用PCR检测乙型肝炎患者血清巨细胞病毒活动性感染

应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测１２５例乙型肝炎患者血清中巨细胞病毒脱氧核糖核酸（ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ）诊断ＣＭＶ活动性感染、同时与酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测血清中ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ的结果相比较。结果显示：ＣＶＭ－ＤＮＡ阳性率为３２．８０％，同于ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性率１５．０２％，各型肝炎中，急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝硬化血清ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为１９．０５％，３５．２９％。血清ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ阴性的乙     

妊娠早期妇女巨细胞病毒感染状况的研究

目的：检查孕妇绒毛巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）感染，了解孕妇ＣＭＶ的早期感染状况。方法：采用ＥＬＩＳＡ、ＰＣＲ、病毒分离方法检测３２例早孕妇女血清ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ、宫颈和绒毛ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ。结果：孕妇血清ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性率９．３８％（３／３２）；宫颈ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率为１２．５％（４／３２）；绒毛ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性１例，分离阳性１例，阳性率为６．２５％（２／３２）；２例绒毛ＣＭＶ感染，但血清及宫颈检查正常。结论：妊娠早期绒毛的ＣＭＶ感染率为６．２５％，母亲血清和宫颈检查正常并不能排除胎儿先天感染的可能。     

用PCR检测消化道巨细胞病毒感染

应用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测５１例消化道疾病患者活检或手术标本的人类巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）－ＤＮＡ，阳性率９．８０％；采用间接免疫荧光法随机检测其中４１例患者血清ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ。结果显示：消化道组织巨细胞病毒感染数低于血清ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性数（Ｐ〈０．０１）；血清ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ检测中，恶性肿瘤和结肠炎患者ＨＣＭＶ感染均较对照组为高（Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．０５）。提示ＰＣＲ是消化道巨细胞病毒     

肺部感染性疾病巨细胞病毒感染状态分析

目的 分析肺部巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）感染状况及其意义，方法 应用ＰＣＲ技术检测４５例肺部感染性疾病患者的肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ），保护性标本刷（ＰＳＢ）洗涤液及血白细胞ＣＭＶＤＮＡ，应用ＥＬＩＳＡ技术检测血清ＣＭＶＩｇＭ，结果 ＢＡＬＦ，ＰＳＢ，血白细胞ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ及血清ＩｇＭ的阳性率分别为３１．１１％，３５．５５％，１３．３３％和５１．１１％，肺部ＣＭＶ感染病毒血症的发生率为２８．５７％，肺癌与非     

用PCR检测消化道巨细胞病毒感染

应用多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测５１例消化道疾病患者活检或手术标本的人类巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）－ＤＮＡ，阳性率９．８０％；采用间接免疫荧光法随机检测其中４１例患者血清ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ。结果显示：消化道组织巨细胞病毒感染数低于血清ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性数（Ｐ＜０．０１）；血清ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ检测中，恶性肿瘤和结肠炎患者ＨＣＭＶ感染均较对照组为高（Ｐ＜０．０１和Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示ＰＣＲ是消化道巨细胞病毒感染的特异而敏感的早期诊断方法     

烧伤患者人巨细胞病毒感染状况的研究

目的：了解烧伤患者人巨细胞病毒感染状况。方法：采用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）和ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别对１４５例烧伤患者尿中人巨细胞病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＣＭＶＤＮＡ）和血清中ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ抗体进行检测。结果：烧伤患者ＨＣＭＶＤＮＡ阳性率为６１．３８％,正常对照组为２９．４９％,差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）;烧伤总面积（ＴＢＳＡ）≥３０％患者阳性率为７３．１３％,显著高于ＴＢＳＡ＜３０％患者５１．２８％（Ｐ＜０．０５）;小儿烧伤组阳性率为７８．７９％显著高于成人烧伤组５６．２５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时,烧伤患者血清中ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ抗体阳性率为１０．３４％,在ＰＣＲ检测阳性８９例患者中有１５例ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ为阳性。结论：烧伤后人巨细胞病毒感染率显著升高,尤其以大面积烧伤患者更甚,在临床上应引起广泛重视。     

妊娠早期人巨细胞病毒感染与妇女自然流产的关系探讨

目的：探讨妊娠早期人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）感染和妇女自然流产的关系。方法：采用ＥＬＩＳＡ和ＰＣＲ分别为４０例自然流产妇女和４０例人工流产妇女和血清中人巨细胞病毒ＩｇＭ抗体（ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ）胎盘组织中人巨细胞病毒核酸（ＨＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ）进行检测。结果自然流产组妇女ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ检出率为５５％（２２／４０）,人工流产组妇女为２５％（１０／４０）,自然流产组妇女胎盘组织ＨＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ检出率为１０％     

疱疹病毒经胎盘传播的研究

应用ＰＣＲ技术和ＥＬＩＳＡ间接法对贵阳地区２８６对母婴配对血清进行巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）和单纯疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）ＤＮＡ和特异性ＩｇＭ、ＩｇＭ抗体检测。结果表明贵阳地区产妇ＣＭＶ、ＨＳＶ特异性ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率分别为８５．６７％和８０．７７％;新生儿血清ＣＭＶ、ＨＳＶ特异性ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率为８２．８７％和７６．９２％。而产妇血清ＣＭＶ、ＨＳＶ１,２ＤＮＡ检出率分别为１２．２４％、９．７９％和６．２９％;新     

用间接免疫荧光法和PCR技术重新评价抗CMV－抗体检测的临床意义

为了正确评价临床常用的检测抗巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）抗体的临床意义，用间接免疫荧光法（ＩＦＡ）和聚合酶链反应技术（ＰＣＲ）检测了５０例急性黄疸型甲型肝炎患儿血白细胞中ＣＭＶ早期抗原（ＥＡ）和晚期抗原（ＬＡ）、血白细胞及尿沉渣ＣＭＶ－ＤＮＡ，阳性率分别为５８％、２２％、６８％、６２％。同期检测抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＧ、抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ，并观察ＩｇＧ急性期／恢复期是否升高４倍以上（ＩｇＧ↑↑），阳性率分别为８６％、３４％及４６％。仅检测１次ＩｇＧ，１４％的患者会漏诊；动态监测ＩｇＧ，４３．９％的活动性ＣＭＶ感染者会漏判；仅检测１次ＩｇＭ，５８．５％的活动性ＣＭＶ感染者会漏判。７９％的ＩｇＧ阳性患者为活动性感染（ＥＡ、ＬＡ、ＩｇＧ↑↑或ＩｇＭ任何１项阳性）；原发性及继发性活动性ＣＭＶ感染者的ＩｇＧ↑↑、ＥＡ、ＩｇＭ阳性率分别为１００％、４２．９％、２８．６％和４７．０％、７６．５％、４４．１％，表明原发感染诊断主要依靠ＩｇＧ↑↑，而继发活动感染则需多种指标。同期检测了２２名健康ＣＭＶ感染儿童的上述指标，与之无显著差异。     

抗HCV-IgM抗体测定及临床初步应用

将市售ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＧ诊断试剂盒加以改良，建立了ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＭ抗体检测方法，与抗ＨＢｃ－ＩｇＭ，抗ＨＢｓ－ＩｇＭ，抗ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ，抗ＲＶ－ＩｇＭ，ＲＦ及抗核抗体（ＡＮＡ）阳性血清均不起反应。正常人群中抗ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＭ阳性率为１．５％（１／６８），抗ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＧ阳性的４３例血透患者检出抗ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＭ１４例（３２．６％），１２例输血后肝炎抗ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＭ全部阳性。以上结果表明，抗ＨＣＶ－ＩｇＭ可作为输血后ＨＣＶ感染的一个敏感指标     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.