杂交捕获定量分型技术检测高危型人乳瘤病毒在子宫颈癌筛查中的应用

目的探讨第三代杂交捕获技术定量分型(daltonbio hybrid capture 3,DH3)检测高危型人乳状瘤病毒(human papiloma virus,HPV)在宫颈癌筛查中的应用价值。方法采用DH3和第二代杂交捕获技术(HC2)检测264例宫颈癌筛查女性宫颈脱落细胞的HPV,同时行TCT检查,TCT结果异常者(≥意义不明确的非典型鳞状细胞)行阴道镜下宫颈活检。比较两种方法检测HPV结果的一致性及检出宫颈病变情况。结果 264例女性中,HC2法检出HPV阳性者32例(12.12%)。DH3法检出HPV阳性者39例(14.77%),其中HPV16/18阳性患者14例(35.90%)。264例女性中,DH3和HC2检出HPV结果的符合率为94.32%(249/264);15例结果不一致,其中8例的检测值在临界值,排除此8例后再次统计分析,符合率为97.27%(249/256)。264例中TCT异常者10例,阴道镜下宫颈活检LSIL 1例、HSIL 2例、宫颈癌1例。DH3 HPV16/18阳性女性TCT异常及宫颈病变检出率(71.43%,10/14;21.42%,3/14)显著高于HC2 HPV阳性检出率(31.25%,10/32;9.38%,3/32)(P0.05)。结论 DH3与HC2检测高危型HPV符合率高,DH3 HPV16/18阳性宫颈病变检出率高,DH3技术可作为临床上宫颈癌初筛的有效手段。     

宫颈癌机会性筛查人群中高危型HPV感染状况及其与宫颈病变关系的研究

目的:分析宫颈癌机会性筛查人群中高危型HPV感染情况及其与宫颈病变的关系。方法:统计2015年6月至2016年11月于北京大学第三医院行宫颈癌机会性筛查人群中HPV 16型、18型及其他12种HPV亚型的阳性率,计算高危型HPV阳性转诊阴道镜人群中发生CINⅡ及以上(CINⅡ~+)的比率及CINⅡ~+人群中HPV的感染构成情况。结果:宫颈癌机会性筛查人群中,高危型HPV总阳性率为19.0%,HPV 16阳性率为5.0%,HPV 18阳性率为1.6%,其他12种HPV阳性率为15.2%。HPV 16阳性、HPV 18阳性及其他12种HPV阳性患者TCT分流检测≥ASCUS者均转诊阴道镜病理活检,其发生CINⅡ~+的比率依次为55.2%、35.5%及38.9%;发生CINⅢ及以上(CINⅢ~+)的比率依次为25.3%、7.7%及6.9%。CINⅡ~+中45.0%为其他12种HPV感染、46.3%为HPV16感染、8.7%为HPV 18感染,其余病例为HPV阴性。结论:宫颈癌机会性筛查人群中,CINⅡ~+患者HPV 18阳性所占比率较低,其他12种HPV阳性所占比率高。需对各亚型阳性率进行细致分型以协助评估发病风险。转诊阴道镜人群中,HPV 18阳性者及其他12种HPV阳性患者TCT检查为ASCUS/LSIL者发生CINⅡ~+风险相对较低,可考虑通过行分流检测以提高筛查的特异性。     

E6/E7 mRNA检测在宫颈癌高危人群HPV分流的应用

目的探讨采用E6/E7 mRNA检测方法对于CIN1及以下病变的宫颈癌高危人群HPV阳性分流的可行性。方法选择2016年1—6月山西省古交市、北京市密云县和河北省曲周县在2014年政府免费宫颈癌筛查中发现的322例诊断为宫颈上皮内病变(CIN1)及以下病变作为研究对象,进行HPV PCR分型检测,其中高危HPV阳性者再进行宫颈细胞学检查和E6/E7 mRNA检测,任一阳性者进行阴道镜检查,并对阴道镜检查可疑或异常者进行定点活检和组织病理学检查。结果 322例患者中,高危型HPV阳性检出率为34.2%(110/322),其中80例(72.7%)为单一HPV高危亚型阳性,主要感染型别前三位分别为HPV52、HPV16和HPV58。宫颈细胞学分流检出CIN2及以上病变2例(1.8%,2/110)。E6/E7 mRNA分流检出CIN2及以上病变5例,检出率为4.6%。在E6/E7 mRNA阳性患者中CIN2及以上为5例(14.3%);E6/E7 mRNA阴性患者中,CIN2及以上患者为3例(4.0%),两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.066)。结论对于HPV阳性者采用E6/E7 mRNA分流宫颈癌前病变的检出率高于细胞学分流,可应用于宫颈癌高危人群HPV阳性的分流。     

北京地区35～64岁农村妇女高危型HPV感染情况分析

目的通过采用高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)作为宫颈癌初筛方法,了解北京地区35~64岁农村妇女高危型HPV感染现状及高危型HPV作为初筛的效果。方法回顾性分析2014年10月至2015年3月北京市5个农村两癌筛查区县,年龄35~64岁农村户籍人口20 076名,以高危型HPV作为初筛进行宫颈癌筛查试点的结果,使用SPSS17.0软件对数据进行描述性分析。结果北京地区35~64岁20 076名农村妇女中,高危型HPV总感染率为7.6%(1 535/20 076),其中单一感染排前五位的高危亚型分别是HPV16型219例,占14.3%,HPV52型146例,占9.5%,HPV58型101例,占6.6%,HPV18型84例,占5.5%,HPV51型66例,占4.3%。高危型HPV混合感染率为7.6%(116/1 535),最多同时感染四种高危亚型。35~40岁、41~45岁、46~50岁、51~55岁、56~60岁、61~64岁高危型HPV检测率分别为50.0%(192/384)、38.9%(330/848)、33.0%(388/1 177)、6.3%(298/4 757)、3.4%(251/7 438)和1.4%(76/5 472)。除高危型HPV16/18感染者外,其他型感染者细胞学阳性检出率为13.0%(154/1 188);转诊阴道镜检查率为2.3%(461/20 076);阴道镜下活检组织病理学检出CIN2 27例,CIN3 39例,宫颈微小浸润癌2例,浸润癌1例,癌及癌前病变检出率为343.7/10万,宫颈癌检出率为14.9/10万,早诊率为98.6%(68/69);在宫颈高级别病变及癌中,HPV16/18亚型感染占71.0%(49/69)。结论 HPV16、52和58型是北京地区35~64岁农村妇女单一感染的主要基因亚型,高危型HPV检出率最高为35~40岁,HPV16/18感染是导致宫颈高级别病变及癌的主要亚型。用高危型HPV作为初筛方法,初筛阳性病历检出率提高,而且用高危型HPV分流后,细胞学的工作量明显减少。     

TruScreen对HPV检测阳性者分流意义的研究

目的探讨在我国农村妇女宫颈癌筛查项目中,通过TruScreen(TS)和液基细胞学(LBC)对HPV阳性人群进行进一步分流的筛查效果。方法 2018年8月～12月,对9 972例参加国家农村妇女宫颈癌筛查项目的妇女进行HPV初筛,HPV16/18阳性者进行阴道镜检查,其他12种HPV高危亚型阳性者同时进行TS和LBC检查进行分流,任一结果异常者进行阴道镜检查。通过比较TS和LBC对CIN2+和CIN3+检出率,分析两种方法对HPV检测阳性者的分流效果。结果 HPV初筛阳性率为7.54%,其中HPV16/18阳性率为2.14%,其他12种HPV高危亚型阳性率为5.41%。TS和LBC分流的异常率分别是18.74%和16.70%,两种分流策略的异常率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.770,P=0.380)。TS和LBC分流CIN2+检出率分别为2.41%和3.71%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.532,P=0.216)。TS分流和LBC分流CIN3+检出率分别为1.11%和2.23%,差异也无统计学意义(χ~2=2.034,P=0.154)。结论 TS和LBC两种分流策略对HPV阳性人群宫颈病变的检出效果无明显差异,各地区可根据自身的实际情况选择合适的分流方法。     

阴道自取样HPV宫颈癌筛查联合宫颈细胞学p16~(INK4a)蛋白检测在精准筛查中的应用

目的探讨阴道自取样人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)宫颈癌筛查模式的有效性及联合宫颈细胞学p16~(INK4a)检测的价值。方法 2018年10—11月对贵州三都水族自治县和北京市门头沟地区3 905名30～59岁女性进行阴道自取样HPV宫颈癌筛查和宫颈细胞学p16~(INK4a)蛋白检测;对14种高危型HPV和p16~(INK4a)蛋白阳性者转诊阴道镜及定位活检,分析高危型HPV和p16~(INK4a)检出宫颈高级别病变(HSIL)及联合检测的效果。结果①3 905名女性阴道自取样本的合格率为100%,14种HPV阳性率16.08%(628/3 905),其中门头沟地区HPV阳性率16.45%(334/2 031),三都水族自治县HPV阳性率15.69%(294/1 874);单一HPV感染占72.77%(457/628);前5位HPV型别依次是HPV52、HPV16、HPV 58、HPV39和HPV68。②593例阴道镜下活检患者中,检出HSIL及以上病变62例(10.46%),其中HPV阳性61例(98.39%,61/62),包括HPV16/18阳性38例(62.30%,38/61),非HPV16/18阳性23例(37.71%,23/61),不同级别病变HPV阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P 0.01);③宫颈HSIL及以上病变、LSIL和宫颈炎中p16~(INK4a)蛋白表达的阳性率分别是90.33%、37.64%和19.27%(P 0.001),其检出宫颈HSIL及以上病变的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值和准确度分别是90.33%、74.58%、98.51%和76.23%,其假阳性率(25.43%)明显低于HPV检测(80.04%)(P 0.001);HPV阳性联合p16~(INK4a)检测,在保持高敏感度(90.17%)的同时,特异度(83.46%)、准确度(84.30%)明显升高(P 0.05),假阳性率(16.55%)明显降低(P 0.05)。结论阴道自取样HPV检测宫颈癌筛查模式是可行的,可作为传统筛查模式的补充。宫颈细胞学p16~(INK4a)蛋白检测可用于对自取样HPV阳性/非HPV16/18的分流或精准筛查的方法。     

TCT联合高危HPV检测在早期宫颈癌的筛查应用研究

目的探讨液基薄层细胞学检查(TCT)联合高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测在早期宫颈癌筛查中的研究。方法选取2016年1月至2016年12月间在延安大学附属医院门诊就行妇科体检的女性5 583例,同时检测TCT及高危HPV检测,阳性者行阴道镜检查及宫颈多点活检病理检查,TCT与高危HPV阳性患者之间进行比较分析。结果在5 583例筛查样本中TCT阳性检出率TCT 16.69%(932/5 583),与组织病理学符合率87.02%;高危HPV阳性检出率17.28%(965/5 583),高于TCT阳性检出率(P0.05),与组织病理学符合率90.10%,排名在前4位高危HPV亚型为HPV-16、HPV-52、HPV-18、HPV51,TCT与HPV共同阳性与组织病理学符合率98.14%,明显高于单一TCT阳性或高危HPV阳性的符合率。结论 TCT联合高危HPV检测在早期宫颈癌筛查中的应用效果显著,可作为临床筛查宫颈癌及癌前病变的重要方法推广应用。     

HPV亚型感染的地域分布与宫颈病变的关系

目的:探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)亚型感染与宫颈病变的关系.方法:以桂北地区育龄妇女为研究对象,对门诊就诊的1086病例进行HPV分型检测和液基细胞学检查,对细胞学诊断≥ASCUS及HPV检测为阳性的病例进行阴道镜下宫颈组织活检.结果:①HPV检测阳性率为43.92%(477/1086);液基细胞学诊断≥ASCUS为31.49%(342/1086).在ASCUS、LSIL、HSIL、SCC中HPV的检出率分别为51.45%、70.27%、91.30%、100%.②细胞学诊断阳性≥LSIL(18.78%.204/1086)与组织学诊断阳性≥CIN Ⅰ(21.36%,232/1086)比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.250,P＞0.05),细胞学与组织学诊断符合率100%为SCC、80.23%为HSIL和90.98%为LSIL.组织学诊断CIN Ⅰ、CIN Ⅱ、CIN Ⅲ、SCC病变中HPV检出率以68.03%、81.67%、93.37%、100%依次递增.③1086例样本中HPV感染共检出21种亚型,低危型4种占17.19%、高危型17种占82.81%,随宫颈病变程度的增加,HPV亚型分布有所变化,低度病变组(CIN Ⅰ)以HPV16、58、18、56、11和52为常见类型;而高度病变组(CINⅡ～Ⅲ)以HPV16、58、18、56、33、52和11型为最常见.24例宫颈癌共检出6种高危亚型HPV,分别是HPV16、58、18、59、66和33型.HPV16亚型随宫颈病变级别加重感染率呈上升趋势(P＜0.0125).结论:桂北地区宫颈病变常见的HPV亚型是HPV16、58、18、56、33、52和11型,HPV16致癌性最强;HPV分型检测因其准确性高并能明确基因类型,联合液基细胞学和组织学更能有效地筛查宫颈病变细胞.为临床防治宫颈癌提供更可靠的科学依据.     

单纯HPV高危型感染者阴道镜操作策略初步探讨

目的探讨单纯HPV高危型感染者检出高级别上皮内病变及以上病变(HSIL+)的风险及阴道镜活检策略。方法前瞻性研究2017年2—12月于北京大学第一医院进行宫颈细胞学及HPV联合筛查,细胞学正常,因HPV16/18型感染或其他高危亚型持续感染而转诊阴道镜的30～50岁患者103例,进行阴道镜指示下宫颈四个象限活检及宫颈管搔刮。结果 103例患者中,病理HSIL+的检出率为24.3%(25/103)。根据阴道镜印象和HPV检测结果将患者分为6层不同风险人群,其中阴道镜印象高级别病变(high-grade lesion, HGL)伴有HPV16/18阳性的患者检出HSIL+的风险最高(78.5%,11/14),而无论HPV检测结果如何,阴道镜检查正常者HSIL+检出风险均为0。阴道镜印象HGL患者,单纯对HGL象限活检可检出50%～71.4%的HSIL+病变,如同时对低级别病变(LGL)象限活检可以增加最多7.1%,(1/14)的HSIL+检出率。阴道镜印象LGL患者,HPV16/18阳性时对LGL象限活检可以增加25.6%(10/39)的HSIL+检出率, HPV16/18阴性则增加11.5%(3/26)。对阴性象限活检不增加HSIL+检出率(0/81)。结论对单纯HPV高危型感染的患者,基于风险分层的处理模式是可行的。对阴道镜未见异常者随机活检意义不大。     

不同方法检测HPV的临床效果评价

目的 探讨宫颈癌筛查中,不同方法检测HPV的临床效果.方法 选择2011年8-11月在中日友好医院行宫颈癌筛查的妇女424例,均行宫颈脱落细胞的液基细胞学检测(LCT)、第二代杂交捕获HPV检测(HC-Ⅱ)和核酸实时荧光PCR同时对HPV16和HPV18进行分型检测(PCR12+2).检测结果分两组进行评价:HC-Ⅱ组(LCT联合HC-Ⅱ),共计424例;PCR12+2组(LCT联合PCR12+2),剔除3例脱落病例,共计421例.两组均对LCT结果在未明确诊断意义的不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASCUS)及以上和(或)高危型HPV阳性者行阴道镜活检及组织病理学检查.此外,PCR12+2组同时还对LCT阴性,但HPV 16或18阳性者行阴道镜活检及组织病理学检查.结果 (1)两组患者中,组织病理学检查结果≥宫颈上皮内瘤变Ⅱ级(CINⅡ)病变的筛查结果比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=3.35,P＞0.05).HC-Ⅱ和PCR12+2用于筛查≥CINⅡ病变的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为:77.8％,79.4％,20.4％,98.1％和96.3％,78.2％,23.2％,99.7％.(2)在PCR12+2组中,HPV16阳性34例,HPV18阳性5例(其中1例同时HPV16阳性),其他高危型HPV阳性74例,阴性309例.其中HPV16和(或)HPV18阳性比其他高危型HPV阳性导致组织病理学≥CINⅡ病变的风险更高,分别为51.3％ (20/39)和8.1％ (6/74).(3)在PCR12+2组中,HPV16阳性、HPV18阳性、其他高危型HPV阳性及HPV阴性者的致癌风险比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=93.98,P＜0.01).结论 LCT联合PCR12+2检测用于筛查宫颈癌,可以鉴别出宫颈病变≥CINⅡ风险更高的患者.     

Human papillomavirus testing improves the accuracy of colposcopy in detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

To assess the performance of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and colposcopy in detection of cervical pathology. A series of 389 women referred for colposcopy due to an abnormal Pap smear had cervical swabs analyzed for oncogenic (high-risk [HR]) HPV types using Hybrid Capture II (HC2) assay. Loop electrical excision procedure cone biopsy (88%) or colposcopic biopsy (11%) was used as the gold standard. Of the atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) smears, 48% were positive for HR HPV, as compared to 76.3% of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) smears. HR HPV was detected in 66.7% and 90% of patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1 and CIN2 (or higher), respectively. The sensitivity of the Pap smear using an ASCUS threshold in detecting high-grade CIN was 94.5% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 91-97%) and that of colposcopy 98.5% (95% CI: 95-99%). The respective specificities were 30% (95% CI: 17-28%) and 35.6% (CI: 29-42%). HC2 test had comparable sensitivity, 90% (95% CI: 85-93%), but higher specificity, 54.3% (95% CI: 47-61%). Combining HC2 test with Pap increased specificity, 66.7% and 41.3% for ASCUS and LSIL cutoff, respectively. The minor-abnormality threshold together with HC2 increased specificity of colposcopy with no changes in sensitivity. High viral load (>100 relative light unit/positive control) was associated with significant disease. HPV DNA testing improves the accuracy of colposcopy in the detection of high-grade CIN in women with ASCUS or LSIL smears.     

High-risk HPV DNA detection by Hybrid Capture II. An adjunctive test for mildly abnormal cytologic smears in women > or = 50 years of age

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing could improve the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cancer in older women (> or = 50 years old) with mildly abnormal results on conventional cytology. STUDY DESIGN: The study was based on 119 patients aged over 50 (median, 62; range, 50-78) referred for colposcopy with Pap smears reported as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) from February 1997 to September 1998. The presence of high-risk HPV DNA (including HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59 and 68) was determined with the Hybrid Capture II (Digene, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland) microplate method. Cytologic examination by Pap smear was based on the Bethesda System and, cervical biopsy was done via colposcopy. RESULTS: High-risk HPV DNA was demonstrated in 75.6% (34/45) of patients with LSIL and 52.7% (39/74) with ASCUS. Those who were HPV positive were significantly more likely to have CIN or cancer (odds ratio, 33.40; 95% confidence interval, 11.89-93.97; P < .0001). The sensitivity of HPV assay for detection of lesions more severe than CIN 2 was 100%, specificity 64.8%, positive predictive value 66.7% and negative predictive value 100%. CONCLUSION: The addition of a high-risk HPV DNA assay to cytologic examination appears to provide excellent sensitivity and negative predictive value for early detection of high grade CIN or cancer in older women with minimally abnormal Pap smears.     

Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18 in healthy women with cytologically negative Pap smear

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18 in healthy women with negative Pap smears in identifying women with underlying cervical squamous intra-epithelial (SIL) lesions. METHODS: A total of 3300 women who were attending the Gynecology OPD of Lok Nayak Hospital, one of the major government tertiary hospitals in New Delhi, were screened during a 1-year study period, and 2079 (63%) of them were found to have cytologically negative Pap smear with inflammation and the rest (37%) also had negative Pap report but without inflammation. Hundred and sixty of these sexually active women aged between 20 and 60 years were randomly selected, and were investigated by colposcopy and a guided biopsy was done wherever required. HPV types 16 and 18 DNA was detected in scraped cervical cells from all women using type-specific primers in polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The high-risk HPV (type 16 and 18) prevalence by PCR was found to be 10% (16/160). Histopathological findings were obtained in 123 women, out of which 15 had LSIL and four had HSIL. High-risk HPV types 16/18 could be detected in nine out of these 19 (47.3%) squamous intra-epithelial lesions (p < 0.00008) which includes two out of the four women (50%) having HSIL, while only seven out of 104 (6.7%) of the subjects with normal (negative) Pap reports (p = 0.03) had infection of high-risk HPV. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that about 10% of women who show a negative Pap smear, but have inflammation are positive for high-risk HPV types 16/18 and about 15% harbor squamous intra-epithelial lesions. It is suggested that high-risk HPV detection can be utilized as an adjunct to routine cytology screening programs to identify 'high risk' women who have concurrently negative Pap smears but may harbor oncogenic HPV infection and/or more likely to develop CIN lesions.     

液基薄层细胞学ASCUS发生宫颈高级别上皮内病变的高危因素分析

目的:探讨宫颈细胞学不能明确意义的非典型鳞状细胞(ASCUS)发生宫颈高级别上皮内病变(HSIL)及以上的高危因素.方法:选取2018年7月至2019年11月就诊于郑州大学人民医院妇科的1074例患者,患者宫颈液基细胞学为ASCUS、高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)阳性,且均行阴道镜检查+宫颈活检术,统计分析患者的临床资料...     

Comparison of HPV test versus conventional and automation-assisted Pap screening as potential screening tools for preventing cervical cancer

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate new techniques in primary cervical cancer screening programmes. DESIGN: Cross sectional pilot study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Helsinki University Hospital. POPULATION: Consecutive 2032 human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and Pap smear samples were taken. Histological diagnoses were obtained from 460 patients. METHODS: We compared the validity of the high risk (HR) HPV DNA detection test to automation-assisted and conventional Pap smear screening. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Specificity and sensitivity of screening methods. RESULTS: Twenty-three percent of women were HPV positive. Forty-five of 46 had high grade lesions and cancers were HR HPV DNA positive, whereas 72/93 of low grade and more severe lesions were HR HPV DNA positive. When histologically verified high grade lesions were observed, the relative sensitivity of HR Hybrid Capture 2 (HR HC2) test was 98% compared with conventional Pap smear and Papnet tests, which performed 54%versus 58%, 83%versus 86% and 93%versus 98% relative sensitivity respectively, using cytological diagnoses HSIL (high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion), LSIL (low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) or ASCUS (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) as the cutoff. The specificity of HC2 test (77-79%) was comparable with the ASCUS+ (ASCUS and more severe) cytology (68-79%), but lower when compared with LSIL+ (91-95%) or especially HSIL+ (97-99%) Pap smear results. CONCLUSION: Pap smear, as a screening test, is very different from HPV DNA detecting test HR HC 2. If cutoff LSIL or more severe lesions is used, primary Pap smear is clearly more specific than HR HC2, but markedly less sensitive. Due to high relative sensitivity of the HPV, only very few histologically confirmed high grade lesions would be detected among HPV negatives using simultaneous cytology. On the other hand, using HPV DNA test alone would lead to multifold amounts of referrals for colposcopy. A posterior Pap smear assessment among HPV positives might be helpful in increasing sensitivity and specificity of screening and defining those who need an immediate referral or treatment. We plan to incorporate primary HR HPV DNA test with posterior Pap smear reading of HPV positives into our ongoing randomised prospective multiarm trial evaluating new techniques in organised screening for cervical cancer in Finland.     

贵州省三都水族自取样HPV检测宫颈癌筛查及分流模式#br#

Objective?To explore a cervical cancer screening strategy suitable for remote minority areas in China. Methods?A total of 1 874 cases of shui minority women aged 21~65 years in Sandu were randomly sampled self-sampling HPV test, TCT test and P16 cytological immunohistochemical test. The patients with HPV positive, TCT abnormality (ASC-US) and P16+underwent colposcopy and biopsy, and squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) was detected. Results?The positive rate of HR-HPV was 15.69% in 1 874 women. HPV52 was the most common type, followed by HPV16, HPV39, HPV58 and HPV56. Among 249 patients with colposcopy biopsy, 23 cases (9.24%) were detected with HSIL or above lesions.The positive rates of p16 in HSIL and above cervical lesions, LSIL and cervicitis were 73.91%, 34.57% and 10.34% (P<0.001).The sensitivity of self-sampled HPV test to HSIL+ was 100%, and the area under ROC curve for HSIL+ detected by HPV-positive test and p16 test was 0.577 (P>0.05) and 0.774 (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion?Self-sampled HPV was highly sensitive to HSIL. Using self-sampling HPV detection as primary screening, combined with p16 staining triage, can be used as a screening strategy in remote areas of Guizhou province to improve the coverage of screening.     

Prevalence of high risk human papillomavirus types 16/18 in cytologically abnormal cervical smears in Alexandria,Egypt. A cytological and molecular study

IntroductionIn Egypt, cervical cancer ranks as the second most frequent cancer after breast cancer, among women between 15 and 44 years of age. High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 detection holds the potential to be used as a tool to detect women, at risk for consequent development of cervical cancer because of their predominance and potentially greater oncogenic nature than other high risk HPV subtypes.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV 16/18 DNA in women with abnormal cervical cytology.Subjects and methods45 cases were collected from Egyptian women seeking routine gynecologic care. Ten cytologically normal cervical smear cell samples were included in the study as a control to be tested for the presence of HPV 16/18 DNA and were collected from asymptomatic patients having cystorectocele or coming for loop insertion or removal. The 45 specimens were subjected to real-time polymerase chain reaction, using multiplex HPV 16 and 18 PCR kit.Results45 cervical smears were collected in the present study. Cytopathological examination revealed that 5 (11.1%) were ASCUS, 8 (17.8) were LSIL, 5 (11.1%) were HSIL, 1 (2.2%) was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 1 (2.2%) was adenocarcinoma and 25 (55.6%) were benign (inflammatory). 20 patients with abnormal cervical cytology and 10 controls were included in the present study. In patients with abnormal cervical cytology, 5 (25%) were ASCUS, 8 (40%) were LSIL, 5 (25%) were HSIL, and 1 (5%) was SCC and 1 (5%) was adenocarcinoma. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference between patient and control groups as regards regularity of menstruation where irregular menstruation and higher prevalence of menopausal women, abnormal vaginal bleeding, menorrhagia, vaginal infection, and abnormal cervical appearance were encountered in patients. A statistically significant higher prevalence of married women was found in the control group. There was no significant difference in the distribution of patients and control as regards HPV 16 or HPV 18 in which 20% of patients were HPV 16 positive and 10% of patients were HPV 18 positive compared with none in the control group. 6 were positive either for HPV 16 or 18, while 39 were negative. The HPV 16/18 positive patients had significantly higher age and marital duration when compared with HPV 16/18 negative group. Significantly, most of the HPV 16/18 positive patients were menopause. A significantly higher prevalence of women with cervicitis, contraceptive users and married women was in the HPV 16/18 negative group.ConclusionThe study generates epidemiological data of prevalence of HPV 16/18 in cytologically abnormal cervical smears in women seeking routine gynecologic care at the outpatient clinics of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at El Shatby University. High-risk HPV DNA testing by PCR of cervical samples diagnosed according to the Bethesda 2001 guidelines may benefit the management of patients with abnormal cervical smears, especially among women aged 46 years and older, in menopausal women and in women complaining of PMB. Therefore, HPV DNA testing should be made use of as an adjunct to cervical smears.     

The distribution and differential risks of human papillomavirus genotypes in cervical preinvasive lesions: a Taiwan Cooperative Oncologic Group Study

To clarify the distribution and relative risk of different human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in cervical preinvasive lesions, 1246 women with abnormal Papanicolaou smear including atypical squamous cell of unknown significance (ASCUS), atypical glandular cell of unknown significance (AGUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) were enrolled in a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Colposcopy and HPV tests with hybrid capture 2 and polymerase chain reaction-reverse line blot were performed. The prevalences of HPV in ASCUS/AGUS-negative histology, ASCUS/AGUS, LSIL, HSIL, and invasive cancer were 33.8%, 38.3%, 74.9%, 84.3% and 100%, respectively, with an overall positive rate of 68.8%. The most common HPV types were HPV 16 (18.5%), 52 (16.5%), 58 (13.2%), 33, 51, 53, 18, 39, 59, 66, MM8, and 31. In comparing the relative risk of HPV infection in different disease status, LSIL and HSIL/carcinoma had a 4.64 (95% CI: 2.98-7.24) and 10.53 (95% CI: 6.69-16.58) folds of risk of high-risk HPV infection than the negative group. The same was true in mixed HPV infection, but not in low-risk type infection. Looking into each high-risk HPV type, the relative infection risks for LSIL and HSIL/carcinoma, in comparison with the negative group, were 1.67 (0.63-4.43) and 8.67 (3.46-21.70), 2017 (1.01-4.68) and 3.04 (1.42-6.47), and 1.40 (0.52-3.77) and 5.22 (2.07-13.19) for HPV type 16, 52 and 58, respectively. The study confirmed the high prevalence and risky nature of HPV 52 and 58 in Taiwanese population and conveyed the need to include these HPV types in vaccine development.     

22234例子宫颈高危型HPV感染及亚型分布研究

目的:分析17种型别的高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)在22234例子宫颈癌筛查中的感染率及亚型分布特点。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月1日至2019年1月1日22234例于华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院行子宫颈癌筛查患者高危型HPV感染率及感染亚型。结果:22234例接受子宫颈癌筛查患者中,一种或以上高危型HPV阳性者3574例(16.1%),其中HPV16或(和)HPV18阳性者703例(3.2%)。在3574例高危型HPV阳性女性中,最常见的高危HPV感染是HPV52(24.4%),其次为HPV58(16.5%)、HPV16(14.0%)、HPV53(12.6%)和HPV39(8.6%)。与HPV16阴性患者相比,在HPV16阳性的患者中,除HPV31、HPV35、HPV45、HPV26和HPV82以外的12种高危型HPV的感染风险均显著降低约2~5倍(OR 0.169~0.530,P<0.05);与HPV18阴性患者相比,HPV18阳性的患者中HPV16、HPV33、HPV39、HPV51、HPV52、HPV58和HPV53的感染风险均显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:女性高危型HPV感染率较高,最常见的高危型HPV是HPV52和HPV58感染,并且HPV16、18感染对多个其他型别高危型HPV感染有保护作用。     

人乳头瘤病毒L1壳蛋白在筛查宫颈鳞状上皮内病变中的应用

目的:探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)L1壳蛋白筛查HPV阳性妇女宫颈脱落细胞中宫颈鳞状上皮内病变的应用价值。方法:选取2012年5月至2014年12月就诊于温州市人民医院的妇女212例,收集宫颈脱落细胞并行HPV L1壳蛋白检测、HPV DNA分型、TCT(液基细胞学)及阴道镜下活检,比较HPV阳性妇女的宫颈脱落细胞中HPV L1壳蛋白的表达情况。结果:212例细胞学标本中HPV L1壳蛋白阳性率为33.9%,其中未见上皮内病变/恶性细胞组(NILM)、无明确诊断意义的鳞状上皮细胞病变组(ASCUS)、低度鳞状上皮内病变组(LSIL)、不能排除高度鳞状上皮内病变组(ASC-H)、高度鳞状上皮内病变组(HSIL)中阳性率分别为47.1%、35.1%、54.2%、29.2%、16.1%,各组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两两比较,HSIL组与LSIL组和NILM组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均0.005);进行数据合并后,LSIL/ASCUS组与ASC-H/HSIL组比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。178例宫颈细胞学异常患者中,宫颈低级别病变和宫颈高级别病变的HPV L1壳蛋白阳性率比较,在ASCUS组(P=0.000)、LSIL组(P=0.004)中均有差异,在ASC-H组(P=0.127)、HSIL组(P=0.515)中均无差异。HPV 16/18感染患者的HPV L1壳缺失同宫颈高级别病变有更紧密的关系(P=0.003)。结论:子宫颈脱落细胞HPV L1壳蛋白检测在HPV阳性妇女的子宫颈病变筛查中具有一定的价值,可能成为一种合适的分流方法。