中国六地不同泌乳期母乳矿物质含量研究

  目的  调查中国不同泌乳期母乳矿物质含量水平,为婴儿配方(简称婴配)食品研发提供科学依据。  方法  在成都市、上海市、天津市、广州市、长春市、兰州市等六地区招募处于不同泌乳期的健康产妇690例,收集产妇产后0~5 d、10~14 d、40~45 d、200~240 d和300~400 d母乳,每个城市每个泌乳期收集23例母乳,将其混成1份混乳,共获30份混乳。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定母乳12种矿物质(钾、钙、钠、镁、磷、铁、铜、锌、硒、锰、钼和铬)含量。  结果  母乳锌含量下降趋势最明显,整个泌乳期下降近90%(均有P＜0.05);钾、钠、锌、铁、铜和硒的浓度受泌乳时间影响大,随泌乳时间延长呈下降趋势(均有P＜0.05),200 d后趋于稳定;钙磷浓度的下降趋势较平缓;而镁含量在整个泌乳期变化不大。除钙、磷、铜、镁外,其余矿物质含量在地区间差异无统计学意义(均有P＞0.05)。  结论  不同泌乳期、不同地区间母乳矿物质含量存在差异。婴配食品应考虑中国母乳矿物质含量的代表性水平,并针对不同泌乳期婴幼儿的营养需求进行研发,同时提高矿物质吸收利用率,使其更接近母乳,在满足婴幼儿生长发育需求的基础上,不增加其肾脏负担。     

Dietary zinc intake and zinc concentrations of plasma, erythrocytes, and breast milk in antepartum and postpartum lactating and nonlactating women: a longitudinal study

The zinc status of a group of 23 lactating and 13 nonlactating women was assessed longitudinally from 37-wk gestation through 6 months postpartum. Dietary zinc intake was determined by chemical analysis of 3-day duplicate plate food composites. In addition, zinc concentrations were measured in plasma, erythrocytes, and breast milk. The mean dietary zinc intake of both groups of postpartum women as determined by direct analyses was 42% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances or less. The plasma and erythrocyte zinc concentrations were not significantly different between the lactating and nonlactating women. Plasma zinc concentration increased from the time of delivery to one month postpartum for both groups and did not significantly increase further through 6 months postpartum. Erythrocyte zinc decreased from delivery through 6 months postpartum for both groups. Breast milk zinc concentration decreased with the duration of lactation. The calculated zinc intake of infants from breast milk was less than 50% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances. There was no correlation of maternal dietary zinc intake or maternal plasma and erythrocyte zinc with the concentration of zinc in breast milk.     

Copper, iron, zinc, and selenium dietary intake and status of Nepalese lactating women and their breast-fed infants

The dietary intake of copper, iron, zinc, and selenium of 26 Nepalese lactating mothers was estimated from chemical analysis of 24-h food and beverage composites. Fasting blood and milk samples were obtained from the mothers and blood samples were obtained from the infants. The Nepalese mothers consumed significantly more Cu, significantly less Fe and Se, and similar amounts of Zn as compared with American lactating women. Blood Fe status indices and plasma concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Se were lower in the Nepalese mothers than in the American mothers. These lower values may in part be related to the high neutral detergent fiber and phytate content of the Nepalese diet, which could make these minerals less available for absorption. The high exposure to infections in Nepal may also depress Fe status indices and plasma Zn concentrations. The lower dietary Se intake of the Nepalese mothers was reflected in lower milk concentrations.     

上海市区母乳中几种无机盐和维生素含量测定

于春夏两季各采集8名居住于上海市的授乳母亲乳汁进行分析,其中所分析的无机盐为铁、铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁等,维生素为A、B_1、B_2等。对每名授乳母亲于婴儿出生后的第1至第4个月每月各采集母乳样品1次,共4次。通过本次测定得到了上海市春夏两季婴儿1～4月龄时母乳中铁、铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁和维生素A、B_1、B_2含量的一些数据。这些数据显示,婴儿1～4月龄时,各月龄间母乳中铁、钠、钙、镁和维生素A、B_2含量无显著差异。但钾的含量不论春夏季1月龄的均高于2、3、4月龄,而锌、铜和维生素B_1的含量,在夏季1月龄的亦高于2、3、4月龄。春、夏两季间乳汁中无机盐含量比较,铜和锌未见春夏的差异,但钠、钾、镁在部分月龄中夏季低于春季。     

Contribution of Major Groups of Food Products to the Daily Intake of Selected Elements—Results from Analytical Determinations Supported by Chemometric Analysis

Food is a major source of minerals for humans. The main objective of this study was to determine the intake level of 10 essential macro- (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and trace elements (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr, and Se) with major food groups among young adults. Dietary intake of elements was evaluated using the 24-h dietary recall technique in combination with F-AAS and ICP-OES methods. A very high intake of sodium and a very low intake of calcium, combined with inappropriate sodium/potassium ratio, may be harmful to the health of the population. Dietary intake of trace elements was within the range of reference values in the subjects, with cereals being the major source of a majority of those elements, while meat (38% for Na), vegetables (25% for K), and milk products (75% for Ca) were the main contributors to the daily dietary intake of macroelements. PCA revealed several visible trends in the datasetAmong men, the intake of Zn, Cr Na and K was significantly correlated with the consumption of meat and vegetables, whereas Mg, Se, Fe and Cu with cereals and water and beverages. Among women, the intake of Mg was significantly correlated with the consumption of meat and vegetables.     

深圳市母乳中矿物质含量及重金属负荷水平研究

目的了解深圳市初产、顺产妇的乳汁中8种矿物质(钙、钾、钠、镁和微量元素锌、铁、硒、铜)含量和3种有毒元素(铅、砷、镉)负荷水平,以评估该地婴儿8种常量元素和微量元素的营养状况和3种有毒元素污染水平。方法于2007年7～10月采集在深圳生活5年以上20～35岁的初产妇产后3周～2月龄的母乳共60份,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法及电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定母乳中的常量元素钙、钾、钠、镁和微量元素锌、铁、硒、铜及有毒元素铅、砷、镉的含量。结果所测母乳的8种矿物质和重金属中,常量元素钙、钾、钠、镁的平均含量分别是280.22、498.61、188.65和28.31mg/L,微量元素锌、铁、硒、铜的平均含量分别是2.29mg/L、358.88μg/L、8.28μg/L和339.16μg/L,铅的平均含量是2.13μg/L。砷和镉的含量均小于0.005μg/L。结论与国际原子能机构的标准及国内的一些地区调查结果比较,深圳地区母乳中常量元素钙、钾、钠、镁和锌、铁、铜7种矿物质的平均含量基本合理,砷、镉的污染水平低,但是存在微量元素硒的缺乏和重金属铅的污染。     

Cu nutrition in infants during prolonged exclusive breast-feeding: low intake but rising serum concentrations of Cu and ceruloplasmin

We studied Cu intake and nutrition in exclusively breast-fed infants by determining Cu and ceruloplasmin concentrations in maternal and infant sera, as well as milk intakes and concentrations. The infants numbered 200 at birth, 116 at age 6 mo, 36 at 9 mo, and 7 at 12 mo. Postpartum the mean maternal serum concentrations of Cu and ceruloplasmin were high, but decreased in 4 mo to the level of nonpregnant women, and remained thereafter stable. The median milk Cu concentration decreased throughout lactation. In contrast, the mean infant serum concentrations of Cu and ceruloplasmin increased with age reaching adult levels by age 6 mo. The infant serum concentrations were independent of the milk concentrations which in turn were independent of the maternal serum concentrations and the degree of maternal supplementation (none, 2, or 4 mg Cu++ with Fe++ and Zn++). Neither maternal nor infant serum concentrations reflected intake of Cu. The daily Cu intake varied up to 10-fold between infants. No signs of Cu deficiency were detected during exclusive breast-feeding.     

Mineral Concentrations in Cow's Milk from the Canary Island

Concentrations of selenium (Se), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were determined in samples of raw and sterilized cow's milk. The following mean concentrations (and ranges) were recorded in raw cow's milk: Se (μg/L), 16.44 (6.8–28.6); Fe (mg/L), 0.515 (0.19–1.00); Cu (mg/L), 0.076 (0.03–0.16); Zn (mg/L), 4.41 (2.3–6.6); Na (mg/L), 534.1 (278–870); K (mg/L), 1424 (1035–1874); Ca (mg/L), 1653 (1196–2236); Mg (mg/L), 113.9 (71.5–159.4). The sterilized cow's milk showed mean concentrations of Fe (0.170 mg/L) and Zn (3.06 mg/L) significantly lower than the concentrations observed in raw cow's milk; however, the mean concentrations of Se (14.90 μg/L) and Cu (0.110 mg/L) were similar and significantly higher than in raw cow's milk, respectively. No significant differences for Na, K and Mg were observed between the mean concentrations in raw and sterilized cow's milk. An important contribution to the daily intake of Ca and K for Canarian people due to the consumption of cow's milk was observed. Moderate amounts of Mg and Na, and smaller amounts of Zn and Se are also supplied. Our data for the mineral concentrations in cow's milk were within normal intervals of concentration described in the literature. The concentrations of Fe, Cu, Na, K and Ca in raw cow's milk remained approximately constant during the 12 months sampled. In contrast, the Se, Mg and Zn concentrations varied significantly with the climatic season, presenting the lowest mean concentrations during autumn.     

Marginal maternal Zn intake in rats alters mammary gland Cu transporter levels and milk Cu concentration and affects neonatal Cu metabolism

Marginal zinc intake is common and leaves women particularly vulnerable to Zn deficiency due to increased demand for Zn as a consequence of reproduction. Zn deficiency during pregnancy and lactation has been associated with secondary affects on copper metabolism in the offspring; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The effects of marginal maternal Zn intake on maternal and neonatal Cu metabolism were determined in rats. Plasma, milk and tissue Cu and Zn concentrations and plasma and milk ceruloplasmin (Cp) activity were measured in dams fed a control (CON, 25 mg Zn/kg diet) or a marginal Zn diet (ZD, 10 mg Zn/kg diet) and their suckling pups. There was no effect on maternal tissue Cu or Zn or milk Zn concentration; however, plasma Cp activity was higher in dams fed ZD, suggesting that Cp activity may be a useful marker for identifying marginal Zn status. Rats fed ZD had high mammary gland Ctr1, Atp7A and Atp7B levels, milk Cp activity and Cu concentration. Immunostaining and differential centrifugation indicated that ZD also altered Ctr1 and Atp7A localization in the mammary gland. Pups from dams fed ZD had higher small intestine Cu and lower plasma Cu than CON pups. These results suggest that marginal maternal Zn intake during pregnancy and lactation increase mammary gland Cu transporter levels and alter their localization, resulting in high milk Cu levels, possibly in response to transiently elevated plasma Cu levels. The combination of high milk Cu concentration and immature neonatal Cu transport exposes the suckling neonate to excess Cu; however, whether this occurs in humans is not yet known.     

不同时期母乳及母婴铁、锌和钙特点及相关性研究

目的通过不同时期母乳、母亲及婴儿全血铁、锌、钙含量特点分析,评价哺乳期母乳及母婴矿物质含量变化特点。方法随机选取产后6周及3月龄母亲及婴儿各50对,采用火焰原子吸收法检测母乳中及同期母亲、婴儿全血中铁、锌、钙离子水平,比较不同时期各矿物质水平差异,并分析母乳、母亲以及婴儿之间的相关关系。结果母乳中铁、锌的水平随哺乳时间延长而下降(铁0.102mg/100g vs0.0605mg/100g,P<0.05;锌0.257mg/100g vs 0.171mg/100g,P<0.05)。婴儿血中铁离子水平随月龄增长而下降(392.45mg/L vs 356.80mg/L,P<0.05),母乳中铁、锌、钙离子水平与母亲血中相应元素水平均无相关关系;婴儿血中铁、锌、钙与母亲血中相应元素成正相关关系(r=0.591、0.362和0.435,P=0.000、0.013和0.001)。结论乳腺内的矿物质转运与母亲本身的营养状况并无明显相关。随着哺乳期的延长,母乳中铁离子下降可能是母乳喂养婴儿生理性贫血多发的原因之一。母亲孕期矿物质的水平可能影响生后早期婴儿相应的矿物质水平。     

Studies in human lactation: secretion of zinc, copper, and manganese in human milk

Zinc, copper, and manganese were measured in milk samples collected longitudinally from 13 highly selected, healthy lactating women. Samples were obtained at least weekly up to 1 mo and then monthly up to 18 mo postpartum or to weaning. Zn concentrations in milk declined throughout lactation from 71.9 +/- 18.3 mumol/L (means +/- SD) at 7 d to 44.3 +/- 10.7 mumol/L at 1 mo and 7.64 +/- 4.59 mumol/L at 12 mo. Cu levels also declined from 9.76 +/- 2.05 mumol/L at 7 d to 3.46 +/- 0.79 mumol/L at 5 mo with little change thereafter. Zn and Cu were not affected by weaning. Mn concentrations declined from 67.4 +/- 23.7 nmol/L at 1 mo to approximately 36 nmol/L by 3 mo and then remained constant to 7 mo when mean levels started to rise. Gradual weaning was associated with large and irregular changes in Mn levels. Total daily outputs in milk averaged 26.0 mumol Zn, 3.9 mumol Cu, and 35 nmol Mn over the first 3 mo postpartum and 13.8 mumol Zn, 2.7 mumol Cu, and 29 nmol Mn over the second 3 mo.     

大骨节病病区与非病区小麦中无机元素比较分析

目的 :探讨无机元素在大骨节病发病中的可能作用。方法 :对大骨节病病区与非病区小麦中Zn、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ca、Se、As、Pb、Cd等 10种无机元素的含量进行对比分析。Zn、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg用等离子发射光谱法 (ICP)测定 ,Se、As、Pb、Cd用原子吸收法测定。结果 :病区小麦与非病区相比 ,人体必需微量元素Zn、Cu、Se明显低于非病区小麦 ,尤其硒的含量特别低 ,而Ca含量偏高。结论 :大骨节病病区主食小麦中Se含量均明显低于非病区 ,而Ca含量均明显偏高 ,进一步验证了大骨节病与硒等无机元素有关 ,与必需微量元素锌和铜的缺乏也可能有一定的关系。     

Concentrations of iron,copper and zinc in human milk and powdered infant formula

Concentrations of iron, copper and zinc were determined in 56 samples of mature human milk from Canarian women and 5 samples of powdered infant formula. According to the literature our data fall within the normal limits in each kind of milk. The mean concentration of Fe, Cu and Zn of powdered infant formula was significantly higher than those concentrations found in the human milks. Significant differences among the concentrations of the studied metals for the milks of considered mothers were observed. The Fe, Cu and Zn intakes of infants fed with human milk are lower than the requirements recommended by the Food and Nutrition Board (1989). However, the infants fed with powdered infant formula had consumed an adequate intake of Fe and Cu. A progressive decrease of the metal concentrations with the lactation stage was observed. The human milk obtained in spring presented Fe and Zn concentrations lower than in autumn, which could be due to changes in nutritional habits of the mothers. Age of mother and number of previous children seem to influence the Zn and Cu concentrations of human milk.     

Concentrations of iron, copper and zinc in human milk and powdered infant formula

Concentrations of iron, copper and zinc were determined in 56 samples of mature human milk from Canarian women and 5 samples of powdered infant formula. According to the literature our data fall within the normal limits in each kind of milk. The mean concentration of Fe, Cu and Zn of powdered infant formula was significantly higher than those concentrations found in the human milks. Significant differences among the concentrations of the studied metals for the milks of considered mothers were observed. The Fe, Cu and Zn intakes of infants fed with human milk are lower than the requirements recommended by the Food and Nutrition Board (1989). However, the infants fed with powdered infant formula had consumed an adequate intake of Fe and Cu. A progressive decrease of the metal concentrations with the lactation stage was observed. The human milk obtained in spring presented Fe and Zn concentrations lower than in autumn, which could be due to changes in nutritional habits of the mothers. Age of mother and number of previous children seem to influence the Zn and Cu concentrations of human milk.     

Calcium,Magnesium, Iron,Zinc and Copper,Compositions of Human Milk from Populations with Cereal and ‘Enset’ Based Diets

Background

As breast milk is normally the only source of food in the early stages of life, the dietary levels of the essential elements in the milk of lactating mothers are significantly important. Ethiopia is a country of many nations and nationalities with distinct dietary habits. This variation in food habit may result in the variation of the nutritional quality of milk of lactating mothers who live in different part of the country, which in turn may affect the intake of nutrients by breast-fed infants. Therefore, a cross-sectional study of the levels of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu in milk of mothers from societies with cereal and ‘enset’ based dietary habits was carried out to assess the influence of maternal diet on the levels of the elements in human milk.

Methods

Milk samples were collected from 27 voluntary mothers in Jimma and in 18 rural areas of Welkite. Breast milk samples were collected within four days postpartum and the concentrations of the elements were determined by using FAAS.

Results

Average concentrations (mg/L) of the elements determined in the milk of mothers from Jimma and rural Welkite respectively were: Ca (758 ± 107, 579 ± 168); Mg (22.6 ± 7.87, 30.5 ± 13.4); Fe (0.50 ± 0.08, 0.41 ± 0.17); Zn (2.3 ± 1.2, 2.49 ± 0.88) and Cu (0.28 ± 0.14, 0.16 ± 0.08).

Conclusions

Milk samples from Jimma were found to have significantly higher levels of Ca and Cu than those of rural Welkite (P < 0.05). Breast milk Ca and Cu levels were thus found to be influenced by dietary intake.     

个体化饮食干预对初产妇血清及乳汁微量元素水平的影响

目的探讨个体化饮食干预对临产妇血清和产妇乳汁的微量元素水平的影响。方法选取2014年3月—2016年11月在天水市第四人民医院产检分娩的82例初产孕妇为研究对象,初次体检即确诊为缺乏一种或多种微量元素,按随机数字表法分为对照组和干预组各41例,两组孕妇均接受常规体检和护理,在此基础上,干预组孕妇于整个孕期接受个体化饮食干预护理。对比两组孕妇临产前血清和产后第7d乳汁中微量元素钙(Ca)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)和镁(Mg)水平。结果入组前,两组的血清各元素的水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05);干预组临产前血清和产后乳汁Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu水平高于对照组(P0.05),两组Mg水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05);对照组临产前血清及产后乳汁与入组时血清各元素水平比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);干预组临产前血清中Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu水平均高于入组时(P0.05),临产前血清和产后乳汁Mg与入组时比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),产后乳汁Ca和Zn高于入组时血清Ca和Zn(P0.05),产后乳汁Fe和Cu低于入组时血清Fe和Cu(P0.05),产前血清和产后乳汁Mg与入组时比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);临产前和产后干预组的Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu缺乏改善率高于对照组(P0.05),两组的Mg缺乏改善率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论个体化饮食干预能够提高临产妇血清和产妇乳汁微量元素水平,可预防孕妇产前和产后的Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu等微量元素的缺乏,同时也可为婴儿提供含Ca、Fe、Zn和Cu等微量元素丰富的乳汁,有利于母婴健康,但有必要增加样本量作进一步研究。     

Breast milk zinc and copper concentrations in Bangladesh

Breast-fed infants in Bangladeshi villages were weighed at 1, 2, 6, 9 and 12 months. The concentrations of zinc and copper in the breast milk were measured and the daily intake of these elements calculated. Breast milk Zn concentration decreased over the year but was comparable with that found in developed countries. The calculated daily intake decreased from 17.7 to 8.0 mumol (10-30% of recommended dietary allowances (RDA); National Academy of Sciences, 1980). Breast milk Cu concentration also fell over the year and was lower than that reported from developed countries. Calculated daily Cu intake was 1.95-2.63 mumol (RDA 7.81-15.63 mumol). Deficiencies of trace elements may therefore be a problem in poorly nourished communities where breast feeding is continued for several years with only small amounts of additional food. Breast milk may not be adequate as the only source of infant nutrition after the first few months of life in Bangladesh.     

Selenium and breast-feeding

The objective of the present review is to discuss Se nutrition during breast-feeding, encompassing environmental and maternal constitutional factors affecting breast-milk-Se metabolism and secretion. A literature search of Medline and Webofscience was used to retrieve and select papers dealing with Se and breast milk. Although Se in natural foods occurs only in organic form, breast milk responds to organic and inorganic Se in supplements. Inorganic Se (selenite, selenate), which is largely used in maternal supplements, is not detectable in breast milk. The mammary-gland regulating mechanism controls the synthesis and secretion of seleno-compounds throughout lactation, with a high total Se level in colostrum that decreases as lactation progresses. Se appears in breast milk as a component of specific seleno-proteins and seleno-amino-acids in milk proteins that are well tolerated by breast-fed infants even in high amounts. Se in breast milk occurs as glutathione peroxidase (4-32 % total Se) > selenocystamine > selenocystine > selenomethionine. The wide range of breast-milk Se concentrations depends on Se consumed in natural foods, which reflects the Se content of the soils where they are grown. Se prophylaxis, either through soil Se fertilization or maternal supplements, is effective in raising breast-milk Se concentration. In spite of wide variation, the median Se concentration from studies worldwide are 26, 18, 15, and 17 microg/l in colostrum (0-5 d), transitional milk (6-21 d), mature milk (1-3 months) and late lactation (>5 months) respectively. Se recommendations for infants are presently not achieved in 30 % of the reported breast-milk Se concentrations; nevertheless Se status is greater in breast-fed than in formula-fed infants.     

Hepatic PKA inhibition accelerates the lipid accumulation in liver

Zinc deficiency can change the concentrations of minerals and trace elements in the body. However, previous studies still had many limitations. To reveal the effects of zinc deficiency on homeostasis of 16 minerals and trace elements. Forty-five rats were divided randomly into three groups: normal zinc diet (30 mg/kg), low zinc diet (10 mg/kg), and pair-fed diet(30 mg/kg). The concentrations of 16 minerals and trace elements in serum, feces, urine, and liver were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The excretion of 16 elements in urine and feces were calculated and compared. Zinc-deficient rats exhibited significant changes in up to 12 minerals and trace elements. The low zinc diet induced decreased excretion of zinc and concentrations of zinc in serum, feces, urine, and liver. Zinc deficiency increased feces concentrations of Mg, Cu, Se, K, Ag, Fe and Mn; decreased the concentrations of Mg, Cu, Se, K in liver and urine, and a diminished amount of Ag was observed in serum. Decreased urinary concentrations of Zn Ca, Mg, Cu, Se, K, Na, As and Cr, suggested that zinc-deficient rats increased the 9 elements’ renal reabsorption. Decreased concentrations of Ca in liver, urine, and feces, decreased excretion in urine and feces and increased serum total Ca suggested that zinc deficiency increased the redistribution of Ca in serum or other tissues. Zinc deficiency increased excretion of Cu, Se, Fe; and decreased the excretion of other 8 elements except for Ag. Zinc deficiency changed the excretion, reabsorption and redistribution of 12 minerals and trace elements in rats. Our findings are the first to show that zinc deficiency alters the concentrations of Ag, Cr, and As.     

Minerals and trace elements in a collection of wheat landraces from the Canary Islands

Phosphorous, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Se were determined in eighteen wheat landraces from Canary Islands and a commercial cultivar. The mean values obtained were: P (2370 ± 333 mg/kg); Na (102 ± 52 mg/kg); K (4363 ± 386 mg/kg); Ca (351 ± 62 mg/kg); Mg (1163 ± 155 mg/kg); Fe (40.0 ± 5.5 mg/kg); Cu (2.68 ± 0.93 mg/kg); Zn (32.1 ± 2.9 mg/kg); Mn (22.1 ± 3.5 mg/kg); Se (67.7 ± 40.4 μg/kg). There were differences (P < 0.05) in the mineral and trace element between the analyzed cultivars, and between the species and subspecies of wheats. Therefore, the Triticum aestivum species had higher mean P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn concentrations, and a lower mean Se concentration, than Triticum turgidum species. The environment and agronomic practices could affect the genetic information of the seeds determining changes in the mineral and trace element composition. The wheat represents an excellent source of Mn (over 100% of recommended dietary intake, RDI), as well as P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se (20–50% of RDI). Many correlations were found between the parameters analyzed emphasizing the Cu–Mg (r = 0.691) and Cu–Mn (r = 0.619) correlations. Linear discriminant analysis allowed a good differentiation of the wheat samples according to the cultivar (89.7% of wheat samples classified correctly).