MCM7和Ki-67在乳腺癌中的表达及其与新辅助化疗关系的研究

目的探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后MCM7和Ki-67蛋白的表达状况,分析其与化疗疗效的关系。方法采用免疫组化方法检测55例乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后标本中MCM7和Ki-67的表达。结果新辅助化疗有效率为76.4%。化疗前MCM7和Ki-67蛋白阳性表达均显著高于化疗后（P〈0.01）;化疗前MCM7蛋白阳性表达显著高于Ki-67（P〈0.01）。化疗有效组（42例）MCM7蛋白阳性表达显著高于无效组（13例）（P〈0.01）,而Ki-67蛋白表达差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。化疗前MCM7、Ki-67表达呈正相关（r=0.58,P〈0.01）。结论ET方案新辅助化疗有较好的疗效,可能通过抑制MCM7、Ki-67蛋白的表达阻止乳腺癌细胞的增殖。MCM7蛋白高表达者化疗更敏感,MCM7可作为临床指导乳腺癌化疗并预测化疗敏感性的分子生物学指标之一。     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗中MCM7和C-erbB-2的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后MCM7和C-erbB-2蛋白的表达状况,分析其与化疗疗效的关系.方法:采用免疫组化法检测55例乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后标本中MCM7和C-erbB-2的表达.结果:新辅助化疗有效率为76.4%.化疗前MCM7蛋白阳性表达显著高于化疗后(P<0.01),而化疗前后C-erbB-2蛋白阳性表达差异无显著性(P>0.05).化疗有效组(42例)MCM7蛋白阳性表达显著高于无效组(13例)(P<0.01),而化疗有效组C-erbB-2蛋白阳性表达显著低于无效组(P<0.01).结论:ET方案新辅助化疗有较好的疗效,可能通过抑制MCM7蛋白表达来阻止乳腺癌细胞的增殖.MCM7高表达,C-erbB-2阴性者化疗更为敏感,二者可作为临床指导乳腺癌化疗并预测化疗敏感性的分子生物学指标.     

乳腺癌新辅助化疗中MCM7和C—erbB-2的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后MCM7和C—erbB-2蛋白的表达状况,分析其与化疗疗效的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法检测55例乳腺癌新辅助化疗前后标本中MCM7和C—erbB-2的表达。结果：新辅助化疗有效率为76．4％。化疗前MCM7蛋白阳性表达显著高于化疗后（P〈0．01）,而化疗前后C—erbB-2蛋白阳性表达差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。化疗有效组（42例）MCM7蛋白阳性表达显著高于无效组（13例）（P〈0．01）,而化疗有效组C—erbB-2蛋白阳性表达显著低于无效组（P〈0．01）。结论：ET方案新辅助化疗有较好的疗效,可能通过抑制MCM7蛋白表达来阻止乳腺癌细胞的增殖。MCM7高表达,C—erbB-2阴性者化疗更为敏感,二者可作为临床指导乳腺癌化疗并预测化疗敏感性的分子生物学指标。     

BCRP和Ki-67与乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的关系

目的:探讨乳腺癌组织中乳腺癌耐药蛋白(breast cancer resistance protein,BCRP)和Ki-67的表达与新辅助化疗疗效之间的关系.方法:回顾性分析我科2012 年10月至2014年8 月收治的Ⅱ-Ⅲ期乳腺癌新辅助化疗患者65例,采用免疫组化方法检测BCRP和Ki-67的表达,分析BCRP、Ki-67的表达水平与新辅助化疗疗效的关系.结果:原发性乳腺癌组织中BCRP的阳性表达率为67.7%.BCRP的表达水平与新辅助化疗后病理组织学反应有关,组织学显著反应组(病理反应4~5级)BCRP的表达水平明显低于非显著反应组(病理反应1~3级),差异有统计学意义(x2=12.77,P=0.001).化疗前Ki-67高表达组临床缓解率明显高于低表达组(x2=17.72,P<0.00). 结论: 联合检测乳腺癌组织中BCRP和Ki-67 的表达水平对新辅助化疗疗效有一定的预测价值.     

Ki-67表达水平检测在乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效评估中的价值

目的:回顾性分析88例乳腺癌新辅助化疗前、后Ki-67在肿瘤组织的表达情况,探讨Ki-67表达与新辅助化疗疗效的关系,评价其在乳腺癌新辅助化疗中的预测作用.方法:选取2015年9月至2016年9月河北医科大学第四医院乳腺中心收治的88例Ⅱ-Ⅲ期乳腺癌患者,检测新辅助化疗前空芯针穿刺肿瘤组织及术后标本中Ki-67的表达,分析其与新辅助化疗疗效及临床相关病理因素的关系.结果:新辅助化疗的临床总有效率为59.09%(52/88),Ki-67高表达组对化疗敏感,化疗效果明显优于Ki-67低表达组(P<0.05);新辅助化疗可明显降低Ki-67的高表达率(P<0.01);新辅助化疗后Ki-67表达下降组化疗有效率显著高于其他组(P<0.05).结论:Ki-67在乳腺肿瘤组织中的表达可作为新辅助化疗疗效临床评价指标之一,预测新辅助化疗的疗效,为个体化治疗提供依据.     

乳腺癌组织p53和Ki-67表达及其与新辅助化疗关系的研究

目的:对照观察乳腺癌患者新辅助化疗前后p53和Ki-67的表达及其变化,分析与化疗疗效的关系,并探讨其发生机制.方法:对70例经ET方案(表柔比星,紫杉醇)新辅助化疗的可手术乳腺癌患者,采用IHC法分别测定化疗前后p53和Ki-67的表达情况,与化疗疗效相对照.结果:本组患者新辅助化疗后,有效率为87.1%(61/70);p53化疗前后的表达分别为40%(28/70)和39.7%(25/63),Ki-67化疗前后的表达率分别为67.1%(47/70)和23.8%(15/63);p53阳性表达,化疗有效率明显低于阴性表达,P=0.013; Ki-67阳性表达者,化疗效果明显优于阴性表达者,P=0.021; Ki-67阳性表达率经新辅助化疗后明显降低(P=0.000),p53无明显变化.结论:ET方案新辅助化疗有较好的疗效;p53和Ki-67的表达无明显相关性;新辅助化疗后Ki-67阳性表达呈下降趋势,p53无明显变化;p53阴性,Ki-67阳性表达者显示出较好的疗效;经新辅助化疗后Ki-67下降者疗效好.     

激素受体和HER-2及Ki-67预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效价值的分析

目的:探讨乳腺癌组织中雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)及Ki-67的表达状态对新辅助化疗反应的预测作用以及化疗前后其表达差异对疗效的影响。方法:免疫组织化学方法检测新辅助化疗前后118例乳腺癌组织的ER、PR、HER-2及Ki-67的表达情况,并分析其与新辅助化疗疗效的关系。结果:118例新辅助化疗乳腺癌病例中,ER-和PR-组pCR分别为26.1%和27.1%,明显高于ER+组11.1%和PR+组6.8%,P=0.003。HER-2和Ki-67的表达对新辅助化疗疗效无显著影响。新辅助化疗前ER、PR与Ki-67的表达呈明显负相关,P<0.001;新辅助化疗后Ki-67的高表达病例数显著减少,P=0.001。结论:ER-/PR-的患者对新辅助化疗更为敏感,Ki-67在化疗后发生了显著下调,提示新辅助化疗能降低肿瘤的增殖活性。ER、PR及Ki-67可以作为新辅助化疗疗效的预测指标。     

新辅助化疗对乳腺癌的组织学分级和生物学指标表达的影响

目的 探讨新辅助化疗对乳腺癌的组织学分级和生物学指标表达的影响.方法 67例接受新辅助化疗的原发性乳腺癌女性患者在化疗前均有核芯针活检结果作为组织学诊断依据,化疗后效果的组织学评估参照日本乳腺癌学会制定的判定标准,分为无效(G1)、轻度有效(G2)、中度有效(G3)、显著有效(G4)和完全有效(G5)5级.采用免疫组化EnVision法对化疗前后的肿瘤组织进行染色,比较化疗前后雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)、人表皮生长因子受体2(Her-2)和Ki-67的表达变化.结果 全组67例患者化疗效果的组织学评估结果显示,G1、G2、G3、G4和G5的患者分别为5例(7.5%)、19例(28.4%)、20例(29.9%)、17例(25.4%)和6例(9.0%).全组有49例患者在化疗前后具有ER、PR、Her-2和Ki-67表达情况的评估结果.化疗后PR阳性率为71.4%,与化疗前(91.8%)相比,差异有统计学意义(P=0.021);而化疗前后ER和Her-2的表达保持稳定.14例浸润性导管癌患者在新辅助化疗后组织学分级发生变化,其中降1级者12例,占85.7%.新辅助化疗后,组织学分级有变化者在G1、G2、G3和G4组中所占的比例分别为0、5.9%、41.2%和54.5%(P=0.013).Ki-67的平均表达率从化疗前的28.3%下降到化疗后的11.0%(P=0.011).化疗后Ki-67的表达率下降＞10%、＞20%、＞30%、＞40%和＞50%者在G1和G2组、G3组、G4和G5组中所占的比例均呈增加趋势,且差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 新辅助化疗后,乳腺癌组织的PR表达显著降低,而ER和Her-2的表达保持稳定;乳腺癌组织的组织学分级和Ki-67的表达也降低,并且好的化疗效果与组织学分级和Ki-67的表达降低相关.     

Bmi-1、Ki-67在黑色素瘤中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨Bmi-1、Ki-67蛋白在黑色素瘤(MM)中表达及其意义.方法:采用SP免疫组化法分别检测35例黑色素瘤和14例皮内痣组织石蜡切片中Bmi-1、Ki-67蛋白的表达情况,并对Bmi-1、Ki-67行相关性分析.结果:在黑色素瘤中,Bmi-1蛋白阳性表达率与皮内痣相似(P ＞0.05),但中高阳性表达率明显高于皮内痣组(P＜0.05);Ki-67蛋白阳性及中高阳性的表达率均较皮内痣组明显增强(P＜0.01);Bmi-1蛋白中高阳性表达与病理分级密切相关(P＜0.05);Ki-67蛋白中高阳性表达与患者有无淋巴结转移密切相关(P＜0.05);Ki-67与Bmi-1的表达呈正相关(P＜0.01).结论:Bmi-1、Ki-67蛋白表达与黑色素瘤的发生及预后关系密切,可作为评估患者肿瘤性质及预后的参考指标.     

新辅助化疗对乳腺癌患者ER、PR、C-erbB-2、Ki-67表达的影响

背景与目的:新辅助化疗在提高保乳及可手术率,评价化疗敏感性,消除全身微转移灶等方面有其突出的优越性,在局部晚期乳腺癌的治疗中已被越来越广泛的应用.肿瘤组织中ER、PR、C-erbB-2、Ki-67的表达状态对于治疗方式的选择及治疗效果的预测有重要的意义.本研究探讨新辅助化疗对乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、C-erbB-2、Ki-67表达的影响有助于乳腺癌治疗的选择及预后.方法:通过免疫组化Envision法分别检测40例Ⅱ/Ⅲ期的乳腺癌病例在化疗前后乳腺癌组织中ER、PR、C-erbB-2、Ki-67的表达.术前采用空心针穿刺活检予以病理确诊并行ER、PR、C-erbB-2、Ki-67的测定.化疗方法统一采用CEF方案[氟尿嘧啶(5-FU),500 mg/m2,表柔比星(Epi-ADM)75 ms/m2,环磷酰胺(CTX)500 mg/m2],经过2个疗程的化疗,再行乳腺癌改良根治术,比较化疗前后以上各指标表达的变化.新辅助化疗的临床疗效通过体检和乳腺B超测量肿瘤的最大直径,按WHO判定的统一标准来评价.结果:40例Ⅱ/Ⅲ期乳腺癌患者经2个周期的新辅助化疗后,29例(72.5%)获得了PR,无完全缓解病例,无进展病例.化疗前后ER、PR和C-erbB-2的表达均无显著变化(P＞0.05);40例患者中ER发生变化为3例,PR为5例,C-erbB-2为5例;化疗后27例Ki-67由高表达变为低表达(P＜0.01).结论:新辅助化疗(NAC)可能部分通过抑制Ki-67的表达来抑制乳腺癌的增值,但对ER、PR、C-erbB-2的表达化疗前后无显著差异.     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

Fruit and vegetables and cancer risk

The possibility that fruit and vegetables may help to reduce the risk of cancer has been studied for over 30 years, but no protective effects have been firmly established. For cancers of the upper gastrointestinal tract, epidemiological studies have generally observed that people with a relatively high intake of fruit and vegetables have a moderately reduced risk, but these observations must be interpreted cautiously because of potential confounding by smoking and alcohol. For lung cancer, recent large prospective analyses with detailed adjustment for smoking have not shown a convincing association between fruit and vegetable intake and reduced risk. For other common cancers, including colorectal, breast and prostate cancer, epidemiological studies suggest little or no association between total fruit and vegetable consumption and risk. It is still possible that there are benefits to be identified: there could be benefits in populations with low average intakes of fruit and vegetables, such that those eating moderate amounts have a lower cancer risk than those eating very low amounts, and there could also be effects of particular nutrients in certain fruits and vegetables, as fruit and vegetables have very varied composition. Nutritional principles indicate that healthy diets should include at least moderate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but the available data suggest that general increases in fruit and vegetable intake would not have much effect on cancer rates, at least in well-nourished populations. Current advice in relation to diet and cancer should include the recommendation to consume adequate amounts of fruit and vegetables, but should put most emphasis on the well-established adverse effects of obesity and high alcohol intakes.     

New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials.