常用消毒灭菌法效果评价

目的：熟悉压力蒸汽灭菌,紫外线消毒效果实验的检测方法。方法：依据中国药典2010版标准要求,用标准消毒灭菌的检测方法对常用消毒灭菌效果进行评价。结果：指示菌杀灭率≥99.9%。结论：通过实验证明,常用的压力蒸汽灭菌和紫外线消毒的检测方法效果理想,消毒合格。     

两种蒸气灭菌器灭菌效果比较

我们从１９９５年９月～１９９９年６月对下排气压力蒸气灭菌器 (下称“下排气灭菌器”)与预真空灭菌器在日常使用情况下 ,其灭菌的效能 ,效果进行了观察与分析。１材料与方法１ １材料 :指示剂 :(１)１３２℃灭菌化学指示卡及１２１℃蒸气灭菌化学指示卡 (下称“指示卡”)。(２)嗜热脂肪杆菌牙胞菌片 ,染菌量 :５×１０５～５×１０６ｃＦｕ／片。(３)馏点温度计。(４)细菌培养。(５)３Ｍ指示胶带十字交叉贴成“米”字形Ｂ～Ｄ试验指示图。１ ２方法 :(１)每台灭菌器分上下两层 ,每层设３个测试点 ,以进气口为前 ,排气口为后 ,前后之间为中…     

混合压力灭菌法的灭菌效果验证

目的 验证蒸汽-空气混合压力灭菌法对软体包装输液灭菌的效果．建立混合压力灭菌法的验证方法。方法 通过空载热分布，满载热穿透实验来测定软包装灭菌器内不同位置的温度值来确定灭菌器内的最冷处，并通过冷点处的生物能力测定及Fo值来验证灭菌效果的可靠性。结果 空载热分布实验结果显示在空载状态下混合压力灭菌时灭菌器腔内各部温度分布基本均匀一致，满载状态下灭菌器腔内最冷点处在底层。但通过Fo值、生物能力测定结果、灭菌后输液质量及破损率表明灭菌效果符合要求。结论 蒸汽空气混合压力灭菌法完全适合于PVC等软体包装输液的灭菌要求，通过空载热分布，满载热穿透实验以及微生物能力测定等实验可对混合压力灭菌法的灭菌效果进行验证。     

干热灭菌法对中药细粉灭菌效果的试验

干热灭菌法对中药细粉的灭菌,能够解决热压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌造成药粉在干燥后出现板结面再粉碎时可能产生的二次染菌问题。     

干热灭菌法对中药细粉灭菌效果的试验

干热灭菌法对中药细粉的灭菌,能够解决热压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌造成药粉在干燥后出现板结而再粉碎时可能产生的二次染菌问题.     

干热灭菌法对中药细粉灭菌效果的试验

干热灭菌法对中药细粉的灭菌,能够解决热压蒸汽灭菌法灭菌造成药粉在干燥后出现板结而再粉碎时可能产生的二次染菌问题.     

两种不同采样法对腹腔镜器械灭菌效果分析

目的　探讨两种不同的采摘样本方法对浸泡消毒后的腹腔镜器械进行培养结果分析。方法　把 11种腹腔镜器械浸泡 2 %戊二醛 10 h后分别采取无菌棉拭子蘸肉汤后反复涂擦器械、关节及内腔 5遍 (涂擦法 )以及将器械前端关节直接浸入 10 m l的无菌肉汤试管内反复活动关节 2 0遍 (浸泡法 )。结果　直接涂擦组对 11件器械进行 30次采样 (共 330回 )培养结果均为阴性 ,肉汤浸泡采样组只有 32 4份培养结果阴性 ,6份培养结果阳性 ,阳性1.8%。结论　直接涂擦组采摘的样本其培养结果并不完全反映腹腔镜器械的整体灭菌水平     

应用STERRAD NX低温等离子灭菌机对胆道镜灭菌效果的评价

目的观察STERRAD NX低温等离子体灭菌机对胆道镜灭菌的可行性及效果评价。方法对胆道镜手术后镜子的清洗、打包、灭菌结果及胆道镜灭菌后性能进行监测。结果使用STERRAD NX低温等离子体灭菌机对胆道镜手术器械灭菌过程化学指示卡与指示胶带变色,工艺监测、生物监测、手术器械灭菌监测均阴性;灭菌后胆道镜的图像清晰、性能完好。结论采用STERRAD NX低温等离子体灭菌机灭菌胆道镜手术器械能够保证灭菌的安全性,对精密的器械损伤小、灭菌时间短,增加了使用周转,提高了手术器械的使用频率,提高了效益,可作为连台胆道镜手术首选的灭菌方法。     

普通湿热灭菌法与Fo值法在大输液灭菌中的效果分析

Fo值法用于大输液灭菌,只需将Fo值控制在8．00～8．30即可达到灭菌效果,且操作方便,实用科学,5──HMF（5甲醛康■）、热原、无菌均符合中国药典有关规定。与普通手控柜比较既节约时间,又能降低能耗,灭菌效果更稳定。     

生药干燥灭菌法与辐射灭菌法的比较

目的　探讨干燥灭菌法和辐射灭菌法对生药的灭菌效果。方法　通过对经过干燥灭菌法和辐射灭菌法灭菌的生药陈皮,以微生物限度、挥发油含量及橙皮苷含量为质量指标进行实验比较。结果　辐射灭菌法与干燥灭菌法比较,灭菌效果更好,挥发油含量更高,损失少,橙皮苷含量无明显变化。结论　辐射灭菌法对生药灭菌效果比干燥灭菌法好。     

Effects of neonatal mercuric chloride administration on growth and biochemical development of neuronal and non-neuronal tissues in the rat: comparison with methylmercury

Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) was administered at 3 dosage levels (0.5, 1, and 2.5 mg/kg s.c.) daily to newborn rats beginning at 1 day of age and continuing through weaning. HgCl2 produced a dose-dependent inhibition of body growth which was apparent only after weaning and which worsened as the animals approached adulthood; brain growth was also adversely affected, but less so than was body weight. Growth of other tissues (heart, kidney, liver) was influenced in a different manner, with initial increases over control organ weights and a subsequent decline toward normal (kidney) or to subnormal levels (heart, liver). Examination of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, an index of cellular maturation, confirmed that HgCl2 produced separable types of effects in different organ systems. Although the patterns of growth alterations caused by HgCl2 resembled those seen with methylmercury, the effects on ODC were dissimilar, suggesting that there were some differences in the underlying biochemical mechanisms. In addition to causing generalized alterations of cellular development, HgCl2 produced specific effects on catecholamine neurotransmitter systems, with increases in brain norepinephrine levels and turnover as well as elevations in synaptosomal uptake capabilities for norepinephrine. Dopamine levels and turnover were slightly reduced or unchanged, but synaptosomal uptake was still elevated. Target-specific effects were also apparent in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, where renal but not cardiac norepinephrine was elevated in the HgCl2 group. Again, some but not all of these changes can be produced by comparable exposure to methylmercury; many of the neuronal effects in animals exposed to HgCl2 were in the opposite direction from those seen with the organomercurial.     

Dietary vitamin C reduced mercury contents in the tissues of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) exposed with and without mercury

A 2 × 3 factorial design was employed to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin C (l-ascorblyl-2-monophosphate, C2MP) levels on growth and tissue mercury (Hg) accumulations in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Six experimental diets with two levels of mercuric chloride (0 or 20 mg HgCl₂/kg diet) and three levels of vitamin C (0, 100, or 200 mg C2MP/kg diet) were added to the basal diet. At the end of 6 weeks feeding trial, in presence or absence of dietary Hg, fish body weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and whole body lipid content were increased in a dose-dependent manner as dietary vitamin C level increased in the diets. Interestingly, fish fed 100 or 200 mg C2MP/kg diets showed significant interactive effects on reducing Hg content in kidney tissue. These results revealed that dietary vitamin C as 100 or 200 mg C2MP/kg diet had protective effect against Hg accumulation in juvenile olive flounder.     

A rapid method for the determination of Pb, Cu and Sn in dried tomato sauces with solid sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

In this work, lead, copper and tin were determined in tomato sauces by solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (SS-GFAAS) and the results were compared with those obtained after sample digestion. The tomato sauce samples were dried at 90 °C for 12 h and directly introduced into the graphite furnace by means of solid auto sampler. Alternatively the dried samples were digested with concentrated HNO₃ (65%) and pipetted into the graphite furnace. After the optimization of the experimental parameters, the average lead, copper and tin concentrations found by the solid sampling and digestion methods in 10 different kinds of tomato sauce samples were not significantly different at 95% confidence level. For solid sampling technique, the limits of detection (LOD) for Cu, Sn and Pb were 10.4, 3.2 and 0.4 ng/g, respectively. Whereas for digestion method, for Cu, Sn and Pb were 6.7, 2.7 and 0.3 ng/g, respectively. The proposed solid sampling technique was fast, simple, the risks of contamination and analyte loss were low.     

达克宁栓治疗100例霉菌性阴道炎的疗效观察

目的：观察达克宁栓辅助治疗霉菌性阴道炎的临床疗效,探讨其临床应用价值。方法：选取200例自愿参加调查的霉菌性阴道炎患者,按随机方式分为两组,两组患者均给予2%～4%苏打水清洗外阴＋中药煎剂熏洗外阴部,观察组（n=100）加用达克宁栓1枚（200mg）放置阴道,以7d为1个疗程,治疗1个疗程后观察两组患者的症状体征改善情况以评价治疗效果。结果：观察组临床治愈89例,显效7例,总有效率为96.0%,对照组临床痊愈51例,显效12例,治疗总有效率为63.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组（n=96）,临床痊愈或显效时间为（10.5±2.5）d,对照组（n=63）临床痊愈或显效的时间为（17.0±2.0）d,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：碳酸氢钠洗液清洗外阴、中药煎剂熏洗,加上阴道放置达克宁栓治疗霉菌性阴道炎疗效显著,可有效缓解临床症状并缩短治疗疗程,具有临床推广价值。     

Comparison of a calixarene-based ion-selective electrode with two automated analyzers for the clinical determination of sodium in blood plasma

Neutral-carrier ion-selective electrodes based on methyl p-t-butylcalix[4]aryl acetate have been prepared that are responsive to sodium ions. The miniaturized catheter-type electrodes were obtained by dip-coating their porcelain tips in a PVC membrane cocktail. Examination of the general performance of the electrodes revealed excellent characteristics in terms of Nernstian response, selectivity, stability, reproducibility and response time. The results from the indirect potentiometric assessment of a large number of plasma samples with the electrodes showed a good correlation with the results from two automated analyzers (Technicon Smac 3, Hitachi 704) and with flame photometric data. Although inconsistencies were observed in the measurement of some plasma samples, the variance seemed to be method-dependent, and the overall performance of the electrodes showed promise as an alternative to the sodium glass electrode. Some factors influencing the standard potential of the measuring cell are discussed as a source of error.     

气相色谱内标法测定丙戊酸钠片含量的不确定度评定

摘 要 目的：建立GC内标法测定丙戊酸钠片含量不确定度评定方法,确定引入测量不确定度的主要来源。方法: 对采用GC内标法测定丙戊酸钠片含量过程中引入的称样量、稀释倍数、纯度、色谱峰面积重复性等多个分量不确定度进行系统分析。结果: GC内标法测定丙戊酸钠片含量扩展不确定度为2.7%,含量范围为（96.3±2.7）% （k=2）。结论:建立的不确定度评定结果可靠,其结果有利于提高丙戊酸钠片的质量评价与控制水平。     

LEEP术联合爱宝疗治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变的研究

采用 L EEP术联合爱宝疗液对宫颈上皮内瘤变 ( CINI、CINII、CINIII及原位癌 )患者进行治疗 ,观察手术时间、出血量、及术后修复情况 ,并对其疗效进行了回顾性分析。结果显示 ,LEEP术联合爱宝疗液治疗宫颈上皮内瘤变安全有效 ,操作简单 ,止血效果好 ,值得推广。     

0.02%碘伏溶液用于深部大脓腔冲洗临床应用效果评价

目的伤口感染是外科常见病的并发症之一,为了减少术后切口感染率,我们探讨0.02%碘伏溶液用于深部大脓腔冲洗的效果。方法将100例深部大脓腔冲洗患者随机分为两组。试验组50例用0.02%碘伏溶液冲洗脓腔后,用凡士林纱布或胶片引流。对照组50例先用3%过氧化氢溶液冲洗,然后用0.9%氯化钠注射液冲洗脓腔,再用凡士林纱布或胶片引流。结果试验组有减少患者的痛苦,有效控制伤口感染,缩短治疗时间,伤口愈合快等优点。对照组因药液对肌肉组织刺激性大,容易导致患者疼痛难忍,伤口愈合慢等。结论碘伏冲洗脓腔操作方便简单、易懂,碘伏溶液刺激性小,安全性能好,患者痛苦小,伤口愈合快,效果好,药物来源容易,实用经济,深受同行肯定,能提高护理质量及工作效率,提高社会效益和经济效益,值得推广应用。     

沐舒坦、盐酸川芎嗪注射液辅助治疗老年社区获得性肺炎的效果评价

目的评价沐舒坦、盐酸川芎嗪注射液对老年社区获得性肺炎(CAP)疗效和安全性。方法将老年社区获得性肺炎106例随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组53例。治疗组沐舒坦、盐酸川芎嗪注射液辅助治疗,对照组常规治疗,比较两组患者的治疗结局、发热、咳嗽、咳痰、气喘、胸闷恢复时间、重症患者的病死率及住院时间的差异,检测治疗组患者的不良反应。结果治疗组重症患者的病死率明显低于对照组(P<0.01);治疗组患者的发热、咳嗽、咳痰、气喘、胸闷恢复时间均短于对照组(P<0.01);两组患者的住院时间明显短于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗组所有患者均未发现明显不良反应。结论沐舒坦、盐酸川芎嗪注射液辅助治疗老年社区获得性肺炎疗效可靠,安全性好,值得推广。     

丁苯酞氯化钠注射液联合奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗急性进展性脑梗死的临床研究

目的:探讨丁苯酞氯化钠注射液联合奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗急性进展性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法:对儋州市人民医院2017年6月至2019年5月收治的116例急性进展性脑梗死患者进行回顾性研究,根据治疗方式的不同分为观察组、对照组,每组58例。对照组患者采用奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗,观察组患者采用丁苯酞氯化钠注射液联合奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效,治疗前后美国国立卫生院卒中神经功能缺损评分量表(national institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数及凝血因子水平变化和不良反应发生情况的差异。结果:观察组患者的总有效率为89.66%(52/58),明显高于对照组的74.14%(43/58),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者NIHSS评分明显低于治疗前,Barthel指数明显高于治疗前;且观察组患者NIHSS评分明显低于对照组,Barthel指数明显高于对照组,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)及国际标准化比值(INR)水平均明显高于治疗前,纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平明显低于治疗前;且观察组患者APTT、PT及INR水平明显高于对照组,FIB水平明显低于对照组,上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组、对照组患者不良反应发生率[13.79%(8/58)vs.10.34%(6/58)]的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:丁苯酞氯化钠注射液联合奥扎格雷钠注射液治疗急性进展性脑梗死的临床疗效显著,可有效减轻患者神经功能受损现象,改善凝血功能。