伴有关节外畸形的膝骨关节炎行全膝关节置换术的治疗体会

背景：伴有关节外畸形的膝骨关节炎临床上并不常见,手术治疗难度较大,目前术式选择关节内代偿性截骨还是关节外截骨矫形后再行膝关节置换术尚存争议。目的：探讨伴有关节外畸形的膝骨关节炎行全膝关节置换术（TKA）的方法、适应证和疗效。方法：2001年4月至2007年2月行关节外截骨的TKA或关节内截骨的TKA治疗膝骨关节炎合并关节外畸形患者8例,男1例,女7例;年龄39~72岁,平均63.9岁。7例股骨畸形由骨折畸形愈合造成,1例胫骨畸形伴弓形股骨为代谢性骨病所致。结果：全部获得随访,随访时间为7~13年,平均11年。HSS评分从术前11~48分,平均34.5分,提高至术后76~94分,平均87.0分。下肢机械轴线由术前平均内翻偏移14.6°改善至术后平均内翻偏移2.1°。未见感染,骨延迟愈合、不愈合,血栓栓塞等并发症,中远期疗效良好。结论：伴有股骨关节外畸形的膝骨关节炎治疗难度较大,采用关节外截骨结合一期或二期TKA可有效恢复下肢机械轴线,获得满意的临床效果;如果关节内截骨的TKA使用传统手术器械,术后下肢机械轴线可能恢复不良。     

股骨髁上截骨治疗中青年外翻性膝骨关节炎

目的:探讨股骨髁上外侧开放性楔形截骨治疗外翻性膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法:自2008年4月至2015年6月,对21例(23膝)符合纳入标准的外翻性膝骨关节炎患者,采取股骨外髁上开放性楔形截骨后自体髂骨植骨并股骨远端解剖钢板内固定的手术方式进行治疗。男8例(8膝),女13例(15膝),年龄30~54岁,平均41.2岁,所有患者伴有膝关节外侧间室疼痛及外翻畸形,术前通过下肢负重位全长X线测量出胫股角平均为(162.0±2.6)°。通过观察术后骨愈合时间、手术并发症,比较治疗前后膝关节炎进展情况、HSS评分及胫股角等,综合评价该手术方法治疗外翻性膝关节炎的效果。结果:所有患者术后膝关节外翻畸形得到矫正,骨愈合时间(3.9±1.5)个月,未发现明显延迟愈合或不愈合病例,无严重并发症发生。HSS膝关节总评分从术前的57.3±3.1提高到末次随访时的88.6±2.7。胫股角提高到术后的(176.0±1.4)°。结论:股骨髁上开放性楔形截骨解剖入路清晰,术中容易控制截骨量,能够有效矫正膝关节外翻畸形,同时改善膝关节功能,是治疗中青年外翻性膝骨关节炎的有效方法。     

股骨远端内侧闭合楔形截骨矫正中青年膝外翻

[目的]探讨股骨远端内侧闭合楔形截骨术结合Tomofix锁定钢板治疗中青年膝关节外翻畸形并分析临床疗效。[方法]回顾分析2009年5月~2013年6月,采用股骨远端内侧闭合楔形截骨、Tomofix锁定钢板固定治疗28例(34膝)膝关节外翻畸形患者,分别观察术前和术后KOOS(Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score)评分、主观满意指数(Satisfaction Index,SI)、股胫角度改变及膝关节活动度,综合评价该手术方法对膝关节外翻畸形的治疗效果。[结果]所有患者均获随访,随访时间(35.7±11.13)个月(24~72个月)。所有患者X线片显示截骨部位全部获得骨性愈合。与术前相比,KOSS各项评分均显著提高(P0.01),膝关节外翻畸形得到有效矫正(矫正范围:15.1°±3.7°,P0.01),主观满意指数达到(84%±9%),膝关节活动良好。[结论]股骨远端内侧闭合楔形截骨术矫正膝关节外翻畸形可取得较理想的治疗效果,值得推广应用。     

有限内固定结合骨外固定器治疗股骨下段畸形

目的：探讨内外结合固定在股骨下段畸形治疗中的优势和对术后膝关节屈伸功能的影响。方法：回顾性分析2004年6月至2009年6月治疗的股骨下段畸形患者共38例,男19例,女19例;年龄14～58岁,平均26岁;膝外翻6例,股骨下段内翻4例,内翻伴旋转畸形2例,膝反屈3例,屈膝畸形23例。均采用股骨髁上截骨钢板内固定结合组合式外固定进行治疗,治疗结束后,采用改良的Dimeglio临床评价标准进行膝关节功能评价。结果：38例均获随访,时间6～48个月,平均23个月。所有病例股骨下段畸形获满意矫正,未发生膝关节活动受限、畸形矫正不足、过度和截骨端移位、内固定松动、断裂等并发症。膝关节功能优19例,良12例,可5例,差2例。结论：股骨髁上截骨采用有限内固定结合骨外固定器治疗股骨下段畸形是一种安全有效的治疗方法,克服了单纯使用内固定或外固定的缺点,并将二者的优点相结合,有效地避免了术后膝关节屈伸功能障碍的发生,取得了良好的临床效果。     

膝关节外翻畸形的人工全膝关节置换术

目的探讨膝关节外翻畸形患者行人工全膝关节置换术(TKA)的手术方法和临床效果。方法对1996年1月至2004年8月74例87个膝关节外翻畸形TKA手术进行回顾分析。患者男11例,女63例,平均年龄63岁(26~80岁);股胫角(股骨和胫骨解剖轴线的夹角)平均为21·59°(12°~40°);应用后稳定型假体,采用髌旁内侧入路、常规截骨加单纯外侧软组织松解方法。随访检查膝关节活动度、X线外翻角度及KSS评分以评价手术效果。结果术后评价随访时间33·8个月(5个月~9年),根据膝关节活动度数及KSS评分评估关节功能情况。膝关节平均活动度为112·4°(80°~130°),KSS评分平均为81·7分(71~93分),比术前提高了59分;功能评分平均为86·3分,比术前提高了59·8分。所有膝关节在行TKA后外翻畸形基本得到矫正,随访时外翻度数(股胫角)平均为8·7°(0°~11°),较术前有明显改善。随访时1例患者有膝关节轻度不稳症状,1例术前严重髌脱位患者术后髌骨存在半脱位,其余正常。结论对于膝关节外翻畸形患者,采用髌旁内侧入路、常规截骨加单纯外侧软组织松解以及安装后稳定型假体的方法,可取得比较满意的临床效果。     

标准型股骨髁、胫骨托与高切迹胫骨聚乙烯垫组合TKA治疗严重膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内、外翻畸形

目的探讨采用标准型股骨髁、胫骨托与高切迹胫骨聚乙烯垫组合全膝关节置换术（TKA）治疗严重膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内、外翻畸形的临床疗效。方法采用标准型股骨髁、胫骨托与高切迹胫骨聚乙烯垫组合TKA治疗20例（25膝）严重膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内、外翻畸形,其中2例保留后交叉韧带,18例不保留后交叉韧带。结果本组20例术后获得平均12（5~60）个月随访。术前膝关节活动范围15°~85°,术后0°~130°。膝内、外翻畸形得到矫正。术前KSS评分（11.50±1.61）分,术后（91.35±1.23）分。结论采用标准型股骨髁、胫骨托与高切迹胫骨聚乙烯垫组合TKA治疗严重膝关节骨性关节炎并膝内、外翻畸形术中通过软组织平衡技术的应用,操作方便,假体稳定性及关节活动度好。早期临床疗效满意,远期疗效有待进一步随访观察。     

全膝关节置换术中股骨内髁滑移截骨治疗伴有关节外畸形的膝内翻

目的：探讨股骨内髁滑移截骨术（medial condyle sliding osteotomy, MCSO）在全膝关节置换术中纠正患者内翻膝关节外畸形的临床疗效。方法通过回顾性研究2013年1月至2015年12月在第三军医大学附属西南医院关节外科中心于全膝关节置换术中采用MCSO在关节内纠正股骨侧的关节外内翻畸形的12例患者,统计该组患者手术前后的股骨远端外侧力线角（mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, mLDFA）、髋-膝-踝（hip?knee?ankle, HKA）角、疼痛视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale, VAS）评分及美国膝关节协会（American Knee Society, AKS）综合评分系统中的膝评分和功能评分等,评价MCSO纠正关节外的内翻畸形的效果。结果本组患者随访6~40个月,无感染、骨折、假体松动、截骨不愈合等并发症发生。本组患者手术前后的mLDFA分别为117.4°±4.7°、91.6°±1.4°;手术前后的HKA角分别为167.2°±9.8°、179.6°±1.6°;手术前后的VAS评分分别为（6.4±1.1）分、（1.8±1.5）分;手术前后的AKS膝评分分别为（60.2±17.6）分、（92.6±9.4）分;手术前后的AKS功能评分分别为（69.4±21.3）分、（87.6±14.9）分。手术前后以上指标的差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。结论在合并关节外畸形的内翻膝的关节置换手术中,采用MCSO技术可以正确纠正内翻力线,更容易实现伸屈间隙平衡,达到满意的手术疗效。能有效避免对膝关节后内侧和内侧组织结构的过度松解,从而避免单纯依赖软组织松解而导致的屈曲位内侧间隙松弛及髌股关节对位不良等问题。     

人工全膝关节置换术中滑移截骨矫正重度外翻畸形的疗效观察

目的探讨人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)中采用内侧副韧带起点向上滑移截骨矫正重度膝外翻畸形的手术技巧及疗效。方法 2008年6月-2014年2月,收治18例(19膝)伴重度膝关节外翻畸形拟行TKA患者。男6例,女12例;年龄29~72岁,平均52.3岁。关节置换原因:骨关节炎3例(3膝),类风湿性关节炎11例(12膝),创伤性关节炎3例(3膝),先天性发育畸形伴髌骨外脱位1例(1膝)。膝关节学会评分系统(KSS)侧方稳定性评分为(6.0±5.4)分,美国特种外科医院(HSS)评分为(41.6±7.7)分。X线片测量示胫股角为(33.0±2.9)°。根据Krackow膝外翻分型标准均为Ⅱ型。置换术中采用内侧副韧带起点向上滑移截骨恢复软组织平衡,矫正外翻畸形。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。1例术后发生腓总神经麻痹,予以对症支持治疗,6个月后完全恢复。18例(19膝)均获随访,随访时间19个月~7年,平均5.7年。X线片复查示,术后6个月截骨片均骨性愈合;随访期间假体位置良好,未发现松动、下沉;末次随访时胫股角为(4.8±1.8)°,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=62.61,P=0.00)。末次随访时,HSS评分为(87.2±10.5)分,KSS侧方稳定性评分为(12.4±3.1)分,均较术前显著提高,比较差异有统计学意义(t=—33.35,P=0.00;t=—6.83,P=0.00)。结论对于伴重度膝关节外翻畸形者,TKA术中通过内侧副韧带起点向上滑移截骨可恢复软组织平衡,矫正外翻畸形,获得满意的膝关节稳定性和关节功能。     

股骨髁上截骨治疗膝外翻骨关节炎的疗效观察

目的探讨股骨髁上内侧闭合性楔形截骨结合Tomofix锁定钢板固定治疗膝外翻畸形骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2016年1至2017年12月期间西南医科大学附属医院骨关节外科收治的伴外翻畸形的膝关节骨关节炎患者24例,采取股骨髁上内侧闭合性楔形截骨结合Tomofix锁定钢板固定的手术方式进行治疗。其中男9例(9膝),女15例(15膝);年龄30~58岁,平均43.6岁。病程1~8年,平均5.6年。骨关节炎按照KellgrenLawrenee分级标准:Ⅰ级13膝,Ⅱ级9膝,Ⅲ级2膝。手术前后拍摄双下肢负重位全长X线片和患侧膝关节负重正侧位X线片,比较手术前后股骨远端外侧角、胫股角的变化。术后通过随访观察骨愈合情况、手术并发症,比较治疗前后膝关节炎进展情况、Lysholm评分、美国特种外科医院(the hospital special surgery,HSS)评分、国际膝关节文献委员会(international knee documentation committee,IKDC)评分等,综合评价该术式治疗膝外翻畸形骨关节炎的效果。结果患者术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,未发现感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成、骨不愈合或延迟愈合等并发症发生。24例患者均获随访,随访时间9~22个月,平均14.8个月。末次随访时所有患者术后膝关节外翻畸形得到矫正,患者的股骨远端外侧角由术前(78.36±2.78)°矫正至(84.72±3.64)°(P0.05),胫股角由术前(170.41±3.86)°矫正至(181.45±2.78)°(P0.05);Lysholm评分、HSS评分、IKDC评分均较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论股骨髁上内侧闭合性楔形截骨结合Tomofix锁定钢板固定的手术技术治疗膝外翻畸形骨关节炎,操作简便,可有效矫正膝关节外翻畸形,短期疗效满意,但中远期疗效有待进一步观察。     

新型槽式钢板结合股骨髁上内翻截骨术治疗膝外翻畸形

[目的]探讨股骨髁上内翻截骨术结合新型槽式钢板固定治疗膝外翻畸形的方法和有效性。[方法]自2000年10月~2005年10月之间37例43膝膝外翻患者行股骨髁上闭合楔形截骨术矫正畸形,并使用新型槽式钢板(Giebel钢板/德国Link)固定,其中男7例8膝,女30例35膝;平均年龄为31.2岁(15~70岁)。术前外侧间室有骨关节炎表现者11例13膝,Ahlback分级中Ⅰ度8例10膝,Ⅱ度3例3膝。术前、术后拍摄负重位双膝关节正侧位片及双下肢全长像,测量股骨角及股胫角并进行比较。术后平均1.5年取出内固定并进行随访,了解截骨角度的变化和骨愈合情况,并对骨关节炎患者的疼痛变化进行评价。[结果]所有患者术后膝外翻畸形得到矫正,股骨角由术前的71.7°(62°~75°)矫正到术后的82.1°(78°~85°),平均矫正10.4°(8°~21°)。术后平均随访时间为1.5年(1~2年),34例40膝在术后1年随访时截骨愈合,2例截骨端愈合不佳,经再次手术更换内固定并在截骨处植自体松质骨后获得骨性愈合,1例1膝失随访。伴骨关节炎症状患者中8例10膝术后疼痛明显减轻,3例3膝疼痛消失。[结论]使用新型槽式钢板固定的股骨髁上截骨术手术方便快捷,创伤小,固定安全有效,是一种有效治疗膝外翻畸形的方法。     

足外侧柱延长术的基础及临床研究进展

目的综述足外侧柱延长术(lateral column lengthening,LCL)的基础及临床研究进展。方法广泛查阅近年国内外LCL相关文献,并对其进行分析。结果 LCL作为治疗平足畸形的重要手术方式之一,包括两种术式——跟骨远端截骨延长术和跟骰关节撑开融合术,目前在治疗平足畸形时具体术式选择尚存在争议。结论 LCL临床广泛用于治疗平足畸形,但需要生物力学试验和大样本临床随访结果进一步验证疗效。     

单外侧腱移位治疗手指钮孔畸形的解剖及临床研究

目的介绍应用单外侧腱移位治疗手指钮孔畸形的方法和疗效。方法对14例14指钮孔畸形患者,在手指近侧指间关节侧方作弧形切口,将一侧外侧腱于关节囊水平切断,移位与损伤的中央束近端用5-0肌腱缝线做水平褥式缝合。术后掌指关节石膏托休息位固定,患指用夹板固定近侧指间关节伸直位,远侧指间关节屈曲位,4周后去除外固定进行功能锻炼。结果随访4个月～2年,平均14个月。14例患指近侧指间关节伸直受限5°～15°,平均改善30°～40°,钮孔畸形得到矫正。结论采用单外侧腱移位治疗手指钮孔畸形,操作简单,疗效可靠。     

Osteotomies for lateral compartment knee osteoarthritis

Lateral compartment osteoarthritis (LCOA) is often associated with valgus deformity of the knee. The concept of correcting the alignment by performing distal femoral varus osteotomy (DFVO) to unload the lateral compartment is well accepted and it is viewed as the preferred option for young active patients due to dissatisfaction from arthroplasty under 55 years of age or if they wish to remain active. Beyond this there is no consensus on patient selection, preoperative assessment, techniques to achieve correction, end point of correction, return to work or sports post-surgery, and survivorship of osteotomy with conversion to a total knee replacement as the end point due to heterogenous, retrospective studies. Here, we review relevant literature to help patient selection, preoperative work up, techniques, and outcomes.     

Evans跟骨外侧延长术治疗距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形

目的探讨Evans跟骨外侧延长术治疗距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形的疗效。方法2014年1月—2017年10月,采取Evans跟骨外侧延长术治疗10例(13足)距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形患者。男6例(8足),女4例(5足);年龄13~18岁,平均15.8岁。病程10~14个月,平均11.5个月。患侧跟骨外翻、前足外展、足弓低平。疼痛部位:跗骨窦4足、距跟联合5足、踝关节4足。Silverskiold试验腓肠肌腱膜紧张3例(4足),跟腱挛缩7例(9足)。术前美国矫形外科足踝协会(AOFAS)踝与后足评分为(46.54±9.08)分,行走1 km后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)为(6.54±0.88)分。术后采用AOFAS踝与后足评分、VAS评分,以及X线片测量距骨-第1跖列角(talar-first metatarsal angle,T1MT)、距舟覆盖角(talonavicular coverage angle,TCA)、距骨倾斜角(talar-horizontal angle,TH)、跟骨倾斜角(calcaneal pitch angle,CP)、跟骨外翻角(heel valgus angle,HV),评价手术疗效。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合。10例患者均获随访,随访时间12~30个月,平均18个月。末次随访时,AOFAS踝与后足评分为(90.70±6.75)分,VAS评分为(1.85±0.90)分,均较术前明显改善(t=-23.380,P=0.000;t=35.218,P=0.000)。X线片复查示截骨均达骨性愈合,愈合时间为2~4个月,平均3个月。末次随访时,T1MT、TCA、TH、HV均较术前明显降低,CP明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访期间1例(1足)疼痛缓解不明显,1例(1足)出现腓肠神经皮支损伤症状。结论对于距跟联合合并后足外翻畸形患者,Evans跟骨外侧延长术可以有效纠正畸形、缓解疼痛。     

Enlarged laminectomy and lateral mass screw fixation for multilevel cervical degenerative myelopathy associated with kyphosis

Background contextEither an anterior approach or a posterior approach, which aims to decompress the spinal cord and restore the sagittal alignment, has been adopted to treat multilevel cervical degenerative myelopathy (CDM) associated with kyphosis. However, there is controversy on the optimal surgical strategy for the treatment of multilevel CDM with kyphotic deformity because of the complications of each surgical approach.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical efficacy of enlarged laminectomy (removing the inside edge of facet joints and decompressing the nerve foramina) and lateral mass screw fixation for the treatment of multilevel CDM associated with kyphosis.Study designA retrospective radiographic and clinical study to access the efficacy of enlarged laminectomy with lateral mass screw fixation in the treatment of multilevel CDM related to kyphosis.Patient sampleA total of 43 patients (28 men and 15 women; average age, 59.6 years) with multilevel CDM correlated to kyphosis were obtained in the study.Outcome measuresAll radiological data were recorded on computer-based measurement from preoperative or postoperative X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography. All neurological parameters were accessed in each patient.MethodsAnalysis consisted of: Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, recovery rate, curvature index (CI), the expansion degree and drift-back distance of the spinal cord, axial symptom severity, and C5 root palsy. The recovery rate based on the JOA score was calculated for each patient. Cervical CI as well as the expansion degree and drift-back distance of the spinal cord was measured using MRI. Axial symptom severity was quantified by a visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical analysis was performed using paired t test with significance set at p<.05.ResultsEnlarged laminectomy was performed over a mean of 3.97 levels (range, 3–5 levels). Follow-up information was obtained at a mean of 2.8 years (range, 1.5–5 years) after surgery. Analysis of the final follow-up data showed significant differences before and after surgery in the JOA score (t=24.17, p<.001), CI improvement (t=21.89, p<.001), the anteroposterior diameter at the level of maximum compression of the spinal cord (t=9.54, p<.001), and VAS score (t=13.30, p<.001). The mean spinal cord posterior shift was 4.72±1.10 mm (range, 0–6.71 mm). X-rays confirmed that bone grafts were completely fused at a mean of 3 months after surgery. During the follow-up period, only two patients (4.7%) did not obtain complete recovery, four patients (9.3%) experienced axial symptoms; there were no C5 root palsy and instrument failures noted in this series.ConclusionEnlarged laminectomy with fixation for the management of multilevel CDM is demonstrated to be an effective strategy for improving neurological function, restoring the normal cervical lordosis, and decreasing the incidence of axial symptoms and C5 root palsy, but there is a need for randomized controlled studies with long-term follow-up to confirm and clarify these results.     

Clinical results in valgus total knee arthroplasty with the "pie crust" technique of lateral soft tissue releases

Numerous methods for creating symmetric flexion and extension gaps during knee arthroplasty in valgus knees have been proposed, and no consensus exists about the optimal technique. The "pie crust" technique for lateral soft tissue releases has been used extensively, yet few clinical results have been published. In this study, the clinical outcomes of 24 consecutive knees in 24 patients in whom this method was used in conjunction with a cemented posterior-stabilized prosthesis were evaluated. At a mean of 54 months' (range 24-69 months) follow-up, the knees were performing well with a mean Knee Society score of 97 (range 87-100) and mean range of motion of 121 degrees (range 100 degrees -145 degrees). Importantly, there were no clinical failures or cases of postoperative instability and no cases of radiographic loosening or wear.     

The most commonly altered type of Peyronie's disease deformity under oral colchicine treatment is lateral curvature that mostly shifts to the dorsal side

The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in clinical characteristics of Peyronie's disease (PD) patients under oral colchicine treatment in comparison with the initial clinical evaluation with a special emphasis on patients with altered deformity after treatment. A total of 118 patients under oral treatment with colchicine for at least 3 months in the acute phase of PD were retrospectively evaluated with combined infection and stimulation test. PD patients were followed up in four groups according to the clinical course of the deformity: improved, remained unchanged, deteriorated deformities or altered localisation of the deformity. Among 116 patients who completed the treatment, penile curvatures improved in 27.6% (n = 32), remained unchanged in 39.7% (n = 46) and deteriorated in 12.1% (n = 14) of the patients after a follow-up of 8.6 ± 3.2 (6-17) months, while localisation of the deformities changed in 20.7% (n = 24) of the patients. In this group, the initial side of the deformities were lateral, ventral, ventrolateral in 41.6% (n = 10), 29.1% (n = 7) and 8.3% (n = 2) of the patients and of hourglass and notching type (n = 4, 16.6%) respectively. Six (60%) patients with lateral, five (71.4%) with ventral curvatures completed their follow-up period with dorsal curvatures. In conclusion, lateral curvature is the most commonly altered deformity that mostly shifts to the dorsal sise of the penis after colchicine therapy.     

脊柱畸形截骨矫形的问题与思考

正目前,脊柱截骨矫形术作为一种有效的手术方式,在脊柱畸形,尤其是重度脊柱畸形的治疗中广泛应用。相比单纯的后路内固定术,截骨矫形术对矫正脊柱的畸形,重建脊柱的整体平衡具有更好的疗效。根据截骨的方式和范围,其主要包括Smith-Peterson截骨术(SmithPeterson osteotomy,SPO),经椎弓根截骨术(pedicle     

继发性唇红畸形的修复

目的 总结继发性唇红畸形的修复方法 及手术经验.方法 分析110例继发性唇红畸形患者的临床表现,再有针对性的运用六种手术方法 进行治疗,并观察其整复效果及适应证.结果 术后随访3～12个月,测评其满意度.直线缝合法15例,均感满意;梭形L形切除缝合法23例,测评22例,20例满意.交叉三角瓣修复法45例,测评42例,38例满意.双侧矩形瓣修复双侧唇裂术后畸形17例,测评17例,14例满意;去表皮唇红瓣重叠法3例,辅助其他方法 5例,均满意;真皮移植填充修复唇红凹陷畸形7例,均满意.结论 根据唇红继发畸形的具体情况,选择相应的一种或综合性手术方法 ,术中尊重手术基本原则,灵活发挥技巧,可取得良好的疗效.     

双侧“V”形唇红瓣联合口轮匝肌成形术修复双侧唇裂术后凹陷畸形

目的探讨双侧唇裂修复术后继发红唇凹陷畸形的有效矫治方法。方法本组患者26例,均为双侧唇裂一期手术后。术中,首先切除原有瘢痕,解剖分离出两侧口轮匝肌,重建连续的口轮匝肌肌环;然后在双侧红唇瓣上分别设计＂Y＂型切口,三角瓣尖端朝向中线;最后将双侧＂V＂型三角黏膜瓣向中线推进交叉缝合,重建唇珠。结果 26例患者红唇口哨畸形均得以矫正,上唇人中得以延长。所有患者术后随访3个月至2.5年,效果良好。结论在口轮匝肌重建基础上,应用＂V＂型皮瓣推进交叉成形术,是种操作简单、效果良好的修复双侧唇裂术后继发红唇凹陷畸形的方法 。