大疱性类天疱疮患者头发毛囊中抗体检测的研究

大疱性类天疱疮(B P)是一种慢性自身免疫性皮肤病^[1],其主要的病理改变是表皮下水疱形成,免疫荧光检查示真表皮交界处C3和IgG等呈线状沉积,在患者血清中可检测到类天疱疮抗体。本研究拟通过检测大疱性类天疱疮患者拔出的头发上残留毛囊中类天疱疮抗体的沉积情况,以期建立一种快捷、损伤小的检测方法。     

上海复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科办班消息

大疱性类天疱疮（RP）是一种慢性自身免疫性皮肤病，其主要的病理改变是表皮下水疱形成，免疫荧光检查示真表皮交界处C3和IgG等呈线状沉积，在患者血清中可检测到类天疱疮抗体，本研究拟通过检测大疱性类天疱疮患者拔出的头发上残留毛囊中类天疱疮抗体的沉积情况，以期建立一种快捷，损伤小的检测方法。     

外伤诱发自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病三例

目的 总结皮肤外伤诱发自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病的临床特点、组织病理学表现等,探讨其可能的发病机制.方法 分析3例由皮肤外伤所诱发的天疱疮或类天疱疮患者的临床表现、组织病理特点及治疗,结合国内外相关文献讨论与总结.结果 3例自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病患者,女1例,男2例,年龄分别为62、60、71岁,由外伤或手术诱发,与发病间隔时间分别为5周、5周和3d,分别确诊为大疱性类天疱疮(BP180抗体109 U/ml,BP230抗体阴性)、寻常型天疱疮(Dsg1抗体68.8 U/ml,Dsg3抗体219 U/ml)和落叶型天疱疮(Dsg1抗体143 U/ml,Dsg3抗体阴性).经糖皮质激素系统和(或)外用治疗后皮疹均明显好转.结论 外伤可能是自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病的1个诱发因素.对于外伤后伤口愈合不良或皮肤出现红斑、水疱、糜烂,用外伤或手术难以解释时,都应警惕自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病的可能,及时行组织病理或免疫病理检查.     

大疱及疱疹性皮肤病

20 0 0 2 56 2　大疱性皮肤病自身抗体靶抗原定位研究 /杨春俊 (安徽医大一附院皮肤科 )…∥安徽医科大学学报 .- 1999,34(6 ) .- 4 51为进一步确定存在分岐的靶抗原在细胞间或皮肤基底膜带中的位置。验证有关大疱性皮肤病自身抗体靶抗原定位的不同研究结果。采用包埋后金标记直接和间接免疫电镜技术 ,结合免疫印迹技术分别对 5例天疱疮皮损组织中 Ig G的沉积部位、8例天疱疮患者血清中自身抗体 Ig G结合正常人皮肤的部位进行超微水平的研究。同样对 5例大疱性类天疱疮皮损组织中 Ig G的沉积部位及 8例大疱性类天疱疮患者血清中自身抗体 …     

SLE皮肤基底膜带自身抗体靶抗原的研究

目的：了解SLE皮肤基底膜带自身抗体（BMZ－Ab）靶抗原，并与自身免疫性大疱病相关抗原进行比较。方法：以人皮肤提取物为抗原，免疫印迹（IB）检测47例SLE及对照的14例大疱性类天疱疮（BP）、2例获得性大疱性表皮松解症（EBA）患者血清中IgG型自身抗体。结果：29／47例SLE血清IgG型自身抗体与表皮和／或真皮抗原反应，其中14／47例单纯结合180kD、145kD、130kD、97kD、85kD、75kD、66kD表皮抗原，8／47例单纯结合115kD、290kD真皮抗原，7／47例同时结合上述不同分子量表、表皮抗原。11／14例BP血清结合230kD、180kD、165kD、130kD、115kD、97kD表皮抗原。2例EBA血清结合290kD真皮抗原。结论：SLE BMZ－Ab靶抗原存在明显异质性。SLE与多种自身免疫性大疱BMZ抗原交叉，提示它们之间的内在相关性。     

大疱性类天疱疮患者发根毛囊中抗体的检测

目的：通过检测大疱性类天疱疮患者拔出的头发上残留毛囊中大疱性类天疱疮抗体的沉积情况,建立一种快捷、损伤小的检测大疱性类天疱疮的方法。方法：直接免疫荧光方法测定35例大疱性类天疱疮患者拔出的头发上残留毛囊中类天疱疮抗体的沉积,10例健康人及20例天疱疮病人头发作为对照。结果：35例大疱性类天疱疮患者的毛发,其中阳性28例,阴性7例,阳性率80%;类天疱疮IgG和C3在毛囊表皮下的外毛根鞘外层与结缔组织鞘之间呈明显的线状沉积。10例正常人及20例天疱疮患者均无线状沉积。结论：本实验方法简单、快速、敏感,且具有较高特异性,有可能成为诊断和鉴别诊断大疱性类天疱疮的一种有效的方法。     

副肿瘤性天疱疮合并局灶性Castleman''s病和呼吸系统损害

副肿瘤性天疱疮（PNP）是一种与自身免疫相关的获得性大疱性疾病。本文报告4例同时合并局灶性Castleman‘s病和呼吸系统损害的PNP患者，其中3例合并闭塞性细支气管炎（BO）。他们的免疫学表现较为一致，血清中抗体可识别人角质形成细胞及边缘肺组织提取物中的210kD和190kD抗原。肿瘤切除后患者的皮肤逐渐消失，3例合并BO的患者仍有喘憋及咳嗽。     

大疱性类天疱疮与细胞因子关系的研究进展

大疱性类天疱疮是一种发病机制不明的自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病。从细胞因子的角度研究发现 :γ-干扰素可以在蛋白及mRNA水平对分子量为 2 3 0kD大疱性类天疱疮抗原进行转录前调控 ,而且这种调控对γ -干扰素有时间及剂量依赖性 ,还可能与表皮角质形成细胞对γ -干扰素的敏感性不同有关 ;白介素家族中白介素 1 β、5、6在疱液或血液中的浓度均高于正常对照组 ,与病情严重性相关 ,可作为疾病监测指标 ;另外还证实部分白介素参与水疱形成 ;其它如sCD3 0、β-转化生长因子 ,证明与大疱性类天疱疮有密切关系。     

天疱疮抗原研究进展

天疱疮是一类以患者体内产生针对自身表皮角质形成细胞的特异性抗体IgG ,并与角质形成细胞结合造成细胞间黏附的丧失 ,产生棘刺松解为特征自身免疫性皮肤病 ,临床上主要表现为皮肤黏膜的松弛性水疱大疱 ,但其确切的发病机制尚不清楚。主要综述天疱疮抗原的结构、致病机制以及在诊断治疗中的应用 3个方面     

奥马珠单抗成功治疗大疱性类天疱疮

大疱性类天疱疮是一种自身免疫性大疱性疾病，皮损除有大疱外，还伴有剧烈瘙痒和荨麻疹样皮损，患者血清中主要有IgG抗体，便部分患者体内有IgG抗体。有研究发现70％未治疗的大疱性类天疱患者体内存在高滴度的IgE抗体（平均339U）。     

80例大疱性皮肤病组织病理及直接免疫荧光结果分析

目的：探讨组织病理及直接免疫荧光检查对大疱性皮肤病的诊断意义。方法：对80例大疱性皮肤病患者的皮损进行组织病理检查,并采用鼠抗人免疫球蛋白（IgG,IgM,IgA）及补体C3进行直接免疫荧光检查,对结果进行回顾性分析。结果：本组患者自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病占60.00%,以天疱疮和类天疱疮为主,非自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病以大疱性表皮松解症及大疱性多形红斑多见,不同类型的大疱性皮肤病组织病理及免疫荧光具有特征性。结论：组织病理及直接免疫荧光检查对大疱性皮肤病的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗、预后判断具有重要的意义。     

Concomitant Occurrence of Circulating IgA Anti-intercellular and Anti-basement Membrane Zone Antibodies in Autoimmune Blistering Diseases: Immunofluorescence and Immunoblot Studies

Recently, cases with circulating IgA anti-intercellular antibodies have been described. The objective of this study was to present immunofluorescence and immunoblot findings in three cases of bullous diseases with concomitant circulating IgA anti-intercellular and anti-basement membrane zone antibodies. Direct immunofluorescence, indirect immunofluorescence on intact and 1M NaCl-split skin, immunoblotting of epidermal extracts from dispase- and EDTA-separated (two different procedures) human skin, and immunoblotting of the bovine desmosome preparation were performed. All three cases had IgA anti-intercellular and anti-basement membrane zone antibodies. However, immunoblot results were divergent. Case 1 had antibodies against the 150 kD pemphigus foliaceus antigen (IgG), the 170 kD protein (IgG and IgA), and the 97 kD antigen (IgG and IgA). Case 2 had IgG antibodies reactive with the 230 kD and the 170 kD bullous pemphigoid antigens, while case 3 had IgA antibodies against the 97 kD antigen only. The results of immunofluorescence and immunoblot studies in our patients widen the spectrum of laboratory features in blistering skin diseases mediated, at least in part, by antibodies of the IgA class.     

抗BP180NC16A IgG亚型检测方法的建立以及在大疱性类天疱疮中的意义

【摘要】 目的 建立抗BP180NC16A IgG亚型的检测方法,并探讨其在大疱性类天疱疮（BP）中的意义。方法 原核表达GST-NC16A融合蛋白,并采用亲和层析法纯化。优化ELISA关键环节,建立抗BP180NC16A IgG各亚型的ELISA检测方法,并对10例未经治疗的BP、5例妊娠疱疹、1例成人线状IgA大疱性皮病、2例天疱疮患者血清分别进行检测。结果 通过方阵测定法确定GST-NC16A融合蛋白的包被浓度为500 μg/L,包被条件为4 ℃ 12 h,血清稀释倍数为1 ∶ 100,酶标二抗为1 ∶ 2000,孵育条件为37 ℃ 1 h,底物反应条件37 ℃ 20 min。10例大疱性类天疱疮患者10例IgG1阳性,9例IgG2阳性,5例IgG3阳性,9例IgG4阳性。2例寻常型天疱疮、1例成人线状IgA大疱性皮病均阴性。5例妊娠疱疹所有亚型均阳性,以IgG1和IgG3亚型为主。结论 抗BP180NC16A ELISA检测法特异性强、重复性好,是检测BP和妊娠疱疹患者抗BP180NC16A抗体亚型的半定量方法。     

Frequency of IgA antibodies in pemphigus, bullous pemphigoid and mucous membrane pemphigoid

Circulating and bound IgA antibodies can be found in the autoimmune blistering diseases, but their prevalence, clinical relevance and target antigens remain unknown. Thirty-two patients with pemphigus, 73 with bullous pemphigoid and 28 with mucous membrane pemphigoid were studied retrospectively. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) analysis of IgG, IgA, IgM and C3 was carried out for all cases. Sera were studied by standard indirect immunofluorescence, indirect immunofluorescence on salt-split skin, immunoblotting for bullous pemphigoid and mucous membrane pemphigoid and ELISA for pemphigus. With DIF, we found IgA autoantibodies in 22 of all 133 cases. Circulating IgA antibodies to skin were detected in 2 of 3 IgA-DIF-positive patients with pemphigus, in 3 of 6 with bullous pemphigoid, and in 6 of 13 with mucous membrane pemphigoid. We confirm that the IgA reactivity is more frequently associated with mucous membrane involvement, especially in cases without critical involvement (5/8). The role of IgA and its antigenic specificity in these diseases remain unclear.     

Pemphigus vulgaris preceded by herpetiform-like skin lesions with negative immunofluorescence findings

We report a case of pemphigus vulgaris in a 63-year-old woman. At the first onset, she developed herpetiform-like skin lesions. Their histology showed eosinophilic spongiosis and intraepidermal blister formation with an infiltrate of eosinophils. Both direct and indirect immunofluorescence studies were negative. She remained in remission for 6 years. At the second onset, she developed bullous skin lesions; histological examination disclosed suprabasal acantholysis and infiltration of eosinophils. Direct immunofluorescence revealed IgG and C3 deposits at the cell surface, predominantly in the lower epidermis. Indirect immunofluorescence using normal human skin as a substrate demonstrated anti-cell surface IgG antibodies at a titer of 1:160. Immunoblot analysis showed that the patient's serum reacted only with a 130 kD protein. This case indicates that pemphigus vulgaris can follow herpetiform-like skin lesions with negative immunofluorescence findings after a long remission time.     

IgG subclasses of intercellular and basement membrane zone antibodies: the relationship to the capability of complement fixation

There are four main subclasses of human IgG: IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, among which IgG1-IgG3 activate complement, but IgG4 does not. We studied the IgG subclasses of anti-intercellular (IC) antibodies in pemphigus patients and anti-basement membrane zone (BMZ) antibodies in bullous pemphigoid (BP) patients by immunofluorescent staining using mouse monoclonal antibodies against human IgG1-IgG4. At the same time, the capability of complement fixation of each serum was determined by means of complement immunofluorescence. In both pemphigus and BP autoantibodies, various distributions of IgG subclass were shown, but specific patterns were not observed. In BP, all of the complement fixing antibodies had at least one of IgG1-IgG3 subclasses, while noncomplement fixing antibodies only possessed IgG4. This result agreed well with the biologic characteristics of IgG subclasses in respect of complement fixing capability. On the contrary, in pemphigus, the circulating antibodies showed a distribution of IgG subclass which did not correlate with the biologic characteristics in terms of complement activation. This discrepancy may further dispute the roles of the complement system on the bulla formation in pemphigus.     

Possible paraneoplastic syndrome case of bullous pemphigoid with immunoglobulin G anti‐BP180 C‐terminal domain antibodies associated with psoriasis and primary macroglobulinemia

A 61‐year‐old Japanese man developed bullous skin lesions during topical therapy for psoriasis vulgaris. Physical examination demonstrated numerous tense bullae and scaly erythemas on the trunk and extremities. Histopathology of the skin biopsy demonstrated subepidermal bullae and lymphocytic infiltration with eosinophils in the dermis. Direct immunofluorescence revealed linear deposits of immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA and C3 along the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence of 1 mol/L NaCl‐split skin showed IgG reactivity with both epidermal and the dermal sides. IgM reactivity with both the epidermal and dermal sides was also detected. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays showed negative results for both BP180 and BP230. Immunoelectrophoresis of serum and bone marrow aspiration revealed underlying primary macroglobulinemia with M‐proteinemia of IgM‐κ type. Immunoblot analysis revealed IgG, but not IgM, antibodies to recombinant protein of BP180 C‐terminal domain. We diagnosed the present case as bullous pemphigoid with IgG anti‐BP180 C‐terminal domain autoantibodies associated with primary macroglobulinemia and psoriasis vulgaris. Systemic administration of prednisolone 30 mg/day resulted in dramatic improvement of both bullous and psoriatic skin lesions. When the bullous and psoriatic lesions relapsed, DRC chemotherapy (dexamethasone, rituximab and cyclophosphamide) for macroglobulinemia was performed. Then, the psoriatic lesions improved and the bullous lesions disappeared. We suggested that the present case may be paraneoplastic syndrome of bullous pemphigoid associated with primary macroglobulinemia and psoriasis vulgaris.     

获得性大疱性表皮松解症误诊一例并文献复习

报道一例反复误诊的获得性大疱表皮松解症并对相关文献进行复习。患者,女,25岁。皮疹泛发全身,主要表现为张力性水疱,疱壁紧张,尼氏征阴性,在外院误诊为天疱疮、线状IgA大疱病。组织病理检查示:表皮下水疱;盐裂IIF：IgG沉积在真皮侧; DIF:表皮基底膜IgG、C3、IgM、IgA带状沉积,ELISA：BP180,BP230均阴性,诊断为获得性大疱性表皮松解症,给予甲泼尼龙、氨苯砜、人免疫球蛋白、吗替麦考酚酯等治疗,病情好转。     

Pemphigoid nodularis with IgA autoantibodies against the intracellular domain of desmoglein 1

Pemphigoid nodularis is a rare variant of bullous pemphigoid. We report a 49-year-old Japanese male with clinical and histopathological features of pemphigoid nodularis including circulating and in vivo-bound IgG antibasement membrane zone antibodies and IgA anti-intercellular antibodies. Although the precise molecular target of the IgG autoantibodies could not be determined, intriguingly, immunoblotting showed that the IgA in the patient's serum reacted with the intracellular domain of desmoglein 1, the target antigen in cases of pemphigus foliaceus. However, the IgA did not react with the extracellular domain of desmoglein 1 in sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay studies using a baculovirus system. These results suggest therefore that these IgA antibodies may possibly not be pathogenic. The mechanism for the production of different autoantibodies is unknown, but this case provides further illustration of the atypical skin immunoreactants often seen in this unusual subtype of bullous pemphigoid.     

Bullous pemphigoid with pemphigus type antibodies in vivo. 2 cases

Pemphigus vulgaris, whether of the vulgaris or foliaceus variety, and bullous pemphigoid (BP) are two groups of auto-immune bullous diseases which in most cases can easily be differentiated on the basis of clinical, histological and, mainly, immunopathological data. Like cicatricial pemphigoid, BP may be accompanied with circulating pemphigus-like antibodies (PLA) which are not detected in vivo by direct immunofluorescence (IF). However, a true pemphigus-BP association, as reported first by Chorzelski et al., is exceptional. Two cases of BP immunolabelled with pemphigus-like antibodies at direct IF are reported, raising a discussion on this particular association. The first case concerns a 62-year old man presenting with extensive psoriasis treated with salicylated vaseline and topical corticosteroids. The patients was admitted for a disseminated, symmetrical and pruriginous bullous eruption made up of tense bullae on healthy and psoriatic skin or on an urticarial background, without Nikolsky's sign. Pathological examination of a recent bulla showed subepidermal detachment without acantholysis. Direct cutaneous IF revealed linear labelling of the basement membrane zone with IgG, C3 and C1q, and labelling of the inter-cellular substance of the epidermis with IgG. Indirect IF on O+ human skin demonstrated antibodies of the pemphigoid type (1/128) and of the pemphigus type (1/64). Standard laboratory examinations only showed moderate blood eosinophilia (950/mm3) and a rise in total IgE. Under systemic corticosteroid therapy (prednisone 1 mg/kg/day) and azathioprine (2 mg/kg/day) the bullae rapidly disappeared.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)