微甘菊花挥发油成分分析

应用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对微甘菊花挥发油成分进行了分析,经计算机检索鉴定出42个化合物。本研究为微甘菊的开发利用提供了实验依据。     

New Sesquiterpenes from Litsea verticillata

Seven new sesquiterpenes, named litseagermacrane (1), 7-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-1alpha,6alpha-diol (2), 5-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta,6beta-diol (4), litseahumulanes A (6) and B (7), and litseachromolaevanes A (11) and B (12), as well as the known compounds 7-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta,6beta-diol (3), eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta,6alpha-diol (5), octahydro-4-hydroxy-3alpha-methyl-7-methylene-alpha-(1-methylethyl)-1H-indene-1-methanol (8), 10-hydroxyl-15-oxo-alpha-cadinol (9), and aphanamol II (10), were isolated from an anti-HIV fraction of the leaves and twigs of Litsea verticillata Hance (Figure 1). Isolates 1, 4, and 12 were found to inhibit HIV-1 replication in a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-based reporter cell line (HOG.R5) with IC(50) values of 6.5 (27.5), 17.4 (73.1), and 28.0 (119.7) microg/mL (microM), respectively. The structures of these isolates were determined by spectral data including 1D and 2D NMR spectra. Compound 11 was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis.     

Stem bark alkaloids of Rauvolfia caffra

Thirty two alkaloids were isolated from the stem bark of Rauvolfia caffra and 28 were identified. The alkaloids represented corynane (3), strictamine (1), sarpagan (4), akuammicine (2), pleiocarpamine (1), indolenine (1), dihydroindole (6), peraksine (3), heteroyohimbine (2), hydroxyheteroyohimbine (2), oxindole (1), 2-acyl-indole (1), suaveoline (3) and yohimbine (2) types. The anhydronium base serpentine was detected but not isolated. The principal alkaloids were ajmaline and norajmaline (dihydroindoles), ajmalicinine and ajmalicine (heteroyohimbines), geissoschizol (E-seco indole) and pleiocarpamine and the heteroyohimbine derived alkaloids were predominantly normal configuration compounds. The biosynthetic and ethnopharmacological significance of the alkaloids is discussed.     

卷丹化学成分研究

目的：研究卷丹Lilium lancifolium鳞茎中的化学成分。方法：用色谱法分离卷丹的化学成分,用波谱法鉴定其结构。结果：从卷丹中分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为王百合苷A(1),王百合苷C(2),甲基-α-D-吡喃甘露糖苷(3),甲基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4),(25R,26R)-26-甲氧基螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-［β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),(25R)-螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-［β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),(25R,26R)-17α-羟基-26-甲氧基螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-［β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7),胡萝卜苷(8),腺嘌呤核苷(9),小檗碱(10)。结论：除化合物1,3外均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中10为首次从百合属植物中发现。     

Triterpene saponins from the leaves of Ilex kudingcha

Nine new triterpene saponins, ilekudinosides K-S (1-9), and eight known triterpene saponins were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of the leaves of Ilex kudingcha. The new saponins were characterized as 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-kudinlactone (1), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-beta-kudinlactone (2), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-gamma-kudinlactone (3), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-kudinlactone (4), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-alpha-kudinlactone (5), 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-alpha-kudinlactone (6), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-kudinlactone (7), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-beta-kudinlactone (8), and 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-gamma-kudinlactone (9), respectively. The structures and stereochemistry of compounds 1-9 were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation and chemical degradation.     

青叶胆化学成分研究

目的：对龙胆科獐牙菜属植物青叶胆Swertia mileensis的干燥全草进行化学成分研究。方法：青叶胆的干燥全草用50%乙醇提取，依次用石油醚、氯仿、正丁醇萃取，对氯仿部分采用各种柱色谱进行分离纯化，通过波谱数据分析进行结构鉴定。结果：从氯仿部分分离鉴定了12个化合物，其中8个酮，1，5，8-三羟基-3-甲氧基酮(1)，1-羟基-2，3，5，7- 四甲氧基酮(2)，1-羟基-3，5，8-三甲氧基酮(3)，1-羟基-2，3，4，6-四甲氧基酮(4)，1-羟基-2，3，4，7-四甲氧基酮(5)，1，8-二羟基3，5-二甲氧基酮(6)，1，7-二羟基-3，8-二甲氧基酮(7)，1，3，5，8-四羟基酮(8)，1个木脂素，balanophonin(9)，3个三萜，齐墩果酸(10)，山楂酸(11)，苏门树脂酸(12)。结论：化合物1，3，7～9，11，12为首次从青叶胆中分离得到。     

Investigation of brominated tryptophan alkaloids from two thorectidae sponges: Thorectandra and Smenospongia

Chemical investigation of an NCI-DTP collection of Thorectandra sp. and a UCSC collection of Smenospongia sp. yielded six new brominated tryptophan derivatives: 6-bromo-1'-hydroxy-1',8-dihydroaplysinopsin (4), 6-bromo-1'-methoxy-1',8-dihydroaplysinopsin (5), 6-bromo-1'-ethoxy-1',8-dihydroaplysinopsin (6), (-)-5-bromo-N,N-dimethyltryptophan (7), (+)-5-bromohypaphorine (8), and 6-bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester (11). Additionally, the known compounds aplysinopsin (1), 1',8-dihydroaplysinopsin (2), 6-bromo-1',8-dihydroaplysinopsin (3), (1H-indole-3-yl)acetic acid (9), and (6-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid methyl ester (10) were also encountered. The structures of 4-8 and 11 were confirmed on the basis of analysis of (1)H and (13)C (1D and 2D) NMR data as well as comparison to known compounds. Compounds 1, 3-8, 10, and 11 were found to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis with either weak or moderate MICs.     

Treatment of 34 cases with acne vulgaris by pricking therapy plus auricular-plaster

挑治百会、大椎、陶道、身柱、神道、灵台、肺俞和三阴交穴,并取肺、胃、内分泌、皮质下、耳神门、面颊为主穴行耳穴贴压,治疗痤疮34例,4个疗程后33例有效,1例无效.     

云木香乙醇提取物化学成分研究

目的:为了研究菊科风毛菊属植物云木香的化学成分。方法:采用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20,反相RP-18柱色谱等手段进行分离纯化,并通过波谱数据鉴定结构。结果:分离鉴定了17个化合物:ascleposide E(1),(+)-1-hydroxypi-noresinol-4″-O-methyl ester-4’-β-D-glucopyranoside(2),(+)-1-hydroxy-pinoresinol-4″-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),(+)-1-hydroxypinoresinol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),苯基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside,5),苄基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside,6),正丁基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(n-butyl-β-D-glucopyranoside,7),ilicic alcohol(8),β-cyclocostunolide(9),reynosin(10),11β,13-dihydroreynosin(11),arbusculin A(12),1β-hydroxy-arbusculin A(13),santamarin(14),脱氢木香内酯(dehydrocos-tuslactone,15),11β,13-dihydro-3-epizaluzanin C(16),木香烯内酯(costunolide,17)。结论:化合物1～2首次从该属植物中分离,化合物3,5～7为首次从该植物中分离。     

Cytotoxic triterpenoid saponins from Symplocos chinensis

Six new triterpenoid saponins were isolated as methyl or butyl esters from an n-BuOH extract of the roots of Symplocos chinensis. Their structures were established as symplocososides A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), E (5), and F (6), by extensive 1D and 2D NMR as well as HR-MS analysis and chemical methods. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 were cytotoxic against one or more cell lines, and the derivative from 1 (1d) showed significant selectivities between KB cells and normal cells.     

地乌中的三萜皂苷类成分

目的：研究地乌Anemone flaccida中的化学成分。方法：采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、反相HPLC制备色谱等多种方法分离化合物，采用波谱方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果：从地乌根茎中分离得到12个三萜类化合物，分别为齐墩果酸(1)，齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖苷(2)，五加苷K(3)，齐墩果酸3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖苷(4)，齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖苷(5)，齐墩果酸3-O-βD--吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(6)，齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甲酯(7)，齐墩果酸28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8)，齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)，齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸甲酯28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(10)，齐墩果酸3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)，齐墩果酸3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(12)。结论：化合物5～8，10,12为首次从该植物中分离得到；化合物2,5,11对Hela,BEL-7402和HL-60细胞具有细胞毒性。     

Chemical Constituents from Stems of Cistanches deserticola

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the stems of Cistanches deserticola. Methods The compounds were purified by various column chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic(1D, 2D NMR, IR, [?]D, and MS) and chemical analyses. Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified as kankanoside D1(1), ajugol(2), cistanin(3), uridine(4), adenosine(5), 6-deoxycatalpol(6), and kankanoside D(7). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound.     

Anti-HIV-1 protease triterpenoid saponins from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis

Eight bioactive triterpenoid saponins (1-8) were isolated from the seeds of Aesculus chinensis, four of which are novel compounds. The major saponins were identified as escin Ia (1), Ib (2), isoescin Ia (3) and Ib (4), while the new compounds were identified as 22alpha-tigloyl-28-acetylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-?beta -D-glucopyranos yl (1-2) ?beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVc, 5), 22alpha-angeloyl-28-acetylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-?bet a-D-glucopyrano syl (1-2) ?beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVd, 6), 28-tigloylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-?beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-2) ?beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVe, 7), and 28-angeloylprotoaescigenin-3beta-O-?beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-2) ?beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-4)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (escin IVf, 8). The structures were determined by chemical and spectroscopic methods. All the above compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against HIV-1 protease.     

牛尾菜抗氧化活性成分研究

综合运用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、制备HPLC色谱等多种分离色谱法分离纯化牛尾菜Smilax riparia中的化学成分,进一步以1H,13C-NMR和质谱等有机波谱学方法鉴定各单体化合物的结构。从牛尾菜中分离得到13个化合物,分别为5-甲氧基-[6]-姜酚(1),脱氢松香酸(2),北美芹素(3),2-甲基苯基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4),3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸(5),异香草醛(6),香草酸(7),对羟基桂皮酸(8),对羟基桂皮酸甲酯(9),对羟基苯甲醛(10),阿魏酸甲酯(11),苯甲酸(12),5-羟甲基糠醛(13)。其中化合物1～4,8～12为首次从该属植物中分离得到,所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。DPPH法评价各化合物的抗氧化活性结果表明,化合物1,5～11显示了明确的抗氧化活性。     

血党化学成分的研究

目的:研究血党Ardisia punctata的化学成分。方法:采用反复硅胶柱色谱和制备高效液相色谱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果:得到12个化合物,鉴定为3-羟基-5-十三烷基-苯甲醚(1),5-十五烷基-1,3-间苯二酚(2),2-甲氧基-6-十三烷基-1,4-苯醌(3),2-甲氧基-6-十五烷基-1,4-苯醌(4),glutinol(5),ar-disicrenoside A(6),ardisiacrispin B(7),24-乙基-Δ7,22-胆甾二烯-3-酮(8),24-乙基-Δ7,22-胆甾二烯-3-醇(9),胡萝卜苷(10),香草酸(11),正三十四烷酸(12)。结论:所有化合物均为首次从该植物中获得。     

海洋来源真菌Penicillium sacculum次级代谢产物的研究

 目的 研究海洋来源真菌Penicillium sacculum的次级代谢产物。方法 采用多种色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构;采用台盼蓝排斥法和MTT法进行抗肿瘤活性测试。结果 从发酵液和菌丝体中共分离得到10个化合物,结构鉴定为(R)-1, 3-二氢-6-甲氧基-3-甲基异苯并呋喃-4, 5-二醇(1)、灰黄霉素(2)、1, 6-二羟基-3-甲氧基-8-甲基酮(3)、1-羟基-3-甲基酮(4)、1, 3, 6-三羟基-8-甲基酮(5)、1, 8-二羟基-3-甲基蒽醌(6)、1, 3, 5-三羟基-7-甲基蒽醌(7)、6-羟基芦荟大黄素(8)、腺嘌呤(9)、胸腺嘧啶(10);化合物1和3对人急性髓细胞性白血病细胞HL-60分别具有较强和中等强度的抑制活性。结论 化合物1和4均为首次从该属真菌中分离得到;首次对化合物1的¹H-NMR和¹³C-NMR谱信号进行了全归属;化合物1和3具有抗肿瘤活性。
     

南药巴戟天的化学成分

目的：研究南药巴戟天Morinda officinalis How的化学成分。方法：利用硅胶柱层析和凝胶柱层析对南药巴戟天的根茎进行分离纯化,利用光谱学手段鉴定其结构。结果：分离得到17个已知化合物：大黄素甲醚（1）,1-羟基-2-甲基蒽醌（2）,2-羟基-1-甲氧基蒽醌（3）,甲基异茜草素（4）,甲基异茜草素1-甲醚（5）,1,3-二羟基-2-甲氧基蒽醌（6）,3-羟基-2-甲基蒽醌（7）,Digiferruginol（8）,1,2-二甲氧基-3-羟基蒽醌（9）,1,3-二羟基-2-羟甲基蒽醌（10）,光泽汀ω-乙醚（11）,蒽醌-2-羧酸（12）,7-羟基-6-甲氧基香豆素（13）,反式丁烯二酸（14）,豆甾醇（15）,胡萝卜苷（16）和β-谷甾醇（17）。结论：化合物8-12,14-16首次从该植物中分离得到,并且化合物12和14首次从巴戟天属植物中分离。     

金边瑞香化学成分

目的:对金边瑞香的化学成分进行研究.方法:采用硅胶,ODS,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法对金边瑞香70%乙醇提取所得褐色固体析出物进行化学成分研究,并采用UV,1H-NMR 13C-NMR,MS,CD等光谱技术鉴定其结构.结果:从金边瑞香中分离得到10个化合物,经鉴定为荛花醇B(1)、山奈酚(2)、瑞香黄烷B(3)、瑞香黄烷D2(4)、瑞香黄烷A(5)、瑞香黄烷C(6)、瑞香黄烷D1(7)、瑞香黄烷I(8)、瑞香素(9),双白瑞香素(10).结论:化合物1,2,4为首次从金边瑞香中分离得到,其中化合物1为首次从该属植物中得到.     

山茱萸注射液中马钱素与莫诺苷的药代动力学研究

目的 :建立高效液相色谱法同时测定血浆中山茱萸单体成分马钱素和莫诺苷的浓度 ,研究小鼠静注和灌胃给药后体内药代动力学特点。方法 :采用DiamonsilTMC₁₈色谱柱 (4.6mm× 250mm ,5 μm) ,流动相乙腈 甲醇 0.2 %甲酸 (12∶8∶80 ) ,流速 1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长 237nm。结果 :马钱素和莫诺苷的回归方程分别为Y=1.76 4X-0.0615和Y=1.242X-0.00199,r=0.9999(n =9) ;马钱素和莫诺苷的线性范围分别为 0.38～68.2 5mg·L^-1和 0.66～117.2 2mg·L^-1;其最低检测浓度分别为 0.10,0.16mg·L^-1。马钱素的平均回收率及相对标准偏差分别为99.6% (2.0% ) ,102.0% (1.0% ) ,87.9% (7.2%) ,莫诺苷的平均回收率及相对标准偏差分别为 99.2% (2.5 % ) ,104.1% (1.2%) ,92.7%(4.2%) ,该法的日内和日间精密度 (RSD)均小于 6.8%。小鼠静脉注射山茱萸注射液后 ,药动学行为均符合二室模型 ,马钱素和莫诺苷的主要药动学参数T_1/2(α) ,T_1/2(β) ,K₂₁,K₁₂ ,K₁₀ ,V(c) ,AUC ,CL分别为3.2 ,2 5 .1min ,5.997,4 .981,3.564h^-1,0 .5 5 1L·kg^-1,13.59mg·L^-1·h ,1.965L·kg^-1·h^-1;3.6 ,21.5min ,5.926,3.833,3.797h^-1,0.647L·kg^-1,2 7.15mg·L^-1·h,2.457L·^-1·^-1。结论：首次建立了山茱萸注射液中马钱素和莫诺苷血药浓度的HPLC测定方法，阐明了山茱萸中马钱素和莫诺苷的药代动力学参数，方法的专属性强，结果可靠。     

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??OBJECTIVE To investigate the chemical constituents from the whole plants of Lagopsis supina. METHODS The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatography, and their structures were identified based on their physiochemical properties and spectroscopic data. RESULTS Thirteen compounds were isolated from the n-hexane, dichloromethane, and water extracts of the whole plants of Lagopsis supina by using various chromatographic methods. Their structures were identified as phytol(1), daucosterol(2), 8-O-acetylharpagide(3), antirrinoside(4), ajugoside(5), ajugol(6), harpagide(7), 1-O-caffeoyl-??-D-glucopyranose(8), 1-O-coumaroyl-??-D-glucopyranose(9), 2-hydroxy-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl-1-O-??-D-glucopyranoside(10), methyl 2-O-??-D-glucopyranosylbenzoate(11), adenosine(12), and sucrose(13), respectively. CONCLUSION Compounds 1 and 3-13 are isolated from the plants of Lagopsis genus for the first time.