血管紧张素Ⅱ对老年大鼠肾小球和肾小管的效应

目的 探讨外源性血管紧张素Ⅱ（Ang-Ⅱ)对老年大鼠（19－22月龄）皮层肾小球和肾小管的效应。方法 利用活体微穿刺技术。结果 在基础状态下,老年大鼠比年龄大鼠（4－5月龄）肾小球血压（PGC)高。在注射外源性Ang-Ⅱ时,老年大鼠和年轻大鼠都出现显著血压高和肾血管收缩。对年轻大鼠,不改变肾小球滤过率（GFR）和单个肾单位GFR(SNGFR);对老年大鼠GFR和SNGFR显著下降。血管紧张素在老年和年轻大鼠引起相同程度的入球和出球动脉阻力（RA、RS）和PGC。Ang-Ⅱ对老年大鼠和年轻大鼠近端小管绝对重吸收和相对重吸收均无影响。结论 在老年和年轻大鼠,入球和出球小动脉对升压剂量的血管紧张素有相同的敏感性,Ang-Ⅱ对近端小管绝对重吸收和相对重吸收的作用不受年龄影响,但是,在老年大鼠Kf对血管紧张素更敏感而导致SNGFR的显著下降。     

Seldinger法区域动脉乌司他丁灌注联合奥曲肽治疗重症急性胰腺炎患者对其Ghrelin及MIP-1α、MIP-1β水平的影响

【】目的 探讨Seldinger法区域动脉乌司他丁灌注联合奥曲肽对重症急性胰腺炎患者的临床疗效及对血清Ghrelin、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白1-α(MIP-1α)、巨噬细胞炎性蛋白-1β(MIP-1β)表达水平的影响。方法 将2014年至2017年在我院重症医学科诊治的132例重症急性胰腺炎患者按照随机数字表,纳入观察组(乌司他丁+奥曲肽)或对照组(奥曲肽),每组66例。比较两组在临床效果及临床症状改善情况的差异,同时对两组血清中C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)以及Ghrelin、MIP-1α、MIP-1β表达水平差异进行比较,并记录两组并发症发生率及病死率。结果 观察组治疗有效率80.3%(53/66)高于对照组60.6%(40/66),且在腹痛缓解时间、首次排便时间、胃肠减压时间及住院时间上均少于对照组,差异均存在统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗7天后,观察组与对照组血清中CRP、IL-6、Ghrelin、MIP-1α、MIP-1β含量均较治疗前明显下降,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);另外,观察组在急性肾功能衰竭、急性呼吸紧迫综合征、休克及病死率上(4.5%、10.6%、12.1%、1.5%)均低于对照组(21.2%、34.8%、31.8%、10.6%),差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 重症急性胰腺炎患者应用Seldinger法区域动脉乌司他丁灌注联合奥曲肽,有利于抑制Ghrelin、MIP-1α、MIP-1β表达,抑制炎症反应,从而减少不良并发症发生,提高临床治疗效果。     

The Placebo Effect

Thirty patients with diverticular disease confirmed by barium enema examination were entered into a three-month double-blind trial of two tablets of methylcellulose (Celevac) daily or two placebo tablets daily. As these tablets were indistinguishable it was possible to cross over nine of the patients and follow them for a further three-month period. The placebo effect was sufficient for 11 patients who completed the trial on placebo to show a small mean improvement. A greater mean clinical improvement was shown, however, by the 16 patients who completed the trial on methylcellulose and in those who were crossed over, most of the improvement occurred during the time the patients were on methylcellulose.     

脂质对肝呈状细胞表达前胶原Ⅰ,ⅢmRNA的影响

目的 探讨脂质（三酯酰甘油和极低密度脂蛋白）对ＨＳＣ前胶原Ⅰ、ⅢｍＲＮＡ表达的影响。方法 链霉蛋白酶和胶原酶的位灌注,Ｎｙｃｏｄｅｎｚ雷度梯度离心分离大鼠ＨＳＣ,分别用三酯酰甘油（２５ｍｇ／Ｌ）和极低密度胆蛋白（２５ｍｇ／Ｌ）共孵育１０ｄ后,提取ＨＳＣ的ＲＮＡ,用Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ杂交观察一酯酰甘油和极低密度脂蛋白对ＨＳＣ前胶原Ⅰ、Ⅲ ｍＲＮＡ表达。 三酯酰甘油和极低密度脂蛋白刺激后其胶胶     

The Pygmalion Effect:

The Pygmalion Effect examines the formation and transmission of expectancies as they influence educational outcomes. The application of these principles to treatment outcomes in alcoholism is the focus of this article.     

红细胞生成素的神经保护作用

研究表明,红细胞生成素(EPO)具有刺激造血功能以外的多种功能,对于中枢神经系统的稳定、保护、修复和形成等具有重要作用.文章综述了EPO在不同中枢神经系统疾病中的作用及其机制.     

IL—1β对鼠心肌成纤维细胞增殖和p27蛋白表面的影响

目的观察IL-1β对基础状态及精氨酸加压素（AVP）诱导心肌成纤维细胞(CFs)增殖和p27蛋白表达的影响。方法采用胰酶消化,差速贴壁法培养CFs,四氮唑盐（MTT）比色法检测细胞增殖,碘化丙啶（PI）标记细胞DNA,间接免疫组化染色标记细胞内的p27蛋白,用流式细胞分析仪（FCM）技术测定细胞周期和p27蛋白表达的阳性率。结果①1×10     

尾加压素Ⅱ的促丝裂作用

为研究体内新发现的缩血管活性肽尾加压素Ⅱ对细胞的促丝裂作用,在培养的大鼠动脉血管平滑肌细胞和气道平滑肌细胞、心肌成纤维细胞以及肾系膜细胞上,采用^3H－胸腺嘧啶掺入法,观察了尾加压素Ⅱ对细胞DNA合成影响。结果显示尾加压素Ⅱ明显促进细胞^3H－胸腺嘧啶掺入增加,并在一定浓度范围内呈剂量依赖性。但同一剂量的尾加压素Ⅱ在不同细胞产生的作用强弱不同,10^-10mol/L的尾加压素Ⅱ公对心肌成纤维细胞和气道平滑肌细胞有刺激作用,且成纤维细胞＞气道平滑肌细胞,10^-9-10^-8mol/L尾加压素Ⅱ对诸细胞的效应则为心肌成纤维细胞＞气道平滑肌细胞＞肾系膜细胞＞血管平滑肌细胞,而高浓度尾加压素Ⅱ（10^-7mol/L）对心肌成纤维细胞增殖的刺激作用明显减弱。这些结果提示尾加压素Ⅱ是一种新发现的内源性丝裂原,其促丝裂效应在疾病发生中的作用值得进一步研究。     

缬沙坦对原发性高血压患者的降压作用及肾脏保护作用

目的探讨缬沙坦对原发性高血压患者的降压作用和肾脏保护作用。方法选取2009年11月—2012年11月东莞市慢性病防治院收治的77例原发性高血压患者,随机分为观察组44例和对照组33例。观察组患者给予缬沙坦治疗,对照组患者给予依那普利治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后血压、肾功能及不良反应情况。结果两组患者治疗前1 d与治疗第4周收缩压、舒张压比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者治疗第8周收缩压与舒张压均低于对照组(P0.05);两组患者治疗第4周和治疗第8周收缩压、舒张压均较治疗前1 d降低(P0.05)。两组患者治疗前1 d血钾、肌酐、尿素氮、血β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、尿β2-MG及24 h尿蛋白定量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者治疗第8周血β2-MG、尿β2-MG及24 h尿蛋白定量均低于对照组(P0.05)。观察组中5例患者(11.4%)出现不良反应,对照组中4例患者(12.1%)出现不良反应,两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论缬沙坦不仅能有效降低原发性高血压患者的血压,还能有效保护患者肾功能。     

Effect of Obesity on Pharmacokinetics and Biologic Effect of Interferon-alpha in Hepatitis C

To examine potential adverse effects of obesityin reducing the response to interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha)in chronic hepatitis C (HCV), IFN-alpha and HCV RNAlevels in serum and the 2,5-oligoadenylatesynthetase (2-5 OAS) levels in peripheral bloodmononuclear cells (PBMC) were compared between six obeseand five nonobese patients before and after a single, 10mIU dose of IFN-alpha_2b. There were nodifferences in the mean histologic activity index between thetwo groups. The maximal IFN concentration and the areaunder the serum IFN concentration-time curve were higherin nonobese patients. These two parameters were inversely correlated with body weight andbody surface area. No differences were found in the meanreduction in HCV RNA levels between the two groupsfollowing IFN-alpha. The maximal 2-5 OAS level after treatment divided by the pretreatment 2-5OAS level (2-5 OAS response ratio) was greater in thenonobese patients, suggesting stronger biologic responseupon exposure to exogenous IFN-alpha in nonobese patients.     

Synergy Effect and Symmetry-Induced Enhancement Effect of Surface Multi-Defects on Nanohardness by Quasi-Continuum Method

The quasicontinuum method has been applied to probe the thin film with surface multi-defects, which is commonly seen in nanoimprint technique and bulk micromachining. Three unilaterally distributed multi-defect models and six bilaterally distributed multi-defect models of Pt thin film have been carried out in nanoindentation. The results show that the nanohardness gradually decreases as the number of unilaterally distributed multi-defects increases, along with the increasingly low decline rate of the nanohardness. The synergy effect of the unilaterally distributed multi-defects has been highly evidenced by the critical load revision for dislocation emission of Pt thin film, and it is predicted into a universal form with the synergy coefficient among the existing multi-defects for FCC metals. Moreover, the nanohardness obviously increases when the bilaterally distributed multi-defects form into symmetrical couple, and it could be even greater than the one with defect-free surface, due to the symmetry-induced enhancement effect on nanohardness. The symmetry-induced enhancement coefficient has been brought out and has well explained the symmetry-induced enhancement effect of bilaterally distributed multi-defects on the nanohardness by a prediction formula. Furthermore, the characteristic length of symmetric relations has been brought out to calculate the symmetry-induced enhancement coefficient and it has been effectively predicted to equal to the sum of the adjacent distance between the surface defect and the indenter, the defect depth near the indenter, and the defect width for FCC metal.