Effects of dyslipoproteinemia on long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity vessels

The investigation included 120 patients who had undergone different revascularizing operations more than 10 years ago for obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity vessels. Dyslipoproteidemia was diagnosed in 88 of them. It was established that in patients with dyslipoproteidemia the symptoms of ischemia of lower extremities were developed in younger age. Within 5 years after the first revascularizing operations there appear reliable differences in the course of the disease in patients with dyslipoproteidemia and normal levels of lipids in blood. More than 90% of patients with dyslipoproteidemia in the distant period of time have symptoms of generalized atherosclerosis, and the survival is mainly predetermined by cardiac and cerebral complications of atherosclerosis. The life of dyslipoproteidemia patients operated upon is 8 years shorter than of subjects with the normal-level of lipids in blood.     

Remote results of surgical treatment of the patients with multilevel atherosclerotic damage of the main arteries of the lower extremity

The results of treatment of 131 patients, suffering multilevel atherosclerotic affection of abdominal aorta and the main arteries of the lower extremity, are adduced. Algorhythm of arterial reconstruction performance depending on the spread of the aorto-iliac and femoro-politeal segments affection, was elaborated. There were applied two methods of treatment: reconstruction of aorto-iliac segment only and simultaneous reconstruction of arteries on two levels. The differentiated approach to performance of arterial reconstruction application have permitted to achieve positive result in 80% of patients in terms of 5-year follow-up. The lower extremity was secured in 83% of them, mortality had constituted 20%.     

Perineural morphine in patients with chronic ischemic lower extremity pain: efficacy and long-term results

Purpose  To compare the efficacy, safety, and impact on daily activity of peripherally administered morphine plus a local anesthetic with that of a local anesthetic alone in patients with chronic ischemic lower extremity pain. Methods  Fifty patients with lower extremity ischemic pain due to peripheral vascular disease who had undergone surgical sympathectomy and who were not responding to systemic analgesics were included. Study treatments were bupivacaine plus morphine or bupivacaine alone administered via popliteal catheter. Each patient received both study treatments consecutively, with a washout period, in a double-blind fashion. The effects of treatments on pain severity (numerical rating scale), duration of analgesia, and daily activity were evaluated. Then, patients were asked to state which one of the treatments they preferred for the long term, during which catheter outcomes were evaluated. Results  Both treatments provided significant pain control compared to baseline at all time points, both at rest and during activity. However, the combination treatment provided superior pain control at 8 and 12 h, and longer analgesia duration (12 ± 2 h vs 9 ± 1 h; P < 0.001). During the long term, treatments were similar in terms of analgesia. The combination treatment had a higher incidence of side effects (30% vs 0%; P < 0.001). Conclusion  A peripherally administered bupivacaine plus morphine combination provided better and longer analgesia for ischemic pain compared to bupivacaine alone for the short term, but not for the long term. On the other hand, our results show that continuous popliteal treatment is an effective, safe, and comfortable modality for long-term use in the home setting for patients with intractable chronic pain.     

Arterial occlusive disease after surgical treatment of fractures of the lower extremity]

Chronic arterial occlusive disease of the lower limb may complicate fracture treatment. In five cases, diagnosis of vascular disease was established when delayed fracture healing or skin gangrene occurred some weeks after operative fracture treatment. The diagnosis of vascular disease was made from the case history, examination of the patient and repeated pulse control at the feet. Arterial insufficiency will be worsened by long-term elevation of the leg and by fracture treatment with a cast or traction. Angiography is indicated, and quick vascular reconstruction is recommended. In one patient with known iliac occlusion (Leriche syndrome) we performed simultaneous vascular reconstruction and operative fracture treatment.     

Noninvasive assessment of lower extremity arterial disease

Although angiography is the accepted "gold standard" for demonstrating the presence of arterial occlusive disease, it is less accurate for grading the associated hemodynamic consequences and is prohibitively invasive and expensive to be used as a first-line investigation. Currently available noninvasive tests allow not only for the detection of perfusion abnormalities, but for an appreciation of their severity as well as their likely location. This information is invaluable for predicting the need for revascularization, guiding the choice of reconstructive procedure, and predicting the likelihood of healing of amputation wounds and ischemic lesions. Although some obstructive lesions are easily detected, others require more in-depth testing to reveal and quantify. Consequently, a thorough understanding of available noninvasive diagnostic modalities, including both their capabilities as well as their pitfalls, is paramount to the effective practice of vascular surgery.     

The results of using cytoflavin in conservative treatment of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity vessels

Results of conservative treatment of 31 patients with PAD are presented. In 3 and 6 months after 10 everyday intravenous infusions of Cytoflavin (combination of succinic acid, inosine, nicitinamide and riboflavin) average increase of painfree walking distance among nonsmokers was 50.6% and 64.4% vs. 108.0% and 170.5% in subgroup of smokers respectively. Average increase of maximal walking distance in subgroup of nonsmoking and smoking patients was respectively 30.1% and 130.5% in three months and 37.6% and 144.8% in 6 months after Cytoflavin infusions.     

原发性下肢静脉功能不全的外科治疗

下肢静脉功能不全是血管外科中最常见的疾病,包括先天性、原发性和血栓形成后综合征。我们对2000年至2005年收治的326例原发性下肢静脉功能不全病人进行了综合性外科治疗,取得了很好的疗效。     

Long-term results of conservative treatment of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremity arteries

An analysis of long-term results of treatment of 56 patients has shown that a complex program including the intravascular photohemotherapy and a course of a modified method of plasmapheresis is the most effective method in such cases.     

Early and long-term results of conventional surgical treatment of secondary aorto-enteric fistula.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate early and late results of surgical treatment of secondary aorto-enteric fistulas (SAEFs) with prosthetic excision and extra-anatomic bypass (conventional treatment) in a single centre institution (teaching hospital). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 1990 and March 2002, 30 patients underwent conventional surgical treatment for SAEF. Data concerning these operations were collected in a dedicate database and 30-day mortality, patency and limb salvage rates were evaluated by mean of chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Clinical and ultrasonographic follow-up was performed; late results were evaluated by mean of Kaplan-Meyer curves. RESULTS: Thirty day mortality rate was 26% (8 patients). Timing and sequence of interventions (simultaneous or staged, prosthetic excision or revascularization before) had no significative influence on perioperative mortality. There were six extranatomic bypass thromboses at 30 days, but no amputation. Mean duration of follow-up was 24 months; estimated 12- and 24-month survival rates were 60 and 50%, respectively. There were better results in terms of long-term survival in patients undergone prosthetic graft excision before. Primary patency rate was 62% and limb salvage rate was 95%, both at 24 months. Two prosthetic graft reinfections occurred during follow-up (9%). Cumulative reinterventions rate during follow-up was 18%. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional surgical treatment of SAEF permitted, in our experience, satisfactory early and long terms results, with fair rates of patency and limb salvage. Surgical timing and sequence do not seem to affect early results.     

下肢静脉曲张伴原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全手术方法的探讨

目的：探讨下肢静脉曲张伴原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全的治疗方法。方法：回顾性总结1990年11月至2000年6月间治疗的下肢静脉曲张伴有深静脉瓣膜功能不全（3－4）级患者189人，245条肢体。将所有患者随机分为试验组133条肢体和对照组112条肢体，所有患者均行大隐静脉高位结扎剥脱术或大隐静脉高位结扎电凝术，试验组同行行股浅静脉戴戒术。结果：手术成功率100％，随访率为87％，随访时间为6个月至9年2个月，平均4年；两组术后的复发率均为3．3％，症状及体征有极大的改善，疗效比较差异无显著意义（P＞0．05）。结论：下肢静脉曲张伴有原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全时，单独进行浅静脉的高位结扎剥脱术即能达到满意的结果，并不一定要同时进行深静脉瓣膜的处理。     

糖尿病下肢缺血的外科治疗进展

随着我国人民生活水平的不断提高,下肢动脉硬化的发病率越来越高,尤其是糖尿病发病率的快速增长,因此所造成的糖尿病性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的发病率也越来越高。而且其处理也较单纯动脉硬化所致的下肢缺血难度大和复杂;这是因为与非糖尿病患者的血管硬化相比,糖尿病患者的动脉硬化具有以下几个特点：（1）更为常见;（2）发病年龄更小;（3）没有性别的差异;（4）多个节段发生病变;（5）病变发生在更远端（主动脉-髂动脉几乎不累及）。糖尿病下肢缺血的预后比较差。早期有效的治疗决定预后,因此我们必须重视。     

Remote results of surgical treatment of post-thrombophlebitic disease of the lower limbs]

An analysis of late results of surgery for thrombophlebitic affection is reported. 55 patients were examined in different terms (up to 7 years after reconstructive operative procedures). Favourable and satisfactory issues were gained in 44 of them Control phlebograms proved the patency of anastomosed and free grafted veins. The following operations are recommended for a wider clinical application: croos shunting, the femoral vein plasty with a free venous autograft, the construction of anastomoses between v. saphena magna and profound veins of the extremity. The need for reconstructive procedures that would be associated with the removal of pathologically changed subcutaneous veins and ligation of insufficient communicant veins of the leg and foot is emphasized.     

The surgical treatment of malleolar fractures: long-term results

The retrospective study concerns use of the AO method for the treatment of 75 ankle fractures between 1990 and 1995. After a mean follow-up of 5 years and 7 months the Cedell criteria were used for a subjective evaluation of results. Good results were obtained in 53 out of 75 patients submitted to surgery (70%), with a significant difference between uni-malleolar fractures and bi- and tri-malleolar fractures. Dorsal flexion measured an average of 24 degrees (80% of the healthy contralateral side), plantar flexion 36 degrees (90% of the healthy side). The presence of a fracture-dislocation considerably worsens prognosis because of the cartilaginous damage produced. The risk of poor results increases considerably when reduction of fracture is insufficient or absent. Post-traumatic arthrosis constitutes a common complication (25%) and it particularly affects females aged between 45 and 65 years, as a result of the presence of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Accurate reduction, fracture stabilization, sex and age constitute essential elements for satisfactory final results.     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的外科治疗

目的:探讨外科治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床经验。方法:从1995年7月～2002年7月共对292例(313条肢体)动脉硬化闭塞症病人进行外科治疗,其中20条患肢施行解剖外血管重建术,38条患肢施行了腔内外科治疗或合并开放性血管重建手术,255条患肢施行了开放性手术重建下肢血供。结果:手术成功者患肢的踝肱指数与术前比较显著增加(P<0.01),症状得到明显改善。平均随访时间3.1年(0.5～7年),解剖外重建组移植血管一期通畅率为56%,腔内外科组通畅率为78%,开放性手术组通畅率为72%。结论:病人的全身情况、动脉病变的范围和程度是选择下肢动脉硬化闭塞症外科治疗方法的主要依据,为取得较好的长期通畅率和临床效果需要重视围手术期处理和术后随访。     

Surgical technologies in the treatment of lower extremity varicose disease

Rational method of surgery for lower extremities varicosis are developed. Method consists of Babkok's extirpation of greater and minor (if it is necessary) saphenous veins with spiral device; preliminary transcutaneous-supracutaneous temporary caprone ligation of changed superficial veins, subcutaneous dissection of ligated veins with minimal blood loss. Original flexible spiral saphenoextractor, inflatable hemostatic device, phlebotoms of simple construction are used. These devices permit to simplify surgery, to decrease tissues trauma and to achieve good cosmetic effect. Recurrence over 1-8 years was seen in 145 operated patients.