Congenital Coxa Vara and Perthes' Disease

Mechanical properties of fractured and intact femora have been studied in young and adult, male rats. A standardized, closed, mid-diaphyseal fracture was produced in the left femur, the right femur serving as control. The fracture was left to heal without immobilization. At various intervals, both fractured and intact femora were loaded in torsion until failure.

The fractured femora regained the mechanical properties of the contralateral, intact bones after about 4 weeks in young and after about 12 weeks in adult rats. For intact bones, both the ultimate torsional moment (strength) and the torsional stiffness increased with age of the animals, whereas the ultimate torsional angle remained unchanged. For bone as a material, however, the ultimate torsional stress (strength) and the modulus of rigidity (stiffness) increased with age only in young rats, being almost constant in the adult animals.

The various biomechanical parameters of the healing fractures did not reach those of the contralateral, intact bones simultaneously. The torsional moment required to twist a healing femoral fracture 20 degrees (0.35 radians), a deformation close to what an intact femur can resist, proved to be a functional and simple measure of the degree of fracture repair in rats.     

Distal Transfer of the Greater Trochanter in Coxa Vara

Seven patients (nine hips) who suffered from coxa vara were treated by distal transfer of the greater trochanter. the operation eliminated or markedly diminished the preoperative Trendelenburg sign, thus improving gait. in three patients (four hips) operated upon at the ages of 9 and 12 years, the initial coxa vara was converted into an almost normal valgus femoral neck. There was one poor result due to technical failure.     

近端股骨骨折畸形愈合后髋内翻畸形的矫治

目的 :探讨股骨近端骨折畸形愈合后髋内翻的治疗。方法 :通过对 1 3例股骨近端骨折后畸形愈合髋内翻的患者实行股骨旋转外翻截骨内固定术。术前颈干角范围为 80°～ 1 0 0°,平均 92 .3° ;前倾角范围在 - 30°～ 1 5° ,平均 - 5°,前倾角 <0°为 7例 ,0°～ 1 0°为 3例 ,1 0°～ 1 5°为 3例 ;双下肢不等长为 1 0例 ,下肢短缩范围为 0 .6～ 6cm ,平均为 1 .8cm ;短缩 <2 .5cm为 7例 ,短缩 >2 .5cm为 3例。所有患者术后随访 1 .5～ 6年 ,比较术前术后的X线片。结果 :矫形后颈干角 >1 1 0°为 1 1例 ,平均为 1 2 4°;前倾角 1 0°～ 1 5°为 9例 ,0°～ 1 0°为 4例 ,平均 8°;术后下肢短缩畸形得到不同程度的改善 ,双下肢不等长为 4例 ,平均短缩为 1 .2cm ,其中短缩 0 .6～ 2 .5cm为 3例 ,短缩 >2 .5cm为 1例。结论 :近端股骨骨折畸形愈合的髋内翻伴旋转和短缩畸形的患者 ,根据具体情况予以矫正内翻、旋转和短缩畸形 ,取得了满意的疗效。     

Trochantoplasty for Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Coxa Vara Deformity

Background

In total hip arthroplasty (THA) of hips with coxa vara, the femoral stems might be inserted in a varus alignment. To avoid varus insertion, we designed a technique, which we termed “trochantoplasty.” In this procedure, the medial half of the greater trochanter was removed during THA.

股骨转子间杵臼状外展截骨术治疗儿童髋内翻

本文报告采用股骨转子间杵臼状外展截骨术治疗儿童髋内翻１０例（１４髋）。年龄为６～１２岁。截骨处均在８周愈合。８例（１２髋）随访３～１０年（平均４年２月），均取得满意疗效。作者认为，本术式方法简单，截骨处接触面大，截骨后稳定，愈合快，畸形矫正满意，疗效好。对股骨颈干角小于１１０°者均可采用本法矫正，较大儿童颈干角应矫正至１３５°～１４５°。截骨后应以钢板螺丝钉内固定，并用髋人字石膏固定６～８周。