斑块状银屑病表皮干扰素-γ受体mRNA表达的研究

目的 探讨斑块状银屑病患者表皮干扰素-γ受体mRNA的表达及其在发病机制中的作用.方法 采集28例斑块状银屑病患者皮损及周围外观正常皮肤,28例正常人皮肤作为对照,分离表皮,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测干扰素-γ受体mRNA表达水平.PASI评分法评估银屑病的严重程度.结果 斑块状银屑病患者皮损和非皮损表皮干扰素-γ受体mRNA的表达率为100%,对照样本的表达率为17.86%(5/28);患者皮损、非皮损和对照表皮干扰素-γ受体mRNA的表达水平均值分别为1.002±0.563、0.188±0.095、0.005±0.012,皮损处的表达水平明显高于非皮损处(t=7.54,P<0.01),非皮损处明显高于正常人对照;进行期与稳定期皮损的表达水平分别为1.210±0.489和0.379±0.163,进行期显著高于稳定期(t=4.37,P<0.01);而皮损处的表达水平与PASI评分值无相关性.结论 表皮干扰素-γ受体mRNA的表达可能与银屑病皮损的形成和病情的活动性有关.     

银屑病患者皮损中磷脂酰肌醇3激酶过表达

目的 探讨磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3激酶)与银屑病发病的相关性。方法 应用点杂交、原位杂交和免疫组化的方法,分析了12例寻常型银屑病患者皮损区和5例正常人表皮中PI3激酶表达分布特点。结果 银屑病皮损中PI3激酶mRNA和蛋白的表达较正常人皮肤明显增强,银屑病患者与正常人皮肤中PI3激酶基因与蛋白的表达一致。结论 银屑病皮损中PI3激酶过表达可能与银屑病角质形成细胞的过度增殖相关。     

蛋白激酶Cζ在银屑病发病中的意义

目的 探讨蛋白激酶Cζ在银屑病发病中的作用.方法 通过原位杂交和免疫组化的方法,研究了12例寻常型银屑病患者皮损区、非皮损区和5例正常人表皮中蛋白激酶Cζ的mRNA和蛋白的表达及分布特点.结果 银屑病皮损区表皮中PKCζ的mRNA和蛋白表达均较非皮损区和正常表皮中的表达明显增强,正常人表皮中PKCζ的mRNA表达分布于表皮上层,而银屑病皮损区PKCζ的mRNA表达几乎分布于表皮全层.结论 PKCζ在银屑病表皮中的过表达提示,PKCζ可能与银屑病表皮细胞的过度增殖相关.     

银屑病患者生长抑素的定量定位检测

目的 探讨生长抑素(somatostatin,SS)与银屑病的相关性.方法 用放射免疫分析法测定银屑病患者血浆及皮损中SS含量,用免疫组化法观察13例寻常型银屑病患者皮损和8例正常人皮肤中SS的分布,用原位杂交组织化学法检测皮损处SSmRNA表达情况.结果 定量检测表明患者血浆SS水平低于对照组,而患者皮损SS水平显着高于对照组,定位检测光镜下见3例新发银屑病患者皮损中的SS在真皮乳头层大片沉积,而10例慢性急性发作的病例与正常对照基本相同,光镜下见真皮层极散在分布的SS染色.对3例皮损中SS强阳性的银屑病患者,用原位杂交组织化学法检测皮损处SSmRNA表达情况,结果未见皮肤各层细胞内有SSmRNA表达信号.结论 银屑病患者SS血浆中的低水平及其皮损中的高表达提示SS在银屑病的发病中起重要作用.     

亚急性湿疹和银屑病患者皮损中半胱氨酰白三烯受体的表达

目的探讨湿疹和银屑病患者皮损中半胱氨酰白三烯受体CysLTR1和CysLTR2的临床意义。方法免疫组化SP法分别检测10例亚急性湿疹和20例寻常性银屑病患者皮损中CysLTR1和CysLTR2的表达,并以外科手术中相应部位皮肤组织作为对照。结果银屑病与湿疹患者皮损中CysLTR1和CysLTR2的表达显著高于正常对照,其阳性细胞主要位于表皮、皮脂腺、毛囊、汗腺、平滑肌及血管壁等;3组中CysLTR1和CysLTR2两型受体间的分布及表达强弱差异无统计学意义。结论人皮肤组织中同时存在CysLTR1和CysLTR2的表达,银屑病与湿疹患者皮损中CysLTR1和CysLTR2的表达增强。     

寻常性银屑病患者皮损中维A酸受体αmRNA的表达

目的 探讨维A酸受体αmRNA在寻常性银屑病皮损中的表达状况。方法 应用RT-PCR方法检测20例寻常性银屑病患者皮损部位和10例正常人表皮中维A酸受体αmRNA的表达情况。结果 维A酸受体αmRNA的表达在寻常性银屑病表皮中较正常人低,且差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 维A酸受体αmRNA的表达降低可能和银屑病发病有关。     

寻常型银屑病患者皮损中维A酸受体mRNA的表达

目的 探讨维A酸受体(RARγ/RXRα)mRNA在寻常型银屑病患者皮损中的表达。方法 应用RT-PCR方法检测20例寻常型银屑病患者皮损部位和10例正常人表皮中RARγ/RXRαmRNA的表达。结果 在寻常型银屑病患者皮损中,RXRαmRNA的表达水平为0.1976±0.0933,较正常对照组低(正常对照组为0.5867±0.0132),在统计学上差异有显着性(P<0.01);RARγmRNA在银屑病患者和正常人表皮中的表达水平分别为0.5037±0.0883和0.5624±0.0767,两者差异无显着性。结论 RXRαmRNA表达水平的降低可能和银屑病的发病有关。     

寻常型银屑病皮肤中皮肤归巢T细胞免疫组化研究

目的 探讨皮肤归巢T细胞在寻常型银屑病(PV)发病中的作用。方法 采用间接免疫荧光双标法研究正常人皮肤和PV患者皮肤中浸润的皮肤归巢T细胞分类及其变化。结果 ①正常人皮肤及PV皮损中浸润的T细胞绝大多数表达皮肤淋巴细胞相关抗原(CLA),CLA⁺细胞高度表达CD45RO,只有个别为CD45RO阴性。②进行期皮损CD4⁺CLA⁺及CD8⁺CLA⁺T细胞数高于静止期皮损(P<0.05),静止期皮损CD4⁺CLA⁺细胞数高于消退期皮损(P<0.05),消退期皮损CD8+CLA+细胞数高于PV外观正常皮肤(P<0.05),进行期皮损周边外观正常皮肤CD4⁺CLA⁺及CD8⁺CLA⁺细胞数高于静止期皮损周边外观正常皮肤(P<0.05).③部分病例皮损的表皮中见大量CLA⁺树突状细胞,正常人皮肤未见此细胞。结论 正常人皮肤及PV皮损中T细胞绝大多数为皮肤归巢T细胞;进行期及静止期PV皮损中浸润的细胞主要为CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD45RO⁺、CLA⁺T细胞,CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD45RO⁺、CLA⁺T细胞可能在PV发病中起重要作用。     

Patched-1和Gli-1在银屑病皮损中的表达

目的 探讨Patched-1、Gli-1在银屑病皮损中的表达。方法 应用免疫组化和原位杂交的方法,检测银屑病皮损及正常人皮肤中Patched-1、Gli-1的表达和分布情况。结果 在银屑病皮损中Patched-1表达高于正常人皮肤(免疫组化χ²=6.53,P<0.05;原位杂交χ²=7.93,P<0.05),Gli-1表达显著高于正常人皮肤(免疫组化χ²=19.21,P<0.01;原位杂交χ²=14.34,P<0.01),主要分布于表皮细胞胞浆中,在毛囊、浸润的炎细胞及血管内皮细胞中也有阳性表达。结论 银屑病皮损表皮中Patched-1和Gli-1均处于高表达状态,Hedgehog信号转导通路可能在银屑病发病中起一定作用。     

银屑病患者皮损表皮细胞促凋亡分子PDCD5表达的研究

目的 探讨银屑病患者表皮细胞过度增殖与细胞凋亡分化调节异常的关系.方法 寻常性银屑病患者30例,正常人对照28例.采用直接免疫荧光观察促凋亡分子PDCD5的表达状态,流式细胞仪和计算机CELL Quest软件定量分析表皮单细胞表达PDCD5的平均荧光强度和阳性率,逆转录聚合酶链反应方法检测表皮细胞表达PDCD5 mRNA的变化.结果 银屑病患者皮损增生的表皮组织细胞内PDCD5蛋白的表达明显降低,表皮单细胞表达PDCD5促凋亡分子的平均荧光强度和阳性率较正常人显著降低(P<0.01),皮损组织细胞表达PDCD5 mRNA显著低于正常人.结论 银屑病患者局部皮损表皮细胞的过度增殖与促凋亡分子PDCD5表达的下调有关,与表皮细胞的凋亡及终末分化过程的调节异常密切相关.     

大麻素2型受体在寻常性银屑病皮损组织中的表达

目的 探讨大麻素2型受体在寻常性银屑病皮损组织中的表达及其意义。 方法 实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）、免疫组化技术检测20例寻常性银屑病患者皮损组织及皮损周围组织、10例非银屑病患者的正常皮肤组织中大麻素2型受体在mRNA和蛋白不同水平的表达情况。 结果 寻常性银屑病皮损组织、皮损周围组织及正常皮肤中均有大麻素2型受体mRNA表达,寻常性银屑病组表达明显高于皮损周围组及正常对照组（P < 0.05）;三组皮损组织均有大麻素2型受体蛋白表达,且寻常性银屑病组表达明显高于皮损周围组、正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。 结论 寻常性银屑病皮损组织中大麻素2型受体在基因及蛋白水平表达均升高,提示大麻素2型受体可能与寻常性银屑病的发生发展有关联。     

结合珠蛋白在银屑病皮损及皮损周边外观正常皮肤中的表达

目的 从mRNA及蛋白质水平研究结合珠蛋白在银屑病皮损及皮损周边外观正常皮肤中的表达,探讨其与朗格汉斯细胞的关系及在银屑病发病中的作用.方法采用免疫组化、免疫荧光双标记和原位杂交技术检测银屑病皮损及皮损周边外观正常皮肤中结合珠蛋白的表达.结果与正常人皮肤相比,银屑病皮损处角质形成细胞中结合珠蛋白mRNA的表达均明显增强(P＜0.001);皮损周边外观正常皮肤中的表达与正常人皮肤差异无显著性(P＞0.05).免疫组化显示:皮损处部分角质形成细胞胞浆中有结合珠蛋白表达;皮损及皮损周边外观正常皮肤中均可见结合珠蛋白在部分朗格汉斯细胞中呈阳性表达,且两者中结合珠蛋白阳性朗格汉斯细胞与朗格汉斯细胞总计数的比值较正常皮肤显著增高(P＜0.001).结论银屑病皮损处角质形成细胞中结合珠蛋白mRNA的表达增强,并能合成结合珠蛋白.合成结合珠蛋白的角质形成细胞可能在银屑病发病机理中起负反馈调节作用。     

甘露糖结合凝集素在寻常性银屑病皮损中的表达

目的 检测甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL）在寻常性银屑病患者皮损中的表达,初步探讨皮肤中MBL蛋白与银屑病发病的关系。 方法 采用免疫组化法和Western印迹检测30例进行期寻常性银屑病患者皮损、非皮损区皮肤（皮损周围外观正常皮肤）及30例健康人对照皮肤中MBL的表达。采用SPSS13.0统计软件进行数据分析,组间资料比较采用t检验。 结果 免疫组化检测显示,银屑病皮损区MBL呈现阳性表达（相对表达量为0.636 7 ± 0.515 1）,非皮损区及健康对照皮肤中MBL表达弱或几乎无表达（分别为0.416 3 ± 0.160 1和0.381 6 ± 0.310 9）,银屑病皮损区较非皮损区和健康对照皮肤显著升高（t值分别为2.24和2.32,均P < 0.05）,非皮损区与健康对照皮肤MBL表达水平间比较差异无统计学意义（t = 1.51,P > 0.05）。Western印迹检测结果显示,银屑病皮损区、非皮损区及健康对照皮肤中均有MBL蛋白表达,相对表达量分别为0.273 1 ± 0.129 4、0.186 3 ± 0.193 1、0.149 2 ± 0.268 7,银屑病皮损区较非皮损区及健康对照皮肤显著增高（t值分别为2.05和2.28,均P < 0.05）,非皮损区与健康对照皮肤表达差异无统计学意义（P ＞ 0.05）。 结论 银屑病患者皮损区MBL蛋白高表达,可能与银屑病的发病存在一定关系。     

Effect of vitamin D<Subscript>3</Subscript> on the increased expression of Bcl-x<Subscript>L</Subscript> in psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation, which may be regulated by several mechanisms including apoptosis. In this study, we detected DNA fragmentation by the terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method and immunohistochemically examined the expression of Bcl-x and Bax in psoriasis. We determined the expression of bcl-xL mRNA by RT-PCR, and also determined the effect of vitamin D(3) (VD3) on bcl-xL mRNA expression in cultured normal human keratinocytes by RT-PCR, and the expression of Bcl-xL in psoriatic lesions before and after topical application of VD3. A large number of TUNEL-positive cells as well as Bcl-xL - and Bax-positive cells were observed throughout the epidermis in psoriatic lesions. Whereas, in nonlesional and normal skin, only a few TUNEL-positive cells were observed and only the lower epidermis showed positive staining for Bcl-x and Bax. We also observed higher expression of bcl-xL mRNA in psoriatic lesions than in nonlesional and normal skin. The expression of bcl-xL mRNA in cultured normal human keratinocytes stimulated or not with IFN-gamma and PMA was suppressed by VD3 in a dose-dependent manner, and the expression of Bcl-xL, but not Bax, in psoriatic lesional skin decreased after topical application of VD3 for 4 weeks. In conclusion, it is suggested that the apoptotic process in psoriatic lesions is in part regulated by Bcl-xL, and decreasing the expression of Bcl-xL by treatment with VD3 might ameliorate psoriatic lesions by contributing to the completion of the apoptotic process.     

In situ expression of messenger RNA of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in psoriasis: interleukin-6 involved in formation of psoriatic lesions

Summary Psoriasis is a disease of abnormal proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells. Several cytokines released by keratinocytes are implicated as factors responsible for this pathological condition of the epidermis. In order to elucidate the role of these cytokines in psoriasis, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 in psoriatic epidermis was investigated using biotin-labelled complementary DNA (cDNA) of the cytokines. Messenger RNA of IL-1 was weakly detected in some normal healthy epidermis specimens and more strongly in all the perilesional uninvolved psoriatic epidermis specimens. It was also expressed in the transitional zone between uninvolved and fully developed psoriatic skin, but was not expressed in lesional skin. In contrast, IL-6 mRNA was rarely expressed in normal healthy epidermis, but was expressed in perilesional uninvolved psoriatic epidermis, in the transitional zone and in the fully developed lesional epidermis, with the maximum intensity in the transitional zone. Expression of mRNA of IL-6 receptor showed a similar tendency to that of IL-6. It was expressed in psoriatic epidermis, most strongly in the transitional zone, but not in normal healthy epidermis. IL-6 was demonstrated immunohistochemically in psoriatic epidermis, but IL-6 receptor was demonstrated only in the transitional zone. Thus IL-6 and its receptor expression correlated well with the formation of psoriatic lesions where IL-1 may initiate their expression. IL-6 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.     

Expression of the T-cell activation antigens CD27 and CD28 in normal and psoriatic skin

Activated T lymphocytes are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. From studies with peripheral blood T lymphocytes it is known that T cells show a decrease in membrane expression of CD27 molecules during continuous antigenic stimulation. The T-cell activation molecule CD28 is thought to be involved in the transduction of an antigen-non-specific costimulatory signal. Therefore, in order to elucidate further the pathogenesis of psoriasis we studied the expression of CD27 and CD28, together with CD4, CD8 and CD45RA in this benign inflammatory dermatological disease. We used immunohistochemical techniques to determine absolute numbers of T lymphocytes and expression of these T-cell activation and T-subset-specific molecules in normal (n= 7), uninvolved perilesional (n= 7) and lesional psoriatic (n= 7) skin. We found that not only lesional but also clinically uninvolved perilesional skin showed an increased number of T cells. Further, immunohistochemical studies showed that CD27 is expressed by a minority of normal skin T cells, while in lesional psoriatic skin, expression was even lower, and almost absent in perilesional skin sections. In contrast to normal skin, both perilesional and lesional psoriatic skin contained no CD28 positive T cells. In lesional psoriatic skin, however, T cells showed predominantly the CD4 phenotype, while in perilesional skin CDS positive T cells were dominant. Two conclusions were reached: first, the absolute number of T cells, their CD27, CD28 and CD45RA expression, and the influx of CD8 positive T cells, indicate that perilesional psoriatic skin is different from normal and lesional psoriatic skin; and secondly, the data on CD27 and CD28 suggest that not only lesional but also perilesional psoriatic skin is subject to continuous antigenic stimulation, thus leading to decreased CD27 and CD28 expression on skin T cells.     

Stat3在进行期寻常型银屑病皮损表皮中的表达

目的观察信号转导和转录激活因子3(Stat3)在银屑病皮损中的表达情况。方法应用免疫组化法检测正常组织、进行期寻常型银屑病皮损及非皮损表皮中Stat3蛋白表达。结果正常表皮细胞中Stat3低水平表达于胞浆中;寻常型银屑病进行期皮损表皮中Stat3表达于多数细胞的胞浆和胞核中;非皮损处表皮中Stat3表达于部分细胞的胞浆和(或)胞核中。皮损处Stat3评分与PASI呈正相关。结论Stat3在进行期寻常型银屑病表皮中有异常表达。