辽东楤木的化学成分及药理活性研究

<正> 辽东楤木(Aralia elata)系五加科楤木属植物,具有补气安神、强精滋肾、祛风活血、除湿止痛的功能,用以治疗神经衰弱、风湿性关节炎、肝炎、糖尿病、胃痉挛、外伤出血以及阳虚气弱、肾气不足等症。我们从辽东楤木的根皮中分得22个化合物,利用理化和光谱方法鉴定了17个化合物,其余化合物的结构还在鉴定中。这些化合物除β-谷甾醇(A_2),齐墩果酸(A_3),楤木皂甙A(A_(12)),楤木皂甙C(A_(15))外,其余13个化合物均为首次从该植物中分得,分别是二十四碳     

楤木根皮中皂甙化学成分的研究

楤木根皮中的主要成分是皂甙。将总皂甙以柱层析分离,得到三个化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅲ),经光谱分析和化学方法证明,Ⅰ为楤木皂甙A(araloside A);Ⅱ为银莲花甙(narcissiflorine);Ⅲ是3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→)2)-α-L-阿拉伯糖]-齐墩果酸。Ⅲ为一新皂甙,命名为楤木皂甙D(araloside D)。     

楤木根皮中皂甙化学成分的研究

楤木根皮中的主要成分是皂甙。将总皂甙以柱层析分离,得到三个化合物(Ⅰ～Ⅲ),经光谱分析和化学方法证明,Ⅰ为楤木皂甙A(araloside A);Ⅱ为银莲花甙(narcissiflorine);Ⅲ是3-O-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖-(1→)2)-α-L-阿拉伯糖]-齐墩果酸。Ⅲ为一新皂甙,命名为楤木皂甙D(araloside D)。     

头序楤木叶中三萜化学成分的研究

从头序楤木(Aralia dasyphyla Miq)叶中分离到6个三萜化合物,用化学方法和波谱(UV,IR,MS,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR,¹³CDEPT,HMQC,HMBC)分析,确定其中4种化合物的结构,分别为齐墩果酸(I),16β-羟基-18β-H-齐墩果酸(I),齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(II)和16β-羟基-18β-H-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(IV)。用NOESY谱确定化合物I的立体构型。以上4个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离到,化合物IV为新化合物。     

辽东楤本化学成分的研究

从辽东楤本(Aralia elata)的根皮中分得8个化合物,利用理化和光谱方法鉴定分别为胡萝卜甙-6’-棕榈酸酯(6’-O-palmitoyl-β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside,A_5)、罗盘草甙A(silphioside A,A_9)、楤木皂甙A甲酯(araloside A methyl ester,A_(10))、竹节人参甙I_b(chikusetusaponin I_b,A_(11))、楤木皂甙A(araloside A,A_(12))、楤木皂甙C(araloside C,A_(15)、楤木皂甙G(araloside G,A_(16))、无梗五加甙D(acanthoside D,B_1)。化合物A_5,A_9,A_(11)和B_1为首次从该植物中分得,A_(10)为新天然产物,A_(16)为新化合物命名为楤木皂甙G,归属了化合物A_9,A_(15)的~(13)C-NMR化学位移。     

太白楤木根皮的齐墩果酸皂甙

从太白楤木(Aralia taibaiensis Z.Z.Wang et H.C.Zheng)根皮中首次分离到5个齐墩果酸皂甙,根据理化性质和光谱数据,分别鉴定为木皂甙A(1),3-O-[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸丁酯]-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(2),3-O-[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸乙酯]-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(3),屏边三七甙R₂(4)和3-O-｛β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)[α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖(1→4)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸乙酯｝-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(5)。2,3和5为新化合物,分别命名为太白楤木皂甙I(taibaienoside I)、太白楤木皂甙II(taibaienoside II)和太白楤木皂甙III(taibaienoside III)。     

丝瓜叶化学成分研究(Ⅱ)

从丝瓜(Luffa cylinderica Roem)叶中分得11种成分,经理化和光谱分析鉴定,其中3种成分的结构分别为21β-羟基齐墩果酸(L-1),2α-羟基齐墩果酸-3-o-β-D葡萄吡喃糖甙(L-6a)和2α-羟基丝石竹配基-3-o-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙(L-6b)。L-6a和L-6b系首次从天然界分得的三萜皂甙。     

Two New Oleanolic Acid Saponins from the Root Bark of Aralia taibaiensis

从新种太白木（ＡｒａｌｉａｔａｉｂａｉｅｎｓｉｓＺＺＷａｎｇｅｔＨＣＺｈｅｎｇ）根皮中分离得到两个新的齐墩果酸皂甙和一个已知化合物，齐墩果酸２８ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖甙（１）。经理化性质和光谱数据分析，鉴定两个新化合物结构为：３ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖醛酸丁酯齐墩果酸２８ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖甙（２）和３ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖醛酸癸酯齐墩果酸２８ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖甙（３），分别命名为太白木皂甙Ⅳ和太白木皂甙Ⅴ。     

西南獐牙菜化学成分的研究

从西南獐牙菜的全植物中分离出五个化合物,其中四个分别被鉴定为β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ),齐墩果酸(Ⅵ),1,3,7,8-四羟基咄酮(Ⅴ)和山楂酸(Ⅱ)。另一化合物系新的三萜酸糖酯甙,命名为獐牙菜皂甙(swericinctoside,Ⅰ),其结构为2α,3β-二羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-羧酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(1-6)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖基-(1-2)-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖甙。     

辽东楤本化学成分的研究

从辽东楤本(Aralia elata)的根皮中分得8个化合物,利用理化和光谱方法鉴定分别为胡萝卜甙-6’-棕榈酸酯(6’-O-palmitoyl-β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside,A₅)、罗盘草甙A(silphioside A,A₉)、楤木皂甙A甲酯(araloside A methyl ester,A₁₀)、竹节人参甙I_b(chikusetusaponin I_b,A₁₁)、楤木皂甙A(araloside A,A₁₂)、楤木皂甙C(araloside C,A₁₅、楤木皂甙G(araloside G,A₁₆)、无梗五加甙D(acanthoside D,B₁)。化合物A₅,A₉,A₁₁和B₁为首次从该植物中分得,A₁₀为新天然产物,A₁₆为新化合物命名为楤木皂甙G,归属了化合物A₉,A₁₅的¹³C-NMR化学位移。     

Two New Saponins from the Root Bark of Aralia Elata

In addition to three known saponins, araloside A, stipuleanosides R 1 and R 2, two new saponins, named durupcosides A and B, have been isolated from the root bark of Aralia elata as their methylesters. Their structures have been established as 3-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl (1?2)-[a-L-arabinofuranosyl (1?4)]-ß-D-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid and 3-O-a-L-arabinopyranosyl (1?2)-[ß-D-glucopyranosyl (1?3)]-ß-D-glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid, respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical reactions.     

Triterpenoid saponins from the roots ofCaragana sinica

From the roots ofCaragana sinica (Buc'hoz) Rehder (Leguminosae), a new saponin named caraganoside A was isolated and elucidated as 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-α-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester by means of chemical and spectral studies. Kalopanax-saponin F, hemsloside Ma3 and araloside A were also isolated and characterized. The former two compounds were separated as their methylesters.     

辽东木中的新化合物

辽东木〔Ａｒａｌｉａｅｌａｔａ（Ｍｉｑ．）Ｓｅｅｍ〕系五加科木属植物,主要分布于我国的东北,主要化学成分为以齐墩果酸为苷元的三萜皂苷,从其降糖活性部位正丁醇层提取物中分离得到一系列化合物,其中之一鉴定为新化合物,命名为木皂苷Ｓ１（ａｒａｌｏｓｉ...     

楤木化学成分的研究

目的 研究楤木的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20、ODS柱层析、半制备型高效液相色谱等分离方法进行分离纯化,经理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定化合物结构.结果 分离鉴定了4个三萜皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为elatoside K methyl ester(Ⅰ)、araloside Amethyl ester(Ⅱ)、pseudoginsenoside RTl butyl ester (Ⅲ)和太白楤木皂苷Ⅰ(Ⅳ).结论 化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,化合物Ⅱ～Ⅳ均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Triterpene glycoside from Terminalia arjuna

A new triterpene glycoside, arjunetoside, together with oleanolic and arjunic acids has been isolated from the root bark of Terminalia arjuna. The structure of arjunetoside has been established as 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-2alpha,3beta, 19alpha-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside by chemical and spectral data.     

Molluscicidal Saponins of Xeromphis spinosa

From the ethanolic extract of the defatted leaves of XEROMPHIS SPINOSA (Thunb.) Keay two new oleanolic acid based glycosides have been isolated and characterized with the help of FABMS, (13)C-NMR and chemical studies.     

Two new triterpenoid saponins from Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht. et Opiz

Two new triterpenoid saponins, named cernuaside C and D, have been isolated from Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht. et Opiz. The structures of the two new triterpenoid saponins were elucidated as 3-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 3)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside. (1) and 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 --> 3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1 --> 2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl oleanolic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) by 1D, 2D-NMR techniques, ESI-MS analysis as well as chemical methods.