全反式视黄酸体外处理胃癌细胞对其裸小鼠皮下移植瘤的影响

用全反式视黄酸（ＡＴＲＡ）处理３株胃癌细胞株ＭＧｃ８０３、ＢＧＣ８２３和ＳＧＣ７９０１（ＡＴＲＡ终浓度为１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）连续２０ｄ，再移植于６～８周龄的ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ裸小鼠后肢皮下，观察移植瘤生长情况，４周后处死裸小鼠，解剖肿瘤并行组织学检查。结果表明，ＡＴＲＡ体外处理胃癌细胞能延长其移植瘤的潜伏期和倍增时间，有效地抑制移植瘤的生长，抑制率分别为５１．４％、６６．０％和８８．６％，抑制作用的强弱次序与移植瘤的恶性程度正好相反。     

脑胶质细胞瘤体内侵袭性的实验研究

目的 探讨胶质瘤的体内侵袭和转移特性。方法 利用体外转染有绿色荧光蛋白（ＧＦＰ）基因的大鼠Ｃ６脑胶质瘤细胞移植模型,将携有增强型绿色荧光蛋白（ＥＧＦＰ）基因的pＥＧＦＰ－N３质粒体外转染Ｃ６细胞,筛选能稳定表达ＧＦＰ的瘤细胞克隆,并做流工细胞仪和电镜检测。将阳性转染和未转染瘤细胞以立体定向法植入ＳＤ大鼠脑实质仙,建立大鼠移植瘤模型。４周后处死大鼠并作脑连续石蜡切片,相邻切片分别行苏木素－伊红（ＨＥ）及免疫组织化学染色和荧光显微镜（激发光波长为４８８mm)检测。对移植瘤细胞行原代培养,以检测荧光基因在体内的保存情况。结果 阳性转染的Ｃ６瘤细胞的ＥＧＦＰ在大鼠脑内获得稳定表达,在荧光显微镜下较易于区分肿瘤与非肿瘤区,并能发现侵袭至远处的单个瘤细胞,其敏感性及特异性明显优于ＨＥ染色或免疫组化方法。结论 ＧＦＰ基因体外转染Ｃ6胶质瘤细胞并行大鼠脑内移植,是一种较好的研究脑胶质瘤侵袭性的体内实验模型。     

人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤株HHC15的建立

来自厦门市同安肝癌高发区１５例肝癌病人肝癌组织移植到ＳＰＦ级ＢＡＬＢ／ｃＡ裸小鼠身上，其中１例已成功地建株。移植瘤株（ＨＨＣ＿１５）生长迅速，瘤体积倍增时间约１２０ｈＨＨＣ＿１５瘤株传代稳定，潜伏期短（１７．６±１．３０，至今已传２１代。肿瘤接种成功率达９３％，病理组织学观察，移植瘤和原发瘤相似，电镜检查发现移植瘤细胞具肝癌细胞特异的超微结构——发育不全毛细胆管。无论是皮下或常位（肝内）移植瘤都和原发瘤一样，持续分泌ＡＦＰ．在移植后的３～６周内，瘤细胞分泌ＡＦＰ量与瘤体大小呈正相关。细胞学研究表明ＨＨＣ１５细胞染色体组为非整倍体，染色体众数在１１０～１３４之间。应用特异的ＨＢＶＤＮＡ片段引物和ＰＣＲ扩增方法，提示了瘤细胞基因组有ＨＢＶＤＮＡ的整合。人肝癌ＨＨＣ１５移植瘤株建立有助于厦门市同安肝癌高发区肝癌病变发生的分子生物学研究和抗癌药物的筛选。     

PA—MSHA,BCG分别联合S—180瘤苗对荷瘤小鼠治疗作用的比较

本文对比观察了ＰＡ—ＭＳＨＡ、ＢＣＧ分别联合Ｓ—１８０瘤苗对荷瘤Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠（接种１×１０７Ｓ—１８０活瘤细胞）的主动免疫治疗效果及对免疫细胞活性的影响。结果表明：ＰＡ—ＭＳＨＡ单独治疗、与瘤苗联合治疗及ＢＣＧ与瘤苗联合治疗均抑制局部移植瘤的生长（Ｐ＜０．０１），并可降低附近淋巴结转移率。免疫细胞活性测定表明：ＰＡ—ＭＳＨＡ联合瘤苗应用可显著增强小鼠腹腔ＭΦ细胞对Ｓ—１８０瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０１），并提高脾细胞自然增殖能力（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＢＣＧ联合瘤苗则增强ＭΦ的抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０１），但未见提高脾细胞的自然增殖能力（Ｐ＞０．０５）。由此可见，ＰＡ—ＭＳＨＡ较ＢＣＧ更能有效地协同瘤苗，提高肿瘤的ＡＳＩ效应。     

联合化疗对人食管癌裸鼠移植瘤株的治疗研究

目的：用抗癌药物平阳霉素（ＢＬＭＡ５）和顺氯氨铂（ＰＤＤ）对人食管腺（ＨＥＣ６）和人食管鳞癌鳞癌（ＨＥＣ２）两种裸鼠移植瘤株进行治疗的研究。方法：用同一种药物对两种不同瘤株进行治疗；用不同药物治疗同一种瘤株；用单药或联合用药的方法进行药物疗效的比较。结果：ＢＬＭＡ５在单药的情况下对ＨＥＣ６有一定的抑制作用，对ＨＥＣ２相对不明显。ＨＥＣ６和ＨＥＣ２对ＰＤＤ单药都不敏感，但ＢＬＭＡ５和ＰＤＤ联合用药时对ＨＥＣ６和ＨＥＣ２移植瘤都显示出极明显的抑制作用。且在显著抑制肿瘤生长的剂量下，对内脏无明显损害。结论：对人类食管腺鳞癌和鳞癌的治疗，ＢＬＭＡ５与ＰＤＤ联合用药优于单药治疗     

神经胶质瘤基因治疗中旁观者效应的动物试验

目的：探讨单纯疱疹病毒（ＨＳＶ）Ｉ型胸苷激酶（ＴＫ）基因逆转录病毒载体生长细胞（ｐＬＴＫｃＳＮ／ＶＰＣ）和更昔洛韦（ＧＣＶ）系统杀伤大鼠脑内神经胶质瘤细胞的旁观者效应。方法：用Ｃ６，Ｃ６ＸＳＮ，Ｃ６ＴＫ及不同比例的ＴＫ（＋）和ＴＫ（－）混合细胞接种于大鼠右侧额叶脑内，５ｄ后动物腹腔内注射ＧＣＶ溶液，剂量为１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，每日２次，共１０ｄ。细胞接种后３周，所有动物处死，测量肿瘤大小，计算各组动物的     

骨骼肌转移瘤的罕见性及骨骼肌微血管内皮细胞粘附分子意？…

目的：建立恶性肿瘤细胞经血循环向骨骼肌运行的动物模型，观察骨骼肌转移瘤罕见性现象，并进一步探讨骨骼肌微血管内皮细胞粘附分子（ＶＣＡＭ－１）的意义。方法：Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠６０只，随机分成实验组与对照组，实验组经髂动脉注入Ｗａｌｋｅｒ２５６癌肉瘤单细胞悬液（１０＾４），对照组经尾静脉注入同一瘤细胞（１０＾６），两组分别于２ｈ、１ｄ、７ｄ、１４ｄ各处死６只，余下６只自然死亡，观察比较肺内、大腿骨骼肌内肿     

不同转移特性人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤模型的建立及复制

以人肺巨细胞癌细胞纱ＰＬＡ－８０１的两个细胞克隆Ｃ株及Ｄ株，建立了ＰＬＡ－８０１Ｃ及ＰＬＡ－８０１Ｄ裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型，以人肺腺癌腺鼠植移瘤培养细胞Ａｎｉｐ９７３，复制了Ａｍｉｐ９７３裸鼠皮下移植瘤及腹水瘤模型，对其生物学特性进行了研究，这４株移植瘤模型的淋巴结及肺转移率由低高依次为ＰＬＡ－８０１Ｃ皮下瘤（０％，０％），Ａｎｉｐ９７３皮下瘤（８．６％，４．３％）Ａｎｉｐ９７３腹水瘤（１００％，１２     

CD44v6,E—Cadherin表达与CNE—2Z—F1裸鼠移植瘤转移的关系

目的 探讨ＣＤ４４ｖ６，Ｅ－Ｃａｄｈｅｒｉｎ表达与人鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤转移的关系。方法 分别将人鼻咽癌细胞克隆株Ｆ１在体外与鼠肺块共同孵育及胸内移植，然后将带瘤细胞肺块（Ⅰ组）和胸内瘤组织块（Ⅱ组）各行裸鼠皮下移植，并与瘤细胞悬液皮下移植瘤（Ⅲ组）比较，观察各组移植瘤转移特点。采用免疫组织化学技术检测各组移植瘤回复培养细胞ＣＤ４４ｖ６和Ｅ－Ｃａｄｈｅｒｉｎ表达。结果 Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组皮下移植瘤的总转移率和     

囊性听神经瘤的临床表现和影像学特点

为探讨囊性听神经瘤的临床症状、影像学特点,总结１９９３ 年７ 月～１９９９ 年７ 月收治的６ 例囊性听神经瘤。本组神经系统表现与同样大小的桥脑一小脑角（ＣＰＡ） 其他肿瘤,包括实质性听神经瘤基本相同。ＣＴ 示ＣＰＡ低密度占位;ＭＲＩＴ１ 加权相低信号,Ｔ２ 加权相高信号。肿瘤包膜环状增强。认为囊性听神经瘤的ＣＴ 表现可能导致误诊为其它的ＣＰＡ 占位性病变。当ＣＴ 显示ＣＰＡ 处较大、囊性肿瘤,特别当没有明显听力丧失和（ 或） 内听道（ＩＡＣ）的破坏时,应考虑到有囊性听神经瘤的可能     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.