高压氧联合舒马普坦治疗偏头痛疗效分析

目的探讨高压氧联合舒马普坦治疗偏头痛的疗效。方法90例偏头痛患者随机分为高压氧组、舒马普坦组和联合治疗组，每组30例，对比分析各组间的有效率和2h止痛率。结果有效率：联合组（97％）高于高压氧组（77％）和舒马普坦组（80％），差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；2h止痛率：联合组（100％）、高压氧组（93％）高于舒马普坦组（73％），差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。结论高压氧联合舒马普坦是治疗偏头痛的理想方法。     

高压氧治疗联合常规疗法对脑外伤患者认知功能障碍及预后的影响

目的：探讨脑外伤患者在高压氧联合常规方法治疗下对患者的认知功能障碍及预后的影响。方法选取了2013年5月～2015年5月就诊的88例脑外伤患者,通过随机数字表将88例脑外伤患者均分为观察组和对照组各44例。对照组利用常规药物治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上利用高压氧治疗。结果两组脑外伤患者治疗后的NCSE、FIM各个项目的评分均显著的升高,与治疗前比较差异显著,具有统计学的意义（ P＜0．05）;观察组的脑外伤患者治疗有效率（97．73％）显著高于对照组（84．09％）,比较后差异显著,具有统计学的意义（P＜0．05）。结论高压氧疗法可以明显提高脑外伤患者的治疗效果,降低了致残率和后遗症,患者的预后得到明显改善,且认知功能也得到了恢复。     

中药复方制剂通心络治疗冠心病50例临床观察

目的观察中药复方制荆通心络治疗冠心病的临床疗效。方法选择100例冠心病患者随机分为治疗组和观察组,治疗组50例,在常规治疗的基础上加用通心络治疗,另50例为对照组,只用常规治疗。观察治疗前后血尿常规、血糖、血脂、肝肾功能、心电图、血压及临床症状变化及药物不良反应。结果治疗组心绞痛改善总有效率90％（其中显效率62％,有效率28％）;对照组总有效率70％,显效率22％,有效率48％。治疗组心电图恢复总有效率70％（显效率42％;有效率28％）;对照组总有效率44％（显效率30％;有效率14％）。两组组疗效差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。治疗前后肝肾功能、血尿常规均无明显变化。结论通心络治疗冠心病有显著临床疗效,不良反应轻微。     

高压氧在治疗急性脑梗死中的抗自由基作用

目的探讨高压氧治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和抗自由基作用。方法100例首次发病的急性前循环脑梗死患者，分成高压氧治疗组和常规治疗组，每组50例，高压氧治疗组在常规治疗组基础上加用高压氧治疗。治疗前和治疗后第14、28、90天进行神经功能缺损评分（NIHSS）和日常生活活动能力评分（ADL）；治疗前和治疗后第3、7天检测NO、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（E—SOD）、过氧化脂质（LPO）、过氧化氢酶（E．CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（E—GSH—PX）水平。结果与常规治疗组比较，在治疗后的第14、28、90天，高压氧治疗组NIHSS和ADL均有显著改善（P〈0．05），无严重并发症；在治疗后的第3、7天，高压氧治疗组NO、LPO等指标明显下降（P〈0．05），E—SOD、E—CAT、E—GSH—PX等指标明显上升（P〈0．05）。结论高压氧在治疗急性前循环脑梗死中具有抗自由基作用，能改善患者神经功能缺损，提高患者日常生活活动能力，是一种安全的、有效的方法。     

高压氧治疗脑外伤并视神经损伤的疗效分析

目的通过观察不同压力和吸氧方式以及不同时机的高压氧治疗对脑外伤合并间接性视神经损伤患者疗效的影响，探讨一种对视神经损伤疗效高而不良反应小的高压氧治疗方案；同时，观察高压氧干预后对病程及疗效的影响。方法回顾性总结125眼间接性视神经损伤患者资料，根据是否实施高压氧治疗分A组（常规治疗组：67眼）和B组（高压氧治疗组：58眼）。根据治疗时机不同A组又分为≤3d治疗组37眼，4～7d治疗组21眼，〉7d治疗组9眼；B组又分为≤3d治疗组25眼，4～7d治疗组23眼，〉7d治疗组10眼，观察治疗后20d内的视力变化情况。近期疗效评定以20d时的治疗效果为准。结果高压氧治疗组总有效率明显高于常规治疗组（P〈0．01）；治疗压力0．1MPa（表压）者疗效明显高于治疗压力0．15MPa者（P〈0．01）；≤3d治疗组中A、B两组总有效率差异无统计学意义．而4—7d治疗组和〉7d治疗组中B组总有效率明显高于A组（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）；在B组中，≤7d治疗组较〉7d治疗组起效快（P〈0．01）；而在A组中，治疗时机对起效快慢影响不大。结论颅脑外伤合并视力障碍者在病情相对稳定的情况下应尽量在7d内实施高压氧配合下的常规治疗，这样可以提高有效率，起效快，有可能缩短疗程；其治疗压力不宜过高，0．1MPa较0．15MPa更为适宜，给氧应短时多次法。患者常规治疗必须在7d内实施，以提高有效率；如果早期治疗（≤7d）被延误，则不能单纯的行常规治疗，应采取高压氧配合下的常规治疗。     

^89SrCl2与^153Sm-乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸治疗骨转移癌的对比研究

目的对比研究^89SrCl2和^153Sm-乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸（^153Sm-EDTMP）治疗骨转移癌疗效。方法120例骨转移患者随机分为SOSrCl2治疗组和^153Sm-EDTMP治疗组,分别为69例和51例,^89SrCl2剂量为1．11-2．22MBq／kg,^153Sm-EDTMP剂量为25．9～37．0MBq／kg,3-6月复查SPECT,对止痛效果、转移灶变化及不良反应进行比较分析。结果^89SrCl2组总有效率、显效、有效、无效分别为92．8％、69．6％、23．3％、7．2％;^153Sm-EDTMP组的总有效率、显效、有效、无效分别为94．2％、66．7％、27．5％、5．8％,两组比较的差异无统计学意义（χ^2=4．98,P〉0．05）;^89SrCl2治疗组骨转移病灶Ⅰ级（变淡,缩小或消失,无新增病灶出现）为56．5％,^153Sm-EDTMP组为54．9％,两组比较的差异无统计学意义（χ^2=4．81,P〉0．05）;骨髓抑制情况（白细胞和血小板中任一项降低）分别为40．8％和59．2％,两组比较的差异有统计学意义（r=7．45,P〈0．05）。结论^153sm-EDTMP和^89SrCl2控制乳腺癌、前列腺癌及大多数肺癌骨转移疼痛有效,可根据经济条件选择相应药物。^89SrCl2疗效持久,相对骨髓抑制较小,更安全可靠,可作为早期骨转移患者的首选药物。     

益肾强身饮治疗失眠症52例临床观察

目的观察益肾强身饮治疗失眠症的疗兢。方法将82例失眠症患者随机分为2组。治疗组52例，予益肾强身饮（肉苁蓉、黄精、黄芪、山楂、决明子等）治疗；对照组30例，予安定片治疗。结果治疗组临床治愈15例，显效14例，有效19例，总有效率为92．3％；对照组临床治愈2例，显效4例，有效14例，总有效率66．7％，2组总有效率比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。治疗后治疗组主要症状明显改善，与治疗前比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05），与对照组治疗后比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；2组比较，治疗组未见嗜睡、倦怠、药物依赖等副作用。结论益肾强身饮治疗失眠症疗效确切，并可显著改善患者主要症状，提高睡眠质量。     

高压氧治疗对176例急性脑梗死患者血浆ET-1含量的影响

目的探讨高压氧（HBO）治疗对急性脑梗死患者血浆ET-1含量及临床疗效的影响。方法急性脑梗死患者176例，分成HBO治疗组97例和常规治疗组79例，两组均给予常规治疗，HBO治疗组在发病第3天行HBO治疗，共2个疗程，分别于每个疗程结束后测定血浆ET-1含量，第2个疗程结束后行疗效评定。结果急性脑梗死病后血浆ET-1含量明显增高，HBO治疗1个疗程后血浆ET-1含量明显降低，与常规治疗组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。第2个疗程末，两组比较血浆ET-1含量差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），HBO治疗组治愈率＋显效率明显优于常规治疗组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论HBO治疗急性脑梗死可明显降低血浆ET-1含量，对急性脑梗死有较好的治疗作用。     

氨茶碱联合阿司匹林治疗高原性心脏病心力衰竭疗效观察

目的：观察氨茶碱联合阿司匹林治疗慢性高原性心脏病（HAHD）心力衰竭的疗效。方法：将HAHD心力衰竭56例随机分为观察组28例及对照组28例,对照组采用强心、利尿、扩血管等治疗、观察组在常规治疗基础上加用氨茶碱及阿司匹林治疗。结果：观察组显效率60．8％,对照组显效率28．6％,差异显著（P〈0．05）,且观察组总有效率明显高于对照组,差异非常显著（P〈0．01）。不良反应观察组明显少于对照组。结论：氨茶碱联合阿司匹林治疗HAHD心力衰竭疗效明显。     

高压氧治疗CO中毒迟发性脑病的疗效观察及护理

目的：分析高压氧治疗CO中毒迟发性脑病的疗效及护理策略。方法选取接受住院治疗的CO中毒迟发性脑病患者36例为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同随机分为观察组及对照组各18例。对照组患者接受临床常规治疗,观察组患者接受高压氧治疗,两组均给予常规护理。比较两组患者临床疗效、生活质量等指标。结果观察组有效率94．44％明显高于对照组66．67％（χ2＝4．433,P＜0．05）;躯体健康、心理健康、社会功能、物质条件等生活质量评分值均高于对照组（ t＝4．768,6．258,5．167,3．243, P＜0．05）。结论 CO中毒迟发性脑病患者接受高压氧治疗及针对性护理后,治疗效果及生活质量均获得提升。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.