洛阳市犬种布鲁氏菌病调查报告

洛阳市犬种布鲁氏菌病调查报告郭正印，闫素亭，韩江青我们在畜牧部门的配合下，对洛阳市辖区的堰师市，新安县、伊川县、栾川县、嵩县、郊区进行了犬种布鲁氏菌病调查，共查犬１６１只，奶山羊４只，鸡４３只，重点人群７人，现将调查结果报告如下：１材料与方法１．１抗...     

犬种布鲁氏菌病国外研究现状

自1966年Carmichael报告[1]在200例流产的Beagle狗中首次分离到培养和生化特性与布鲁氏菌属的菌相似的细菌以来,对犬种布氏菌病进行了比较广泛的研究,并对该种疾病在经济和公共卫生等方面影响的重要性进行了调查。     

我国犬种菌布鲁氏菌病的调查研究

本文报告了全国23个省区市检查的12 949只犬、1 676人、15种动物2 255只,都发现有不同程度的犬种布氏菌感染存在(0.3%~42.7%)。南方省区犬的感染率高于北方省区。犬种布氏菌对母犬的感染率高于雄犬(2:1)。1岁龄以下犬的感染率低于年长犬。2岁龄以上犬的感染率无明显区别。解剖644只犬,主要从脾、淋巴结和肝中分到166株犬种布氏菌。根据犬种布氏菌对两种染料的敏感性分为两个型:对硫堇有抗性,对复红敏感;对两种染料都有抗性。8种血清学方法对比表明,R-SAT与R-RBPT吻合率最高,以≥1:80为标准,分离菌的阳性率近于50%,以≥1:320为标准,分菌率近于80%。     

辽宁省首次发现犬种布鲁氏菌病的报告

辽宁省1988年对10个市的48个县(区)50个乡(镇)92个村(屯)中的1555只家犬做了犬种布鲁氏菌感染情况调查。在其中6个县(区)共查出血清阳性犬29只。检测接触阳性犬的人血清90份,阳性1份,疑似12份。在18只血清阳性犬的脏器中培养分离出犬种布鲁氏菌14株。首次证实辽宁省存在犬种布鲁氏菌病疫源地。     

浅议布鲁氏菌病诊断

布鲁氏菌病疫情逐年回升,已经对人及家畜构成危害.不但对人健康造成危害,而且影响着畜牧业的发展.鉴于此,对其及早发现以及快速精准检测意义重大,本文主要就布鲁氏菌病的诊断方法进行简单评述,以为其今后的方法选择及发展提供理论支持和参考依据,以求最大化控制该疾病.     

两种酶结合物诊断布鲁氏菌病的研究

以两种酶结合物(SPA-HRPO及兔抗人IgG-HRPO)做酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA),对临床诊断为布鲁氏菌病人的血清51份进行了检査。结果除一例阴性外,其余50份均呈阳性反应。阳性效价为1:20~1:5120。用两种结合物检查结果基本一致,阳性率为98%。同时以凝集反应、2-ME试管凝集反应、补体结合反应虎红平板抗原凝集试验方法作了对比检查,阳性率分别为41%、35%、39%、31%。为了解ELISA法测定结果的特异性,使用混合布氏菌抗原吸收了被检血清,原来的阳性血清在吸收之后转成阴性。由于实验结果说明ELISA法作为布病诊断方法之一是可用的。     

贵州省首次分离出犬种布鲁氏菌

1988年9月我们对贵州省黔南州荔波县城关镇、朝阳区农村家犬进行了B.canis感染的血清学调查,首次证实本地区存在犬种布鲁氏菌病疫源地,现将结果报告如下.     

广西犬种布鲁氏菌毒力测定

为证实我区分离的犬种布氏菌的致病性，我们根据菌株的抗原性，药敏试验及地区分布，选出毒力较强的有代表性的广西株，同时与ＲＭ６／６６参考株接种小白鼠和做青霉素毒力测定，小白鼠经皮下接种后，第７天处死解剖，所有脏器均分离出菌。两株广西株在含１０ＩＵ／ｍｌ的青霉素培养基上仍可生长。而ＲＭ６／６６参考株能生长的最高浓度的５ＩＵ／ｍｌ，说明广西株毒力不低于参考株。     

艾滋病诊断试剂临床评估

[目的]参加国家艾滋病参比实验室组织的HIV诊断试剂临床评估,对6种HIV抗体诊断试剂进行临床评估。[方法]对6种试剂均按试剂盒说明书要求,对100份已知结果的血清样本和100份未知结果的血清样本进行HIV抗体检测。[结果]阿克苏和Determine公司生产试剂的粗一致性最高,均为99.5％,漏检率为0;另外4种试剂灵敏度和特异度均不及上述2种试剂。对HIV抗体弱阳性样本检出率,阿克苏试剂最高;其它5种试剂有待提高。[结论]阿克苏和determine公司生产试剂符合HIV抗体诊断的初筛试验要求,另外4种试剂在灵敏度和特异度方面有待提高。     

An outbreak of Brucella melitensis infection by airborne transmission among laboratory workers.

An outbreak of acute brucellosis infection was detected among the employees of a biologicals manufacturing laboratory located in Girona, Spain. The first cases appeared six weeks after a vaccine with attenuated Brucella melitensis, Rev-1 had been produced for one week. A clinical and epidemiologic investigation conducted among the 164 employees found 22 patients with clinical symptoms and positive serology, and six patients detected by serology only (attack rate: 17.1 per cent). Blood cultures were obtained from two patients and Brucella melitensis was isolated. Employees working in areas with open windows above the laboratory air extracting system had an attack rate of 39.5 per cent, substantially higher than those working in other locations. When vaccine was manufactured again, an electric oven reaching 300 degrees C had been installed in the air extracting system just before its exit to the exterior. Appropriate culture medium plates were exposed to the laboratory air before and after passing through the oven. Brucellae were isolated from the plates exposed to the air before passing through the oven but not after doing so.     

首次从牛体中分离的犬种布鲁氏菌的鉴定报告

应用犬种布鲁氏菌抗原调查犬种布鲁氏菌病时,发现在牛群中有R-RBPT,R-SAT阳性反应牛,且效价最高达1:640卄,并从1头牛的脾脏中首次分离出B. Canis菌。     

尿红细胞形态检查用于实验室鉴别诊断血尿原因的应用价值评价

目的评价尿红细胞形态检查在血尿原因鉴别诊断中的应用价值,探讨较实用的血尿原因的实验室诊断标准.方法回顾性分析82例血尿患者临床及实验室资料,其中42例肾小球疾病.40例非肾小球疾病.分别以G1型RBC≥5%(A标准)、G1型RBC≥5%/pro+(B标准)、G1型RBC≥5%/病理管型(C标准)、G1型RBC≥5%/蛋白尿病理管型(D标准)、蛋白尿/病理管型(E标准)和A标准+E标准的并联试验作为诊断肾小球源性血尿的实验室诊断标准.对各种实验室诊断标准的敏感性和特异性进行对比分析.结果①肾小球性血尿G1型RBC百分率平均为12.03%,非肾性血尿G1型RBC百分率平均为0.005%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②对诊断肾源性血尿的敏感性,A及A+E(并联)显著高于其他所拟标准,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),A与A+E(并联)的敏感性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论①对单纯性血尿鉴别诊断选用G1型RBC≥5%作为实验室诊断标准较好.②以A+E(并联)标准诊断肾性血尿优于所拟其他诊断标准.     

Evaluation of immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction in direct detection of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis from cheese samples

The current study was carried out to assess the use of immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction (IMS-PCR) in direct detection of Brucella abortus and B. melitensis from soft cheese and to examine a relatively small number of field samples for the presence of these species. Two methodologies, one with IMS and the other without IMS, were employed for recovery of the Brucella species from cheese samples. IMS in conjunction with the PCR assay was determined to detect as low as 3x10(2) bacteria/mL, while the limit of detection with the other extraction procedure was 3x10(3) bacteria/mL. In the analysis of 40 cheese samples collected from various markets, only B. abortus was detected by PCR using both DNA extraction procedures in two (5%) samples. No positive results were obtained by culture and B. melitensis was not found in any cheese samples examined. The results suggest that this technique is promising owing to its pace and high sensitivity and should aid in direct detection of Brucella species from complex food samples.     

粗糙型布鲁氏菌单克隆抗体的制备及应用于种型鉴定的实验研究

应用首次制备的犬种及绵羊附睾种布鲁氏菌单克隆抗体对不同种型布鲁氏菌株检测的实验研究表明,两种单克隆抗体对粗糙型布鲁氏菌具有特异性,可应用于粗糙型与光滑型布鲁氏菌的鉴别,并且较之常规凝集试验,不仅可定性或定量检测,而且应用ELISA试验检查具有很髙的敏感性。     

Several aspects of alcohol use among students

1458 students were surveyed by using the method of anonymous questionnaires. It was found that 35.3 percent of students consumed alcohol, and the incidence of alcohol abuse was increasing with years of study. The majority of students (62 percent) started to drink at the age of 15-18. Notwithstanding, only one-fourth of students received information on harmful effects of alcohol abuse at school, from teachers. All this necessitated to search for effective methods of early identification of alcoholization, and also more effective forms of anti-alcoholic education, more active involvement of students in these activities, in the struggle for healthy lifestyle.