颈动脉颅外段狭窄和斑块对脑梗死患者病情进展的影响

目的探讨脑梗死病情进展与颈动脉颅外段狭窄和斑块的关系,为早期采取积极的预防和治疗,降低脑梗死患者病变加重造成的致残率及致死率。方法对我院脑病科2015—2016年收治的92例脑梗死患者以进展性标准分为病情进展组(58例)和病情无进展组(34例),均行高分辨率磁共振成像(HRMRI)检查,通过2组患者HRMRI检测结果对比,揭示斑块的形态学特征及管腔狭窄程度与脑梗死病变加重有无关系。结果2组间斑块内出血、脂质核坏死的发生率无显著性差异(P0.05),病情进展组纤维帽较薄或破裂的发生率则明显高于病情无进展组(P0.05);轻度动脉狭窄率和中度动脉狭窄率组间比较无差异(P0.05),病情进展组重度颈动脉管腔狭窄率高于病情无进展组(P0.05)。结论颈动脉重度狭窄和斑块不稳定性是脑梗死病变加重的重要病理基础,可作为进展性脑梗死的预测指标之一。     

原发性高血压并发缺血性脑卒中与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系研究

目的探究原发性高血压并发缺血性脑卒中与颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法选取2012-02-2014-11我院收治的154例高血压患者为高血压组,根据有无合并缺血性脑卒中分为单纯高血压组(81例)和高血压并发缺血性脑卒中组(73例)2个亚组,同时选取血压正常者150例为对照组。应用高频多普勒超声诊断仪检测2组患者的颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、粥样硬化斑块面积以及斑块回声强度,比较其差异,并研究血压水平与动脉粥样硬化的斑块面积、颈动脉狭窄程度的关系。结果高血压组与对照组相比,颈动脉内-中膜厚度、粥样斑块面积、斑块回声强度等指标差异有统计学意义(P0.05);高血压程度越高,患者斑块面积越大、颈动脉狭窄程度越高(P0.05)。单纯高血压组与高血压合并脑卒中组的颈动脉斑块的积分、指数、内-中膜厚度以及斑块大小比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论高血压患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度明显高于正常者,而高血压合并脑卒中者颈动脉粥样硬化程度更高,提示缺血性脑卒中的发生与斑块的脱落有关。     

磁共振定量评估颈动脉粥样硬化斑块成分的研究进展

动脉粥样硬化是颈动脉狭窄闭塞性疾病的最常见原因。动脉粥样硬化斑块的破裂及脱落会导致血栓的形成,从而导致完全动脉闭塞或下游栓塞。颈动脉粥样硬化所致狭窄已成为缺血性脑卒中的公认危险因素,占脑卒中或短暂性缺血发作的10%～20%。现有的颈动脉狭窄程度评估标准并不能对斑块的成分与结构进行定量评估,颈动脉斑块成分的无创性定量评估对于脑卒中的危险分级十分重要。本文简要综述了目前颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的磁共振成像定量技术的研究进展。     

颈动脉超声对颈动脉狭窄及脑卒中高危人群的应用价值

目的探讨颈动脉狭窄及脑卒中高危人群中应用颈动脉超声的临床价值。方法选取2013-03—2013-09我院神经内科接收脑卒中康复治疗140例患者的资料进行分析,运用颈部血管超声检测颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)及斑块等。结果140例脑卒中高危人群中,超声检出颈动脉狭窄率75.1%,其中男性颈动脉内膜增厚占70.4%,颈动脉斑块阳性占80.3%;女性颈动脉增厚占59.4%,颈动脉斑块阳性占78.3%。颈动脉狭窄患者糖尿病、高血压、吸烟、饮酒及血脂程度高于正常患者。经Pearson相关分析发现颈动脉狭窄与脑卒中危险因素相关。结论颈动脉狭窄是脑血管病发病的危险因素,超声是探查颈动脉狭窄的有效手段。     

高分辨率磁共振评价症状性大脑中动脉粥样硬化斑块与脑梗死发生的关系

目的应用高分辨率磁共振成像(HRMRI)检测症状性大脑中动脉(MCA)狭窄处斑块,初步探讨斑块稳定性与脑梗死发生的关系。方法收集症状性大脑中动脉M1段狭窄的短暂性脑缺血发作患者76例。收集一般临床资料,对MCA-M1狭窄段进行HRMRI血管壁检查,分析狭窄部位斑块信号特点,评估斑块的稳定性。根据HRMRI评估的斑块性质,将其分为不稳定斑块组(46例)和稳定斑块组(30例),其中将不稳定斑块组分为斑块内出血组(13例)、强化斑块组(17例)和混合斑块组(16例)。随访18个月,记录并比较两组患者首次就诊至发生目标MCA供血区发生脑梗死的时间及比例。结果①不稳定斑块组发生MCA区脑梗死的比例是25/46,稳定斑块组是9/30,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);②不稳定斑块组发生MCA区脑梗死的时间中位数是17.0(10.5,18.0)个月,明显短于稳定斑块组中位数18(16.3,18.0)个月,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);③不稳定斑块分型的三组间发生MCA区脑梗死的比例和时间的比较均无统计学差异(P> 0.05)。结论应用HRMRI可评估大脑中动脉斑块的稳定性,从而预测脑卒中的风险,为临床提供更多的指导信息。     

对比分析高分辨MRI与MRA对穿支动脉供血区脑梗死责任血管的诊断价值

目的对比分析高分辨率MRI(HRMRI)与MRA对穿支动脉供血区脑梗死患者责任血管的诊断评估价值。方法对24例穿支动脉供血区脑梗死患者进行常规MRI、MRA检查,根据梗死区解剖学的血管支配参照MRA行相应责任血管的HRMRI检查。Fisher精确概率法比较HRMRI与MRA对穿支动脉的载体血管(大脑中动脉、椎动脉、基底动脉)狭窄的识别情况;Wilcoxon配对秩和检验比较HRMRI与MRA评估的穿支动脉载体血管的狭窄程度。分析患者颅内动脉斑块的特征、斑块对穿支血管开口及本身的影响。结果24例患者,梗死灶位于基底节区17例、脑干7例(其中3例小脑受累)。共检查24支穿支动脉载体血管包括大脑中动脉17支、椎动脉1支、基底动脉6支。HRMRI判断责任载体血管狭窄的检出率(91.67%,22/24)明显高于MRA(62.5%,15/24)(P0.05)。对狭窄程度的判断HRMRI比MRA更准确(Z=91,P0.05)。HRMRI示23支载体血管有斑块形成,1支内膜增厚。8例HRMRI显示斑块覆盖或累及穿支血动脉开口;5例HRMRI示穿支动脉本身狭窄。而MRA不能显示穿支动脉及开口情况(P0.05)。结论 HRMRI对穿支动脉的载体血管有无狭窄及狭窄程度的判断优于MRA,还能显示穿支动脉本身管径和开口受累情况,为穿支动脉供血区脑梗死的发生机制提供更多的循证医学的依据。     

症状性颈动脉狭窄患者缺血性脑卒中再发的危险因素和治疗策略

目的评估症状性颈动脉狭窄患者缺血性脑卒中再发相关的危险因素,指导临床预防和治疗策略的制定。方法随访219例症状性颈动脉狭窄患者,给予规范化内科治疗,采集患者临床数据进行多因素回归分析、Kaplan-Meier曲线、危险比和比值比(95%可信度区间)等统计分析。结果年龄(P=0.024)、吸烟(P=0.049)、未接受他汀类药物治疗(P=0.001)、SBP(P=0.001)、FBG(P=0.022)、颈动脉不稳定斑块(P0.001)和颈动脉重度狭窄(P=0.023)与缺血性脑卒中的再发相关。结论年龄、吸烟、未接受他汀类药物治疗、SBP、FBG、颈动脉不稳定斑块和颈动脉重度狭窄是症状性颈动脉狭窄患者缺血性脑卒中再发的相关危险因素。戒烟、他汀类药物治疗、控制SBP和FBG有助于降低症状性颈动脉狭窄患者缺血性脑卒中的再发风险。     

核磁共振技术在颈动脉易损斑块识别中的临床价值

<正>颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄与缺血性卒中的发生密切相关,但并非存在斑块的颈动脉狭窄者均会发生缺血性卒中,只有那些存在易损斑块者具有高卒中风险及复发风险,因此对颈动脉易损斑块的识别对于卒中的机制判断及治疗、卒中复发预防具有重要的临床价值。另外目前对于颈动脉狭窄者行内膜剥脱术及介入治疗的主要标准是症状及狭窄程度,但单纯的狭窄程度对于斑块易损性的预测具有局限性。随着近年来影像学技术的发展,应用核磁共振技术的多重对比序列可从不同方面对颈动脉     

颈动脉狭窄与急性脑卒中并发脑心综合征的相关性研究

目的 探讨颈动脉狭窄与急性脑卒中并发脑心综合征的相关性。方法 选取2015年6月-2018年6月本院收治的急性脑卒中患者100例作为脑卒中组,依据是否并发脑心综合征分为单纯组(n=64例)和脑心组(n=36例),同期体检中心健康人员50例作为健康组,检测所有人员颈动脉狭窄、左心功能[左心室内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)],分析颈动脉狭窄与急性脑卒中并发脑心综合征的相关性。结果 脑卒中组颈动脉狭窄程度、斑块发生率为(28.12±6.54)%、56.00%。脑卒中组LAD、LVEDD明显高于健康组,脑卒中组LVEF明显低于健康组(P<0.05); 脑心组颈动脉狭窄程度、斑块发生率、LAD、LVEDD明显高于单纯组,脑心组LVEF明显低于单纯组(P<0.05); 重度脑卒中患者的LAD、LVEDD明显高于轻度脑卒中患者,重度脑卒中患者的LVEF明显低于轻度脑卒中患者(P<0.05); Pearson相关性分析显示,颈动脉狭窄程度与LAD、LVEDD呈正相关(r=0.615,0.623,P<0.05),但与LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.618,P<0.05)。结论 颈动脉狭窄与急性脑卒中并发脑心综合征有关,检测颈动脉狭窄程度可作为评估急性脑卒中并发脑心综合征的重要参考指标。     

血管超声评估颈动脉夹层的前瞻性研究

目的前瞻性研究颈部血管超声(CDU)评估颈动脉夹层(CAD)的可行性及可靠性。方法对35例(70支颈动脉)缺血性脑卒中患者行CDU、颈部高分辨率磁共振成像(HRMRI)和(或)数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查。CDU设定CAD为4种类型:(1)壁内血肿型:低回声且边缘规则的均质物质充填导致管腔呈"火焰样"狭窄或闭塞;(2)双腔型:真腔与假腔内见双向血流信号;(3)瘤样扩张型:局部管径瘤样扩张导致管腔狭窄或闭塞;(4)瓣膜漂浮型:管腔内见漂浮的撕裂内膜。CDU结果分别与HRMRI及DSA结果进行一致性检验,并计算CDU诊断CAD的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结果 CDU评估CAD 33支,HRMRI和(或)DSA证实CAD 35支。以HRMRI和(或)DSA检查为标准,CDU诊断CAD敏感性91%,特异性97%,阳性预测值97%,阴性预测值92%。Kappa检验:CDU与HRMRI一致性极佳(Kappa=0.900,P=0.000),CDU与DSA一致性良好(Kappa=0.509,P=0.007)。结论颈部血管超声可准确、无创、实时动态评估颈动脉夹层,对早期发现并实施个体化治疗具有重要意义。     

Noninvasive evaluation of carotid artery stenosis: indications, strategies, and accuracy

Carotid artery occlusive disease is an important stroke risk factor and accounts for a significant proportion of stroke morbidity and mortality. In this article we survey the major clinical trials related to stroke risk in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients who have internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis; techniques for noninvasive screening of ICA stenosis including ultrasound, MR angiography, and CT angiography; and evolving algorithms for ICA evaluation. We comment on current interest in plaque morphology as a risk factor for stroke.     

Endarterectomy, best medical treatment or both for stroke prevention in patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is currently frequently performed in subjects with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis over 70%, as clinical trials like the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study and Asymptomatic Carotid Surgery Trial demonstrated a significant benefit for stroke prevention. A low risk reduction in the long-term prevention of stroke or death and the required lower than 3% of surgical risk are associated with surgery. That means that an important number of patients needs to be operated to prevent 1 stroke over 5 years (number needed to treat: 21) with an absolute risk reduction of 5.4%. It is reasonable to consider CEA for patients aged 40-75 years and with asymptomatic stenosis of 60-99%, for patients with a life expectancy of at least 5 years, and in centres with a surgical morbidity-mortality of less than 3%. Therefore, it is of interest to identify high-risk patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis who will more likely benefit from surgery. Techniques such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging may identify plaque morphology or detect clinically asymptomatic embolization. CEA combined with the best medical treatment and good management of modifiable risk factors might be superior to medical management alone or surgery in preventing stroke. There is no level I evidence to support carotid artery stenting in asymptomatic carotid stenosis even in a subgroup of patients with a high surgical risk.     

Interrelation between plaque surface morphology and degree of stenosis on carotid angiograms and the risk of ischemic stroke in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis. On behalf of the European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The risk of ischemic stroke distal to an atherothrombotic carotid stenosis increases with the degree of stenosis. The main mechanism of stroke is thought to be embolism from fissured or ruptured plaque, but there are few published data on the relationship between plaque morphology and severity of stenosis and their independent effects on the risk of ischemic stroke. We sought to determine the interrelation between plaque surface morphology, degree of carotid stenosis, and the risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke. METHODS: Severity of stenosis and plaque surface morphology were assessed on angiograms of the symptomatic carotid artery in 3007 patients in the European Carotid Surgery Trial and were related to baseline clinical characteristics, pathological characteristics of plaques examined at endarterectomy, and the risks of carotid territory ipsilateral ischemic stroke and other vascular events on follow-up. RESULTS: The early risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke on medical treatment was closely related to the degree of carotid stenosis. However, the initial degree of carotid stenosis was not predictive of strokes occurring >2 years after randomization. Angiographic plaque surface irregularity and plaque surface thrombus at endarterectomy increased in frequency as the degree of stenosis increased (both P<0.0001). However, the degree of stenosis was still predictive of the 2-year risk of stroke on medical treatment after correction for plaque surface irregularity. Angiographic plaque surface irregularity was an independent predictor of ipsilateral ischemic stroke on medical treatment at all degrees of stenosis (hazard ratio=1.80; 95% CI, 1. 14 to 2.83; P=0.01). This relationship was maintained when the analysis was confined to strokes occurring >2 years after randomization (hazard ratio=2.75; 95% CI, 1.30 to 5.80; P=0.01). Neither the degree of stenosis nor plaque surface irregularity was predictive of the "background" stroke risk after endarterectomy or the risk of nonstroke vascular events. CONCLUSIONS: Angiographic plaque surface irregularity is associated with an increased risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke on medical treatment at all degrees of stenosis. The increase in stroke risk with degree of stenosis is partly accounted for by the parallel increase in plaque surface irregularity and thrombus formation, but the degree of narrowing of the vessel lumen is still an independent predictor of ischemic stroke within 2 years of presentation.     

Natural history of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis

The prevalence of carotid artery stenosis 50% or greater increases from about 1% in people aged 50 to 59 to about 10% in people older than 70. Although carotid stenosis accounts for about 10% of ischemic strokes, only a minority of patients with carotid stenosis will have a stroke. The annual risk of ipsilateral ischemic stroke is relatively low, ranging from 1.0 to 3.8% and is about half of that of any stroke. There is a relatively weak relationship between carotid stenosis severity and risk of ipsilateral stroke. In addition to stenosis severity, carotid plaque composition, which can be evaluated by several noninvasive imaging methods, may be an independent risk factor for stroke. There are few data supporting the use of hemodynamic impairment assessment to predict stroke risk. Nonstroke vascular events are about twice as likely in patients with carotid bruits compared with those without. Patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis have a particularly high risk of cardiac events (about 3.5% per year). Therefore, the most important part of the management of patients with carotid stenosis is optimization of medical therapy. Much remains to be done to identify patients at particularly high risk of ipsilateral stroke, for whom carotid endarterectomy may be necessary in addition to medical therapy.     

邵阳市居民脑卒中高危人群颈动脉超声检测临床研究

目的探讨邵阳市居民脑卒中筛查高危人群颈动脉彩超结果与年龄、高血压、高血糖等危险因素的关系,为该地区建立高危人群干预体系提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法抽取邵阳市常住居民4200例进行体格检查及问卷调查,筛查出脑卒中高危人群628例,对脑卒中高危人群行颈动脉彩超检查,对所得数据进行统计学分析;采用Logistic多因素分析影响邵阳市居民脑卒中高危人群患病的相关因素。结果628例调查者中检出颈动脉内膜增厚265例(42.19%),颈动脉斑块形成125例(19.90%),颈动脉狭窄38例(6.05%),同时检测出斑块形成及颈动脉狭窄28例(4.46%)。与60岁组相比,≤60岁组内膜增厚、斑块形成、颈动脉狭窄等发生率较低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。与合并高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症疾病组相比,非高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症组内膜增厚、斑块形成、颈动脉狭窄等发生率较低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。经Logisitc多因素分析显示,年龄、患有高血压、高脂血症及颈动脉斑块形成是邵阳市居民脑卒中发生的独立因素。结论积极开展颈动脉彩超检查,对该地区的脑血病防治有重要意义。     

Carotid plaque inflammation detected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. Pilot study

OBJECTIVES: Inflammation is important in both the pathogenesis and outcome of atherosclerosis. Current imaging techniques provide anatomic data but no indication of plaque inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that plaque inflammation could be assessed in vivo by (18)FDG-PET and that plaque inflammation could increase the risk of recurrent vascular events and poor response to treatment in a pilot study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients (median age 66.1 years [55-82 years]) with recent carotid territory TIA or ischemic stroke and internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis > or =50% were studied. Angiography and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET) imaging were carried out in all patients. Treatment for carotid stenosis in each patient was selected by the attending physician and consisted in medical treatment, endarterectomy or stent placement. During 6 months of follow-up, the specific end points assessed were the occurrence of any stroke, death, or re-stenosis. RESULTS: Patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis were imaged using (18)FDG-PET. Strong (18)FDG uptake (SUV> or =2.7) was seen in 11 of 13 (85%) carotid lesions. Among these patients two died during follow-up, 3 had recurrent non-fatal ipsilateral ischemic stroke and 1 patient who had undergone stenting had non-symptomatic re-stenosis in control studies. There was a significant correlation between the (18)FDG uptake and degree of ICA stenosis detected by angiography. CONCLUSION: Carotid atherosclerotic plaques contain a variable degree of inflammation which can be assessed in vivo by means of FDG and PET. The prognostic value of this marker is, however, still unclear and needs further study.     

大脑中动脉粥样硬化的狭窄度与卒中机制——一项高分辨磁共振研究

目的本研究旨在探索大脑中脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)狭窄率与MCA斑块形态学及梗死类型的相关性,并探索不同狭窄率患者卒中的发生机制。方法连续收集2009-2014年于北京协和医院就诊的2周内发生MCA供血区缺血性卒中并进行高分辨磁共振(high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging,HRMRI)扫描的患者。纳入MCA M1段存在斑块的患者,排除心源性、颅外大动脉粥样硬化及其他病因的卒中患者。在弥散加权成像(diffusion weighted imaging,DWI)上将梗死类型分为穿支、皮层、分水岭和混合型梗死,并测量梗死体积。在矢状位HRMRI上测量MCA M1段狭窄率,并收集斑块位置、长度、厚度、信号和斑块连续性等形态学指标。将狭窄率50%的患者分入重度狭窄组,将狭窄率≤50%的患者归入轻度狭窄组。结果研究共纳入102例患者,其中重度狭窄组39例,轻度狭窄组63例。重度狭窄组患者卒中,穿支梗死14例(35.9%),皮层梗死9例(23.1%),分水岭梗死4例(10.3%),混合型梗死12例(30.8%);轻度狭窄组患者中,穿支梗死44例(69.8%),皮层梗死8例(12.7%),分水岭梗死3例(5.8%),混合型梗死8例(12.7%),两组构成类型比较,差异有显著性(P=0.014)。与轻度狭窄组比较,重度狭窄组患者斑块更长(P0.001)、更厚(P0.001)、更多混合信号斑块(P0.001)。斑块厚度(P0.001,OR 87.792,95%CI 13.120~587.453)和斑块混合信号(P=0.007,OR 7.358,95%CI 1.725~31.382)是MCA狭窄率50%的独立预测因子。重度狭窄组中,梗死体积与斑块表面不连续(P=0.004)相关。轻度狭窄组中,梗死类型与斑块表面不连续(P=0.002)及斑块厚度(P=0.032)相关。且斑块表面不连续是发生栓塞性梗死的独立预测因子(P=0.003,OR 5.778,95%CI 1.788~18.672)。结论 MCA狭窄率50%和≤50%的患者具有不同的卒中分型比例和斑块形态学;狭窄率≤50%的斑块表面不连续是栓塞性梗死独立预测因子,提示轻度狭窄MCA斑块破裂可能是引起栓塞性病灶的机制。     

Outcome in patients with symptomatic occlusion of the internal carotid artery or intracranial arterial lesions: a meta-analysis of the role of baseline characteristics and type of antithrombotic treatment

OBJECTIVES: We performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the impact of potential risk factors of recurrent stroke other than a compromised cerebral blood flow in patients with carotid occlusion or intracranial arterial lesions. In addition, we investigated the effect of treatment with aspirin or oral anticoagulation on recurrent stroke rate and assessed whether the incidence of recurrent stroke has decreased over the years. METHODS: We searched Medline (1966 and onwards) and reference lists of identified articles for papers reporting on the recurrent stroke risk in patients with carotid occlusion or intracranial arterial lesions. Two authors independently extracted information from all papers. The influence of study characteristics on the risk of the endpoints 'recurrent stroke', 'ipsilateral stroke' and 'vascular death' was determined by Poisson regression analysis. Rate ratios were calculated per 10 percentage points increase of a characteristic. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Patients with intracranial carotid stenosis or occlusion had a higher rate of recurrent stroke (rate ratio 1.09; 95% CI 1.05-1.14) than patients with extracranial carotid occlusion or middle cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion. In patients with bilateral carotid occlusion the rate was lower (rate ratio 0.82; 95% CI 0.68-0.98). No other vascular risk factors than hypertension (rate ratio 1.23; 95% CI 1.07-1.41) could be shown to increase the rate of recurrent stroke. Oral anticoagulation but not aspirin had a protective effect on the incidence of recurrent stroke (rate ratio 0.86; 95% CI 0.79-0.93). The reported rates of recurrent stroke in patients with symptomatic occlusion of the internal carotid artery or intracranial arterial lesions have not decreased over the years.     

颈动脉超声对冠状动脉狭窄患者缺血性脑血管疾病的评价及其与传统危险因素的关系

目的探讨颈动脉超声对预测冠状动脉狭窄患者颅内动脉狭窄的价值,以及颈动脉超声相对于其它动脉粥样硬化主要危险因素预测缺血性心脑血管疾病的优越性。方法对209例经血管造影证实冠状动脉狭窄(≥70%)的患者采用彩色多谱勒血流成像(CDFI)和经颅多普勒超声(TCD)分别检查颈动脉和颅内动脉,并将患者分为颈动脉狭窄组与非狭窄组;脑动脉狭窄组与非狭窄组,分别比较狭窄组与非狭窄组之间的危险因素及生化指标,进一步对冠状动脉狭窄合并颅内动脉狭窄的主要危险因素与颈动脉超声结果中具有显著性统计学意义的指标,分析二者之间的相关性。结果颈动脉超声对缺血性心脑血管疾病的预测价值较传统的危险因素更高。结论高血压病、颈动脉球部内膜增厚、多发斑块及不均质回声斑块对冠状动脉狭窄患者颅内动脉狭窄有明显的促进作用。采用CDFI对确诊冠状动脉狭窄患者进行检测,对心脑血管事件高危人群进行筛选、评价治疗疗效和预后具有重要意义。