大植片穿透角膜移植术

目的 探讨穿透性大植片角膜移植治疗角膜大病灶的手术的安全性和有效性。方法 采用〉９ｍｍ直径的角膜移植片行角膜移植术治疗角膜病１１例（１１只眼）,并与６～７ｍｍ直径角膜移植组１５例（１５眼）进行对照。结果 两组角膜透明率均为１００％;裸眼视力≥０．５者大植片组有８组（占７２．７％）,小植片组有５眼（占３３．３％）,大植片组视力恢复优于小植片组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。术后１２个月角膜散光的发生率大植片组较小植片组低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。大角膜植片并不增加排斥反应的治疗难度。结论 治疗角膜病变范围较大的角膜病患者,采用〉９ｍｍ直径的角膜植片行角移植的手术方法是安全可行的。     

穿透性角膜移植术后影响角膜透明性的相关因素分析

目的 :通过对穿透性角膜移植术后角膜透明状况及相关影响因素的分析 ,探讨其临床变化规律 ,以提高角膜移植手术的成功率。方法 :连续性穿透性角膜移植病例 10 4例 10 7眼 ,在术后 1月、3月、6月、12月、18月、2 4月、36月角膜病专科门诊随访 ,除常规检查外 ,重点检查患者角膜的透明状态、植片内皮细胞以及并发症。结果 :穿透性角膜移植术后 1月 10 7眼中82眼透明 (76 .6 % ) ,术后 6月 90眼中 6 9眼透明 (76 .7% ) ,术后 12月 81眼中 5 1眼透明 (6 3% ) ,术后 2 4月 4 0眼中 2 6眼透明(6 5 % )。与此同时患者的视力亦有不同程度的增加 ,尤以角膜透明者视力增加明显 ;术后 1月角膜透明 82眼中有 6 7眼矫正视力 >0 .1(82 % ) ,术后 3月 6 3眼中有 5 9眼矫正视力 >0 .1(94 % ) ,术后 6月 6 9眼中有 6 6眼矫正视力 >0 .1(96 % )。结论 :穿透性角膜移植术是治疗因角膜病盲患者的重要手段 ,排斥反应是影响角膜植片透明的主要原因。     

局部切除联合部分板层角膜移植治疗角膜皮样瘤19例疗效分析

目的 观察局部切除联合部分板层角膜移植治疗角膜皮样瘤的临床疗效.方法 对19例角膜皮样瘤用比瘤体边缘宽0.5 mm的环钻划界,行病灶处做部分角膜及巩膜切除,采用甘油保存的供体角膜,选用比植床大0.25 mm的环钻钻取角膜植片,均匀剖切成形状、深度与植床相当的角膜植片,行部分板层角膜移植术.结果 随访6个月～3年,所有植片与植床愈合良好,植片透明13眼(68.42%),半透明6眼(31.58%).2眼出现植片下新生血管长入及植片轻度水肿,经抗排斥治疗后血管萎缩、消退,术后正常眼表结构恢复快,视力与术前相比无明显变化.所有病例均未见复发.结论 局部彻底切除联合部分板层角膜移植是治疗角膜皮样瘤较理想的方法.     

深低温长期保存角膜行穿透性角膜移植术的临床观察

目的观察深低温长期保存角膜行穿透性角膜移植术的临床效果.方法观察组25例(25只眼)采用深低温长期保存角膜行穿透性移植术.对照组23例(23只眼)采用新鲜人尸角膜行穿透性移植术.随访3～32个月.结果观察组中角膜植片透明18例(占72.0%),半透明5例,混浊1例,眼球摘除1例.对照组中角膜植片透明17例(占73.5%),半透明5例,混浊1例.两组植片透明情况无统计学意义(χ2=0.022,P＞0.05).结论深低温长期保存角膜在穿透性角膜移植术中具有重要的临床价值和推广价值.     

自动角膜板层刀在角膜移植中的应用

目的：介绍自动角膜板层刀应用于板层角膜移植手术的治疗效果。方法：对3例3只眼用自动角膜板层刀在受体眼上根据病变厚度及直径大小做植床,然后在供体眼上做与受体相应厚度和直径的植片,再将植片放置于植床使其自然粘附,结果：经3个月随访,3例3只眼均达到了手术的目的,其中1例视力为指数／40cm,1例为0．2,另1例无明显改善;2只眼植片完全透明,1只眼半透明;1例1只眼术后第3天出现层间出血,经激光处理后植片透明,余均未出现术中及术后并发症,结论：用自动角膜板层刀行板层角膜移植术与既往板层角膜移植术相比,有明显优越性。     

穿透性角膜移植术180例临床研究

目的 观察光学性及治疗性穿透性角膜移植术的疗效及并发症.方法 对分别用新鲜角膜和甘油保存角膜做穿透性角膜移植的180例(180眼)进行回顾性总结.结果 用新鲜角膜行光学性角膜移植76例,植片透明者65例,占85.53%;用甘油保存角膜行治疗性角膜移植104例,植片全部浑浊.术后主要并发症:免疫排斥反应光学性穿透性角膜移植组8例(10.53%),治疗性穿透性角膜移植组48例(46.15%);继发性青光眼光学性穿透性角膜移植组3例(3.95%),治疗性穿透性角膜移植组20例(19.23%).结论 光学性穿透移植可使角膜盲患者复明,但防治并发症是成功的关键.治疗性穿透移植可有效去除病灶,控制原发病,为二期光学性角膜移植创造条件.     

板层角膜移植治疗翼状胬肉及角膜皮样瘤

为观察板层角膜移植治疗翼状胬肉及角膜皮样瘤的疗效,我们对17例(17只眼)翼状胬肉患者及5例(5只眼)角膜皮样瘤患者进行了板层角膜移植。术后随访1～4年。翼状胬肉组和角膜皮样瘤组植片透明率分别为82.4%及100%。翼状胬肉组排斥反应发生率为17.6%,角膜皮样瘤组无一例发生排斥反应。所有病例角膜中央厚度手术前后差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。两组病例术后角膜散光均较术前降低,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组病例术后视力均有不同程度提高。翼状胬肉组术后复发率为11.8%。结果表明板层角膜移植可使角膜完整、植片透明、减少散光、提高视力并降低术后翼状胬肉的复发率,是一种理想的治疗方法,值得推广。     

心脏死亡大鼠供体角膜移植排斥模型建立

目的建立一种心脏死亡大鼠供体角膜移植排斥模型,观察术后排斥反应,总结手术操作技巧,提高大鼠角膜移植排斥模型的成功率。方法 50只成年雌性SD大鼠按照随机数字表随机分为供体组(10只,20眼)、实验组(同种异体角膜移植组20只,20眼)、对照组(自体角膜移植组20只,20眼)。5 m L空气注射入供体大鼠心腔内造成心脏死亡后取4.25 mm直径角膜植片。实验组大鼠采用水合氯醛腹腔麻醉后作4.0 mm直径植床,将供体植片用国产12-0缝线间断缝合于受体植床上行穿透性角膜移植术;对照组采用水合氯醛腹腔麻醉后用4.0 mm环钻取角膜,植片旋转180°原位缝合。术后两组大鼠滴妥布霉素眼膏1次/d。体式显微镜下观察并拍照,按照Larkin的标准进行排斥反应评分,计算排斥反应指数,直至术后14 d取材。统计两组排斥反应指数评分,采用SPSS软件进行t检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结果 (1)实验组大鼠中有1只死亡,19只发生排斥反应,排斥率为100%,对照组无排斥反应发生;(2)术后14 d,实验组排斥反应评分为(8.5±2.12)分,远高于对照组排斥反应评分(3.0±0.32)分,... 更多     

玻璃体视网膜手术联合穿透性角膜移植手术临床观察

目的:观察在应用人工角膜下行玻璃体视网膜手术联合穿透性角膜移植手术患者的手术适应症以及临床疗效,探讨影响手术成功的因素。方法:回顾总结我院18例从1996年12月至2005年6月行玻璃体视网膜手术联合穿透性角膜移植病人,分析病因,手术适应症,前后节功能恢复以及和手术并发症等因素。结果:13眼视力较前提高,其中视力在0.05~0.1之间者5只眼;0.1~0.3者4眼,0.5者1眼;视力与术前无变化者5眼,10只眼角膜植片透明,2只眼再次做角膜移植手术,6只眼出现角膜植片水肿、混浊,其中3眼为角膜排斥反应,3眼为角膜内皮失代偿。结论:尽管联合手术的视功能恢复是有限的,但为患者脱盲做出了贡献。     

角膜干细胞移植与单纯切除治疗翼状胬肉的比较

目的 :比较角膜干细胞移植与单纯切除治疗翼状胬肉的疗效。方法 :翼状胬肉病人 4 5 2例 (4 5 2眼 )随机分为A、B两组 ,每组各 2 2 6例 (2 2 6眼 )。显微镜下手术 ,A组行切除胬肉加角膜干细胞移植术 ,B组行单纯切除胬肉术。观察术后植片生长、角膜创面修复、角膜新生血管及胬肉复发率。结果 :A组术后 3～ 4d(平均3.4 5d)全部植片成活 ,无感染病例。术后角膜创面修复时间A组为 2～ 4d ,平均 3.4 5d± 0 .97d ;B组为 3～ 7d ,平均 5 .5 1d± 1.2 1d(P <0 .0 1)。角膜新生血管A组有 11例 11眼 ;B组有 71例 71眼。术后 12个月胬肉复发率A组为 4 .3% ,复发 9例 9眼 ,失访 17例 17眼 ;B组为 2 9.9% ,复发 6 2例 6 2眼 ,失访 19例 19眼 (P <0 .0 1)。结论翼状胬肉角膜干细胞移植明显较单纯胬肉切除的疗效好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.