HLA antigens A, B, C and DR in hay-fever families of similar environmental conditions

Investigation of 98 members (healthy and affected) belonging to 17 hay-fever families, for clinical picture, total and specific IgE and HLA A, B, C and DR is presented. There was no significant correlation between hay-fever, total or specific IgE and a certain HLA antigen or haplotype. There was, however, an association between hay-fever and same haplotype within 4 of the 17 families.     

HLA antigens in Asian Indians: HLA-D-DR relationships

Fifty-nine Asian Indians were typed for HLA-A, B, D, and DR antigens. Peculiar to the population that we have tested was the absence of HLA-A25, B13, B14, DR1, DW1, LD13 (a DR1-associated HLA-D allele), and LD12 (a DR4-associated HLA-D allele). Certain haplotypes that exhibit high frequencies in Caucasians (such as A2-BW50, AW24-B18, B8-DR3, BW44-DR7, B18-DR5) or in Blacks (such as A29-B7) also show significant delta in Asian Indians. The HLA-D-DR associations previously described in European and North American Causcasians were also found in Asian Indians. Additionally, however, Asian Indians exhibited two new HLA-D antigens, one associated with DR5 and the other with DRw6. The genetic distance between Asian Indians and Caucasians, Blacks, or Mongoloids is of the same order of magnitude.     

HLA antigens in Tlingit Indians with rheumatoid arthritis

HLA-DR4 has been described in association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in multiple populations. We have studied HLA antigens in Alaskan Tlingit Indians. HLA-DR4 was decreased in the RA group (n = 32) compared with controls (n = 62) (6% vs 21% p = 0.07). The predominant DR4 allele observed was DRB1*0403 (Dw13.1). The most striking observation in these studies was a marked predominance of the DRB1*1402 allele encoding Dw16 (DRw14). This allele was present in 91% of RA cases, but was also highly prevalent in controls (80%, OR = 2.4 p = 0.20). DRB1*1402 only was observed in 47% of cases and 31% of controls. The DRB3*0101 (DRw52), and the DQA*0501 and DQB*0301 alleles encoding a subset of DQw3 were associated with DRB1*1402 in cases and in controls. HLA-Bw62 was increased in RA cases (28%) compared with controls (8%) (OR = 4.5, p = 0.01, corrected p = ns).     

强直性脊椎炎病人HLA B27等位基因与HLA A、B 抗原关系分析

目的　调查强直性脊椎炎（ Ａ Ｓ） 病人中 Ｂ２７ 等位基因与其它 Ｈ Ｌ Ａ Ａ、 Ｂ 抗原之间的关系,为 Ａ Ｓ 与 Ｂ２７ 关联机理提供线索。方法　 Ｈ Ｌ Ａ Ａ、 Ｂ 抗原分型采用 Ｎ Ｉ Ｈ 标准微量淋巴细胞毒方法, Ｂ２７ 等位基因的检测采用聚合酶链反应／ 顺序特异的寡核苷酸探针方法。对上海地区６８ 例 Ａ Ｓ 病人和３１８ 例正常对照进行调查。结果　 Ａ Ｓ 病人根据其所检定的 Ｂ２７ 等位基因主要可分为 Ｂ２７０４和 Ｂ２７０５ 二大组, Ｈ Ｌ Ａ Ａ１１ 的频率在 Ｂ２７０４ Ａ Ｓ 组要比正常对照组显著增高（ Ｐ＝ ００００ ９８ , Ｐｃ＜ ０ ．０１） ,在 Ｂ２７０５ Ａ Ｓ 组则比正常对照组稍低（ Ｐ＞ ０ ．０５） , Ｂ２７０４ 与 Ｂ２７０５ Ａ Ｓ 组之间差异也有统计学意义（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。结论　上海地区携带 Ｂ２７０４ 的 Ａ Ｓ病人与 Ｈ Ｌ Ａ Ａ１１ 抗原相关,提示 Ｂ２７０４ 与 Ｂ２７０５ 在 Ａ Ｓ 发病中的具体作用可能有所差异,或 Ｂ２７０４ 与 Ａ１１ 之间存在连锁不平衡。     

HLA A*02 allele frequencies and B haplotype associations in Western Indians

The population of Western India is described as Australoid or Proto-Australoid elements with admixture from Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Aryan races. We investigated the frequencies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A*02 alleles and their B* allele haplotype associations among 664 healthy unrelated Western Indians. Fifty-one of 204 serologically typed A2 individuals were analyzed for 56 molecular A*02 subtypes using high resolution polymerase chain reaction-reverse line strip-sequence-specific oligonucleotide hybridization (PCR-RLS-SSOP). A total of seven different A*02 alleles were identified, A*02011 (16%), A*0203 (16%), A*0205 (2%), A*0206 (2%), A*0211 (52.9%), A*0222 (4%), and A*0236 (8%). The most common HLA B allele associated with A*02 was B*40. Among the 42 subtypes HLA B*4006 (37.22%) was the most frequent subtype. HLA A*0211 was highly frequent in this population, A*0206 and A*0203 are common alleles observed among Asian populations, whereas A*0205 occurs in Caucasians and Africans and A*0222 has been observed among Hispanics. A*0236 has been observed among the western Indians exclusively. Most of the HLA A*02 subtypes observed were associated with B*4006 haplotype, although A*0236 was with B*0702 or B*1302 among the western Indians. The prevalence of A*0211 at high frequencies, A*0222, A*0236 novel alleles along with A*02 related haplotypes, demonstrate a substantial heterogeneity, which may be a consequence of founder effect, racial admixture, or selection pressure due to environmental factors.     

HLA-A, B, C and DR antigens in immunoglobulin A deficiency

HLA-A, B, C and DR typing was performed in 21 unrelated healthy blood donors with selective IgA deficiency (< 0.02 G/l of IgA). A significant increase in HLA A1 ( P < 0.05), HLA B8 ( P < 0.01) and HLA DR3 ( P < 0.001) was found. The frequency of HLA A28 was also increased ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, HLA A28 was present in all four donors lacking DR3.     

Study of HLA alloantigens of the Navajo Indians of North America: II. HLA–A, B, C, DR and other genetic markers

This report presents the antigen frequencies for HLA-A, B, C, DR, immunoglobulin, and red blood cell systems for the Navajo Indians of North America. HLA-A-B, B-C, and B-DR haplotype frequencies and significant delta values are given. These data are compared with similar data for other American Indians and major non-Indian ethnic groups. Very restricted HLA polymorphism is unique for the Navajo as well as American Indians in general and this feature has important implications with regard to disease association and transplantation.     

Histocompatibility (HLA) antigens and diabetic microangiopathy.

To gain further insight into the genetic determinants of diabetic small vessel disease, we studied 22 HLA antigens in 110 juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent diabetics with terminal glomerulosclerosis and retinopathy, who were being prepared for kidney transplant. HLA antigens were comtemporarily determined in non-diabetic kidney transplant recipients and healthy controls. The frequency of antigens A1 and B8 were significantly higher in diabetics than in controls (P less than .02 and .011), but the frequency of BW15 was normal. The data are compatible with the concept that juvenile diabetes with microangiopathy is one of the HLA-B8 associated disorders.     

Studies on some soluble antigens of Clostridium welchii types B,C and D

The soluble antigens produced by twenty strains of Clostridium welchii Types B, C and D were investigated. The methods used were, in particular, the Ouchterlony double diffusion method in agar gels, besides the classical tests for lethal, haemolytic and enzymic factors, adapted where possible to give quantitative results.Some concentration of the culture filtrates was found necessary to demonstrate the antigens by gel diffusion, and this was effected satisfactorily only by freeze-drying. Precipitin bands, due to α-, β- and ε-toxins and their corresponding antibodies, were identified using these concentrated filtrates. Additional precipitin bands were due to antigens that have not yet been identified.All the toxins investigated appeared during the active growth phase; some, e.g. β- and δ-toxins, were found to decline rapidly with longer incubation. This decline, together with the conversion of the ε-precursor to active toxin, could be attributed to the action of the enzymes which were also present in the filtrates, and the same effect could be produced by treatment with trypsin.The antigens of the Type D strains conformed to the expected pattern. Those of the Type B and C strains, however, exhibited wide variation in distribution and quantity, and were occasionally found in combinations that fitted neither of the accepted Types.     

HLA A, B, C and DR association with insulin-dependent diabetes in Martinique

HLA-A,B,C, and DR frequencies have been determined in 34 Coloured Martinican IDDM patients to establish the HLA and IDDM associations. HLA A3, B15, B18, Cw3 and DR4 antigens associations with IDDM are confirmed by this study. We found an increase of B21 similar to that found in Asiatic Indians. As in some African Black populations and in Cape coloured people, A1, B8, and DR3 are not increased in our population. We should point out that our patients' ages of onset were low, and that some studies have found DR4 association in young patients and DR3 in older ones. The protective role of DR2 is confirmed here. B35 and Cw4 negative associations have been found. We have observed that the antigens associated with IDDM are decreased in our control population, except DR4, and that the negative associated DR/ and Cw4 antigens are increased compared to the Continental French population. This corresponds with the low IDDM incidence in Blacks and Coloured people.     

HLA-A,B,C and DR antigens in psoriasis

51 psoriasis vulgaris patients and 93 controls were tested for HLA-A,B,C and DR antigenic frequencies. Significant increases of B17, Cw6 and DR7 were documented in the patient group, as well as a decreased frequency of DR1. The significance of these findings is discussed. DR7 occurred more often together with Cw6 in psoriasis patients than in controls, which might suggest that there are at least two interacting HLA linked genes which increase the disease susceptibility and possibly one DR1 linked gene associated with resistence to the disease.     

Human lymphocyte antigens (HLA) and Graves' disease in Turkey

To evaluate the association of HLA types with Turkish patients with Graves' disease, HLA typing, clinical findings, and thyroid antibodies were correlated. The HLA types, clinical findings (ophthalmopathy and age at onset), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TRAb) and antithyroid microsomal antibodies (MAb) were analyzed. Seventy Turkish patients with Graves' disease and 306 control subjects were assessed. Serological HLA typing was performed in HLA A, B, C, DR, and DQ loci. There was a significantly increased prevalence of HLA B8, B49, DR3, DR4, and DR10 in Graves' disease. The association of Graves' disease with HLA DR3 was found to be less strong than previously described. The HLA DR4 antigen may contribute to the predisposition of Graves' disease in Turkey. The results suggest that HLA B7, B13, DR7, DQw2, and DQw3 may confer a protective effect for Graves' disease in Turkey. Patients carrying HLA B12, B18, and B44 haplotypes had a tendency to develop the disease at a later age. The difference from the other studies may be the result of the selection of the controls; in part, of the variability in serological typing reagents; and, also, of the rather weak HLA associations with the disease.This study was presented in part at the Annual Meeting of the National Endocrinology and Diabetes Association, Bursa, Turkey, May 25–28, 1992.     

HLA-A, B, C and HLA-DR antigens in extrinsic allergic alveolitis (budgerigar fancier's lung disease)

Twenty-three patients with extrinsic allergic alveolitis due to an allergy to inhaled budgerigar serum protein (budgerigar fancier's lung disease) were typed for HLA-A, B, C and HLA-DR antigens. Antigen frequencies were compared with those found in 154 healthy control subjects. No statistically significant variation in the frequency of any HLA antigen was detected. Exclusion of two patients who had concurrent coeliac disease, and subdivision of the population into those with acute and chronic disease, failed to reveal any significant association with an HLA specificity. A non-significant increase in B8-DR3 amongst the patients with acute disease was noted. Possible reasons for the apparent HLA associations previously reported by others for extrinsic allergic alveolitis are discussed.     

HLA, A, B, C, DR, C4, Bf in insulin-dependent diabetics in the Tunisian population

There is no doubt that the autoimmune process in human disease depends on genetic factors. Varying associations were noticed between HLA DR and autoimmune disorders. The frequency of HLA-A-B and DR antigens as well as the Bf and C4 allotypes have been investigated in insulinodependant diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and compared to that of healthy controls in Tunisian population. An increase of A30, DR3, DR4, BfF1, C4AQ0 and C4BQ0 and decrease of B40, DR2, DR5 and DR6 were found in diabetes when compared to the value observation controls. The strongest association was noticed with HLA, DR3 and DR4. The prospective role of DR2 and DR5 antigens were also confirmed. Examination of HLA, Bf and C4 alleles. Two supratypes associated with IDDM have been observed among the Tunisian patients.     

Detection, isolation and characterization of cell free HLA A and B antigens from human amniotic fluid

Cell-free HLA A and B antigens, paternal and maternal, have been detected in human amniotic fluids obtained from women at 16-18 weeks'gestation. Fractionation of amniotic fluid samples on sephadex showed that HLA A and B antigen activity was mainly in the 40,000 to 70,000 mol. wt. fractions. Lentil lectin sepharose 4B affinity chromatography of 30,000 to 70,000 sephadex molecular weight fraction of amniotic fluids isolated proteins which gave 2 bands, M and N, on discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc PAGE without SDS). SDS disc PAGE of the LcH bound glycoproteins recovered from amniotic fluids indicated 4 main protein bands approximately 12,900, 32,000, 52,600 and 78,500 mol. wt. Schiff's stain of the SDS gels showed that all the proteins except the 12,900 mol. wt. polypeptide contained carbohydrate.
It was suggested that the 12,900 and 32,000 mol. wt. proteins obtained on disc PAGE gels represented the 2 subunits of the HLA A and B antigen molecule, i.e., β₂,-microglobulin and the allospecific heavy chains, similar to the papain-solubilized moiety of membrane antigens. In the absence of SDS the 2 polypeptides migrate in polyacrylamide gels as l protein band M, representing the intact (undissociated) antigen molecules. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were proposed for the estimation of cell-free HLA antigens.