they usually presents as multilocular lesions causing expansion or perforation of cortical bone. Central giant cell granulomas are usually confused as other lesions both clinically and radiologically, and a definitive diagnosis can be made only histologically. We report here a rare case of central giant cell granuloma in association with congenitally missing tooth which was misdiagnosed to be an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor both clinically and radiologically. This case report also highlights yet another unique presentation of central giant cell granulomas that is in association with a congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor.     

Central giant cell granuloma in palate associated with orthodontic treatment

A case report of a central giant cell granuloma in the palate, which arose after orthodontic treatment, is presented with a review of relevant literature. Treatment options and clinical implications are also discussed.     

Central giant cell granuloma in child: a case report

The central giant cell granuloma or CGCG is a benign intraosseous lesion of the jaw. It is found predominantly in children and young adults. A case of 10 year old male child with CGCG in mandible is presented.     

Peripheral giant cell granuloma

Peripheral giant cell granuloma is a benign reactive lesion of gingiva. It manifests as a firm, soft, bright nodule or as a sessile or pedunculate mass. This article reports the management of peripheral giant cell granuloma in a 12-year-old boy by surgical excision.     

Central giant cell granuloma or cherubism: Report of a case

Central osseous tumors, which are radiographically multilocular and have multinucleated giant cells microscopically, present the surgeon and the pathologist with a diagnostic dilemma. In the case presented here the histologic diagnosis of central giant cell granuloma conflicts with the presentation of an atypical case of cherubism. Central giant cell granuloma and cherubism are discussed briefly, and the necessity of basing the final diagnosis on clinical presentation is demonstrated.     

Central giant cell granuloma of the mandible. A case report

Although a benign lesion, the central giant cell granuloma can be locally aggressive and quite destructive. The case reported here involved a giant cell lesion occurring in the mandibular symphysis of an 11-year-old girl. The treatment required four hospital admissions over a period of 4 years. The surgical intervention was complicated by a localized infection requiring closed reduction and bone grafting. The patient was followed over a period of 8 years, during which there was no recurrence of tumor or infection subsequent to the last surgical procedure.     

Central giant cell granuloma of the jaws: assessment of cell cycle proteins

BACKGROUND: Several reports have demonstrated the presence of a high proliferative activity in central giant cell granuloma, raising the possibility that deregulation of the cell cycle may contribute to its pathogenesis. As we identified alterations of cyclin D1 in giant cell tumor of bone, and as there are histologic similarities between central giant cell granuloma and giant cell tumor, we assessed jaw lesions for the presence of similar alterations. METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from 29 cases of central giant cell granuloma was assessed for the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin B1, and MIB-1 (Ki-67) using immunohistochemistry. In addition, differential polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine whether there was cyclin D1 gene amplification. RESULTS: The cyclin D1 gene copy number appeared to be minimally elevated in 31% of the cases. Cyclin D1 protein overexpression was observed in 28 of 29 cases (96.5%). Immunostaining was present predominantly in the nuclei of the giant cells. Cyclin B1 and MIB-1 immunoreactivity was restricted to the mononuclear cells with no staining present in the giant cells. CONCLUSIONS: Cyclin D1 protein overexpression may be involved in the formation of the giant cells and the pathogenesis of central giant cell granuloma. As the distribution of immunostaining is identical to that observed in giant cell tumor of bone, our results support the possibility that central giant cell granuloma of the jaws and giant cell tumor of bone represent a similar disease process that clinically and histologically may have somewhat different features because of differences in the anatomical site of involvement.     

Central giant cell granuloma and fibrous dysplasia occurring in the same jaw

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a developmental tumor like condition that is characterized by replacement of normal bone by an excessive proliferation of cellular fibrous connective tissue intermixed with irregular bony trabeculae. Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is described as a benign lesion affecting the mandible and maxilla that consists of a massive fibrohistiocytic proliferation with numerous heavily hemosiderin-laden multinucleate-giant cells. A 20 year old woman present at the Department of Oral Medicine, Dentistry School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences with a slowly growing non painful swelling of the right mandible for one year. Our differential diagnosis was osteoma, osteoid osteoma and Fd. The histological feature reveal Central giant cell granuloma fibrous dysplasia. Central giant cell granuloma and fibrous dysplasia occurring in the same jaw is rarely reported in the literatures.