2000-2011年岳阳市云溪区城乡3～12岁儿童超重和肥胖检出情况分析

[目的]了解3～12岁儿童超重和肥胖的流行趋势,为制定学生肥胖防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]利用2000、2006、2011年岳阳市云溪区学生体质调研资料,分析并比较不同群体学生超重与肥胖检出情况。[结果]3～12岁学生超重率,2000年为2．20％,2006年为7．05％,2011年为11．13％（P〈0．01）;3～12岁学生肥胖率,2000年为0．85％,2006年为3．86％,2011年为6．16％（P〈0．01）。2011年,城镇男生、城镇女生、乡村男生、乡村女生的超重率分别为18．19％、13．77％、7．92％、4．59％（P〈0．01）,肥胖率分别为11．60％、7．79％、3．12％、2．08％（P〈0．01）;经济“优”、“良”、“差”片区超重率分别为5．48％、4．93％、5．81％（P〈0．05）,肥胖率分别为3．16％、2．51％、2．80％（P〈0．05）。[结论]云溪区3～12岁城乡儿童超重与肥胖率处于一般水平。     

Peer Reviewed: Prevalence of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose in Chinese Adults,China National Nutrition and Health Survey, 2002

Introduction

As a result of rapid economic development in China, the lifestyles and dietary habits of its people have been changing, and the rates of obesity, diabetes, and other chronic conditions have increased substantially. We report the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and the association between diabetes and overweight and obesity in Chinese adults. We also compare the results with those from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002.

Methods

Data were from adults aged 20 years or older who participated in the China National Nutrition and Health Survey, 2002 (n = 47,729). Diabetes and IFG were defined by the American Diabetes Association 2009 criteria. We assessed the prevalence of diabetes, IFG, and overweight and obesity by sex, age, region of residence, and ethnicity.

Results

The prevalence of diabetes and IFG in Chinese adults was 2.7% and 4.9%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes increased with age and body mass index. Men and women had a similar prevalence of diabetes, but men had a significantly higher prevalence of IFG. The prevalence of diabetes among Chinese who lived in urban areas was 2 to 3 times higher than the prevalence among those who lived in rural areas (3.9% for urban areas and 6.1% for large cities vs 1.9% for rural areas), and the prevalence of IFG was 1.5 to 2 times higher (6.1% and 8.1% vs 4.2%, respectively). The prevalence of diabetes among Chinese women and young (20-39 y) and middle-aged (40-59 y) adults who lived in large cities was similar to the prevalence of diabetes in the US population.

Conclusion

The prevalence of diabetes and IFG was much higher in urban than rural areas, particularly in the large cities of China. Prevention must be emphasized among adults to reduce the future social and economic burden of diabetes in China.     

2000～2011年岳阳市云溪区城乡3～12岁儿童超重和肥胖检出情况分析

[目的]了解3～12岁儿童超重和肥胖的流行趋势,为制定学生肥胖防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]利用2000、2006、2011年岳阳市云溪区学生体质调研资料,分析并比较不同群体学生超重与肥胖检出情况。[结果]3～12岁学生超重率,2000年为2.20%,2006年为7.05%,2011年为11.13%(P<0.01);3～12岁学生肥胖率,2000年为0.85%,2006年为3.86%,2011年为6.16%(P<0.01)。2011年,城镇男生、城镇女生、乡村男生、乡村女生的超重率分别为18.19%、13.77%、7.92%、4.59%(P<0.01),肥胖率分别为11.60%、7.79%、3.12%、2.08%(P<0.01);经济"优"、"良"、"差"片区超重率分别为5.48%、4.93%、5.81%(P<0.05),肥胖率分别为3.16%、2.51%、2.80%(P<0.05)。[结论]云溪区3～12岁城乡儿童超重与肥胖率处于一般水平。     

Increasing prevalence of overweight, obesity and physical inactivity: two population-based studies 1986 and 1994

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the 1986-1994 trend in obesity, overweight and sedentary leisure-time physical activity status, and the educational gradient in overweight and obesity in the city of Malm?, Sweden. MATERIAL/METHODS: The public health surveys in Malm? 1986 and 1994 are cross-sectional studies. A total of 4,800 and 5,600 individuals aged 20-80 years were randomly chosen to be interviewed by a postal questionnaire. The participation rates were 74% and 71%. Obesity was defined as BMI 30.0 or more and overweight as BMI 25.0-29.9. The prevalences of leisure-time physical inactivity, obesity and overweight were computed, and the differences between 1986 and 1994 as well as educational gradients in overweight and obesity were assessed. RESULTS: The prevalence of obesity increased from 4.6% to 11.4% (p<0.001) among men and from 6.1% to 9.8% (p<0.001) among women. The prevalence of overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9) increased from 33.9% to 45.2% (p<0.001) among men, and from 19.6% to 29.1% (p<0.001) among women. The prevalence of leisure time physical inactivity increased among men from 14.7% to 18.1% (p<0.001) among men and from 19.4% to 26.7% (p<0.001) among women. The increasing prevalences of obesity, overweight and physical inactivity were observed in all age, country of origin and educational status groups. The educational differences in BMI 25.0+ observed among both men and women in 1986 disappeared among men in 1994. In contrast, educational differences in obesity (BMI 30.0+), not seen in 1986, appeared in 1994 among men. CONCLUSION: The proportions of the population with obesity and overweight increased significantly between 1986 and 1994 for both men and women. The increasing prevalence of physical inactivity seems to be an important explanation.     

无锡市城区社区自然人群糖尿病及其患病风险现况

目的了解无锡市城市社区自然人群糖尿病及其患病风险现状。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样法抽取无锡市城区社区20岁以上居民13 575人进行现况调查。结果无锡市城区社区20岁以上自然人群糖尿病和空腹血糖受损现患率分别为6.27%和1.77%;年龄、糖尿病家族史、超重或肥胖、高血压、血脂异常为该地区糖尿病的危险因素;超重或肥胖、高血压、血脂异常的暴露率在男性中分别为38.89%,40.54%和48.27%,女性中分别为33.43%,31.62%和42.72%;人群中至少具有上述一项危险因素的个体占86.71%,具有高度、中度糖尿病综合患病风险的个体在人群中占25.22%。结论无锡市城市社区人群糖尿病及其患病风险处于较高水平,需大力加强糖尿病与其他慢性非传染性疾病的预防和控制。     

Trends in overweight and obesity in Portugal: the National Health Surveys 1995-6 and 1998-9

OBJECTIVE: To assess overweight and obesity trends in the Portuguese population. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: National Health Surveys, conducted in 1995-6 (17,989 men; 20,249 women) and 1998-9 (17,923 men; 20,302 women), were used. RESULTS: In men, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 39.9% (95% CI: 39.2 to 40.6) and 10.3% (95% CI: 9.9 to 10.7), respectively, in 1995-6, to 42.5% (95% CI: 41.8 to 43.2) and 11.5% (95% CI: 11.0 to 12.0), respectively, in 1998-9. In women, prevalence of obesity increased from 12.7% (95% CI: 12.2 to 13.2) in 1995-6 to 14.2% (95% CI: 13.7 to 14.6) in 1998-9, whereas the prevalence of overweight remained stable: 32.2% (95% CI: 31.6 to 32.9) in 1995-6 and 32.3% (95% CI: 31.6 to 32.9) in 1998-9. In men, prevalence of overweight and obesity were higher among former smokers and educational group of 6 to 12 years, and prevalence of obesity was higher in the Lisbon region. In women, prevalence of overweight and obesity were higher among never smokers, and prevalence of obesity was higher among educational group of -6 years. Prevalence of obesity was higher in the Alentejo region, and overweight was higher in the Center region. Finally, prevalence of obesity increased in both sexes for all strata studied (age, smoking status, educational level, and geographic region), whereas prevalence of overweight increased only in men. DISCUSSION: In Portugal, overweight and obesity levels are related to sociodemographic factors; the increase in obesity levels stresses the need for preventive measures.     

某社区女性居民糖尿病与空腹血糖损害现状及影响因素研究

[目的]探讨上海某社区女性居民糖尿病与空腹血糖损害现状及影响因素。[方法]采用现况研究方法,由经培训的调查员用统一的调查表进行面对面调查,于1999年12月~2000年2月在该社区20岁以上女性居民中开展研究。同时对所有研究对象进行体格检查(身高、体重、血压、脉搏、腰围、臀围、空腹血糖)。对数据进行多元无序多分类Logistic回归分析。[结果]1 989名女性社区居民糖尿病和空腹血糖损害(IFG)标化患病率分别为4.1%和3.0%。进一步分析表明,年龄(OR=1.034,95%可信限:1.016~1.052)、腰臀比(OR=14.984,95%可信限:1.175~191.028)、高血压(OR=2.448,95%可信限:1.550~3.865)、饮酒史(OR=4.646,95%可信限:1.670~12.982)、体质指数(OR=1.123,95%可信限:1.061~1.188)和糖尿病家族史(OR=5.312,95%可信限:2.664~10.589)是女性社区居民糖尿病可能的独立危险因素;体质指数(OR=1.096,95%可信限:1.026~1.172)和糖尿病家族史(OR=3.292,95%可信限:1.399~7.745)也是IFG可能的独立危险因素。[结论]该社区女性居民的糖尿病和IFG患病率水平较高,应该加强对较胖(特别是中心性肥胖)、有糖尿病家族史、年龄较大(50岁以上)、有高血压及有饮酒史的女性高危人群的监测与干预。     

High prevalence of overweight and obesity in women of Islamshahr, Iran

This study determined the prevalence of overweight, overall and central obesity in female adolescents and women and their possible association with marital status, occupation, literacy, parity, daily meal and snack consumption. The study was a cross-sectional, random survey of households. Rural and urban areas of Islamshahr district in Iran were selected and 1003 female adolescents and women aged 10-65 years were studied. The frequency of overweight and obesity were similar in rural and urban areas. On the basis of body mass index (BMI), more than 19% of adolescents were overweight or at risk of it and 66.8% of adult females were overweight or obese. Frequency of central obesity [waist to hip ratio (WHR) > or = 0.85]was 35.7% in all females. The mean BMI was significantly higher in married women and in women with less than 8 years of formal education. The mean WHR was significantly higher in women with less than 8 years of education or with more than 6 parity female adults. In addition, the mean BMIs and WHRs were significantly higher in women without any daily snack consumption. Overweight and obesity was very common in adult females of Islam shahr thus prevention of overweight and obesity through a healthy diet and increased physical activity should now be an important priority area.     

2006年庄河市部分农村中老年妇女膳食与慢性病患病情况调查

[目的]了解庄河市农村中老年妇女慢性病患病状况及其危险因素,促进农村慢性病的防治工作。[方法]2006年,在庄河市尖山乡尖山村、山头村抽取105名40岁以上妇女进行调查。[结果]调查105人,其中体重正常的20人,超重的32人,肥胖的53人;高血压患病率为42．86％,糖尿病患病率为18．10％,冠心病患病率为16．19％,脑卒中患病率为3．81％,高脂血症患病率为15．24％。体重正常、超重、肥胖者各种慢性病患病率的差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;5种慢性病总患病率,正常体重者为60．00％,超重、肥胖者为92．94%（P〈0．01）。[结论]庄河市中老年农村妇女超重和肥胖率较高,慢性病防治工作有待加强。     

淞南社区40岁以上居民超重和肥胖现况调查与分析

目的了解上海淞南社区居民超重和肥胖的患病情况,为制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,随机抽取上海宝山区淞南社区下属的8个居委40岁以上的常住居民i0185人,进行问卷调查、体检和生化检查。结果超重患病率40．94％（男44．60％,女38．52％）,超重标化率为40．51％（男44．37％,女38．05％）,肥胖患病率19．36％（男17．48％,女20．62％）,肥胖标化率为18．99％（男17．11％,女20．86％）。男性超重患病率高于女性（P〈0．01）;女性肥胖患病率高于男性（P〈0．01）;超重和肥胖总患病率60．3i％（男性为62．08％,女性为59．13％）,标化后总患病率59．50％（男性为6i．48％,女性为58．91％）,超重和肥胖总患病率男性高于女性。不同体力活动超重和肥胖患病率不同,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。超重和肥胖组空腹血糖、总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均数较体重正常组高,超重和肥胖组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇均数较体重正常组低,各组间均有显著差异（P〈0．01）。结论上海淞南社区居民超重和肥胖已成为影响居民健康的重要疾患,防治工作迫在眉睫。     

The prevalence of obesity and its related risk factor in the north of iran in 2006

Background: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the obesity and the related risk factors in the north of Iran. Methods: This was a population-based cross-sectional study that enrolled 2495 subjects (1247 males and 1248 females) using stratified cluster sampling. Interviewers recorded the data using a multidimensional questionnaire including anthropometric indexes. Body mass index equal to or greater than 25 was considered as overweight and that of 30 and 40 as obese and pathologic obese respectively. SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical data analysis. Results: Mean age of the subjects was 39.2 [95% CI: 38.6, 39.8] yr. Mean body mass index was 25.3 [95% CI: 25.0, 25.6] kg/m(2) for men and 27.5 [95% CI: 27.2, 27.9] kg/m2 for women. The prevalence rates of overweight, obesity and pathologic obesity were 29.9% (745/2495), 22.5% (561/2495) and 1.8% (44/2495) respectively. The prevalence of obesity was higher in urban residents than rural ones, 27.3% versus 18.9% respectively (P<0.001). The prevalence rates of obesity and pathologic obesity were much higher in women than men were, 30.3% versus 15.4% and 3.0% versus 0.6% respectively (P=0.001). The odds ratio estimate was 1.68 [95% CI: 1.40, 2.02] for urban area compared to rural area; 2.60 [95% CI: 2.14, 3.15] for females compared to males; 5.95 [95% CI: 3.54, 9.99] for married people compared to single people; 1.89 [95% CI: 1.44, 2.84] for age group of 55-65 years compared to age group of 15-24 years; 1.76 [95% CI: 1.17, 2.64] for illiterate people compared to those who had academic education; 1.98 [95% CI: 1.13, 2.49] for poor people compared to people with high economic level. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity and overweight is very high in the north of Iran, hence is a signal of serious health problem, and should be the focus of special attention.     

上海市社区中老年居民慢性病患病调查

目的了解上海市长宁区社区中老年居民慢性病患病情况和分布特征。方法采用横断面现况调查,研究对象为上海市长宁区某街道40～74岁男性和40～70岁女性,分别于2003年和1998年完成了6 488名男性和8 511名女性的健康调查,根据上海市人口普查资料的年龄构成计算慢性病标化患病率,并采用χ2检验比较不同特征人群的慢性病患病率差异。结果男、女性慢性病中高血压患病率最高,标化患病率分别为28.0%、22.6%;分别有40.9%男性和36.5%女性患有高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺病和脑卒中5种主要慢性病中的一种;体质指数(BMI)≥24者,高血压和冠心病的患病率较高;经常吸烟、饮酒的男性,脑卒中、高血压和慢性阻塞性肺病的患病率较高,而吸烟、饮酒对女性慢性病的影响较小。结论不同特征人群慢性病患病率有一定差异,控制肥胖和戒烟是重要的干预措施。     

Diabetes and obesity in the eastern Morocco

The objective of this research is to describe the current situation (frequencies) of obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) and their relationship in Oujda capital of eastern Morocco and its regions, and to investigate the influences of milieu, sex and age. A sample of 1,628 individuals at least 40 years old was formed by voluntary participation using convenience sampling through 26 campaigns in urban and rural areas in late 2008. The proportion in the total sample was globally 10.2% for DM, 8.1% for impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 25.1% for obesity and 40.3% for overweight. The relative frequency of DM was slightly higher in women than in men (10.7% vs. 9.3%, not significant (NS)); for IFG it was respectively 8.7% versus 7.01% (NS). The relative frequency of DM was 1.34 times higher in urban (10.9%) than in rural areas (7.9%, P?<?0.05). It was also more elevated in obese subjects (15.9%) than in normal ones (9.7%, P?<?0.001). Obesity proportion was markedly greater in women (32.7%) than in men (11.5%, P?<?0.001). Obesity and overweight were more frequent in urban populations than in rural ones. In conclusion, our results show an alarming increasing trend in the current situation and frequencies of DM, obesity and overweight in the capital of eastern Morocco and its regions, especially for women in urban area.     

Obesity in adults: an emerging problem in urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity and underweight among Vietnamese adults living in urban areas of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam. DESIGN: This cross-sectional survey was conducted in the local health stations of 30 randomly selected wards, which represent all 13 urban districts of HCMC, over a period of 2 months from March to April 2004. SUBJECTS: A total of 1488 participants aged 20-60 years completed the interview, physical examination and venous blood collection. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric measurements of body weight, height, waist and hip circumference were taken to construct indicators of adiposity including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height and waist-to-hip ratios. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and biochemical indicators of cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes risk (lipid profile and fasting blood glucose) were also measured. RESULTS: The age and sex standardized prevalence of overweight and obesity using Asian specific BMI cutoffs of 23.0 and 27.5 kg/m2 was 26.2 and 6.4%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was slightly higher in females (33.6%) than males (31.6%), and progressively increased with age. The age and sex-standardized prevalence of underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) among Vietnamese adults living in HCMC was 20.4%. The prevalence was slightly higher in males (22.0%) than in females (18.9%), and there was a much higher prevalence in all underweight categories in younger women than in men but this was reversed for older men. CONCLUSION: The adult population in HCMC Vietnam is in an early 'nutrition transition' with approximately equal prevalence of low and high BMI. The prevalence of overweight and obesity of Vietnamese urban adults was lower than that reported for other east and southeast Asian countries.     

德清农村社区成人超重现况及其与空腹血糖异常的关系研究

目的了解当前农村社区成人居民超重状况及其与空腹血糖异常的关系。方法采用流行病学现况研究设计,整群抽取浙江省德清县4个农村社区,使用统一调查表面对面调查上述社区中所有18～64周岁的社区户籍居民5840人的一般人口特征和健康相关内容,同时测量身高、体重、空腹血糖等指标。利用Epidata 3.1中文版建立数据库,SPSS 16.0进行数据分析。结果在5840名调查对象中,平均BMI为22.7±11.6,超重率25.1%,肥胖率3.8%(按照2000年全国人口进行年龄性别标化,标化的超重率为21.8%)。从年龄分布看,无论男性还是女性社区居民的超重率均在35岁之后明显增加,表现出一定的年龄趋势(男:χ2趋势=5.61,P=0.018;女:χ2趋势=50.96,P<0.001;合并:χ2趋势=14.05,P<0.001)。校正了年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒和规律体育锻炼后,在多分类Logistic回归模型中,与非超重居民相比,超重与较高的空腹血糖受损和糖尿病风险有关,其调整OR(aOR)分别为1.8(95%CI 1.34～2.37)和3.7(95%CI 2.42～5.65),BMI每增加一个单位,空腹血糖受损和糖尿病的风险分别增加14%和24%(aOR=1.14,95%CI 1.10～1.20;aOR=1.24,95%CI 1.16～1.32)。结论德清农村社区成人居民超重率较高,超重既与糖尿病密切相关也与空腹血糖受损有关,值得进一步研究与监测。     

上海市某社区人群超重情况调查

[目的 ]　依据世界卫生组织西太区办事处新发布的适用于亚洲人种的超重判断标准 ,了解上海市中心城区居民的超重情况。 [方法 ]　对 32 5 6名 35～ 74岁的社区居民进行入户访问、身体指标测量和血压测量。 [结果 ]　根据新的标准 ,调查居民中超重率为 44.5 % ,肥胖率为 2 0 .9% ;腰围超标者为 15 .4% ,腰臀比超标者为 2 0 .1%。不同年龄、文化教育程度和职业的居民超重率的差异有显著性意义 ,超重者高血压及糖尿病患病率较非超重者高。 [结论 ]　根据新的判断标准 ,上海中心城区被调查社区居民超重情况较为严重 ,应采取各种措施 ,以减少由超重所带来的各种负担     

Association between socioeconomic status and adiposity in urban Cameroon

BACKGROUND: As the relation between socioeconomic status (SES) and obesity may depend on the stage of development of a country, this relation is assessed in adults from urban Cameroon. METHODS: A sample comprising 1530 women and 1301 men aged 25 years and above, from 1897 households in the Biyem-Assi health area in the capital of Cameroon, Yaoundé, were interviewed about their household amenities, occupation, and education. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured and subjects were classified as obese if their BMI>or=30 kg/m2 or overweight if BMI was between 25.0 and 29.9 kg/m2. Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist circumference>or=80 cm in women and>or=94 cm in men. RESULTS: Of the sample studied 33% of women and 30% of men were overweight (P<0.08), whereas 22% of women and 7% of men were obese (P<0.001). Abdominal obesity was present in 67% of women and 18% of men (P<0.001). After adjusting for age, leisure time physical activity, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking, the prevalence of overweight+obesity, obesity, and abdominal obesity increased with quartiles of household amenities in both genders and with occupational level in men. CONCLUSION: SES is positively associated with adiposity in urban Cameroon after adjusting for confounding factors.     

Comorbidity of overweight and obesity in a nationally representative sample of German adults aged 18-79 years

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Overweight has increased in many countries over the past 20 years and excessive body weight is an established risk factor for adverse health outcomes and chronic diseases. This study aimed to determine comorbidity associated with overweight and obesity in a nationally representative sample of German adults. METHODS: In the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998 standardized measures of body weight, height and waist circumference (WC) were obtained for 7,124 men and women 18 to 79 years of age. Information on pre-existing health conditions, health-related behaviors, and sociodemographic characteristics was collected using physician-administered computer-assisted interviews and self-administered questionnaires. World Health Organization (WHO) cut-off criteria were applied to define overweight (BMI: 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI [GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO]30.0 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (men: WC [GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO]102 cm; women: WC [GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO]88 cm). RESULTS: The crude prevalence of persons with cardio metabolic risk factors, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease (CVD), gall bladder disease, and osteoarthritis showed a significant stepwise increase from the lowest to the highest BMI category in both sexes. In multiple logistic regression models adjusting for age, social status, and smoking, significant associations with overweight and obesity persisted for cardio metabolic risk factors and osteoarthritis. For example, obese persons had a three- to fourfold higher chance of having any cardio metabolic risk factor compared to normal weight persons (odds ratio (OR) = 4.07, 95% CI: 3.16-5.25 for men; OR = 3.40 (2.60-4.46) for women). Only in women, overweight and obesity as well as abdominal obesity, independent of BMI category, were significantly and consistently associated with diabetes (overweight: OR = 1.85 (1.03-3.30); obesity: OR = 2.94 (1.63-5.31); abdominal obesity: OR = 1.44 (1.08-1.92) and gall bladder disease (overweight: OR = 1.65 (1.22-2.25); obesity: OR = 3.06 (2.26-4.14); abdominal obesity: OR = 1.73 (1.25-2.39)). CONCLUSION: Current estimates of disease burden underline the public health importance and clinical relevance related to overweight and obesity and needs to take into account comorbidity aspects.     

秦皇岛市北戴河区居民肥胖与相关慢性疾病的影响因素

目的研究秦皇岛市北戴河区肥胖与相关慢性疾病的影响因素。方法采用随机抽样方法,于2010年8—10月对北戴河区20～92岁居民进行面对面调查,抽取3 569人,用询问调查法获得个人基本情况和相关因素,测量身高、体重。结果超重、全身性肥胖和腹型肥胖总患病率分别为36.79%、13.28%和54.08%;不同性别的人群超重率、全身性肥胖率和腹型肥胖率差异有统计学意义(χ2=126.31,P0.01;χ2=63.85,P0.01;χ2=14.91,P0.01);不同年龄人群超重率、全身性肥胖率和腹型肥胖率差异有统计学意义(χ2=93.15,P0.01;χ2=6.002,P=0.01;χ2=24.70,P0.01);不同文化程度的人群超重率、全身性肥胖率和腹型肥胖率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.49,P0.01;χ2=126.31,P0.01;χ2=13.11,P0.01);与体重正常人群比较,超重和肥胖人群高血压、血糖异常和甘油三酯升高危险性较高,其OR值分别为2.86,2.94,3.52和5.06,4.19,6.37)。结论肥胖者易患高血压、血糖异常、血脂异常等慢性疾病,应采取有效的措施预防和控制肥胖。     

2009—2010年北京市昌平区中小学生超重和肥胖监测结果

目的分析北京市昌平区2009—2010年中小学生超重和肥胖的分布状况,为制定学生超重和肥胖防治策略提供依据。方法根据《中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准》,对昌平区2009—2010学年中小学生体质健康资料进行分析。结果昌平区中小学生体重指数(BMI)为(19.3±4.3)kg/m2、超重(8.9%)和肥胖(4.6%)检出率均随年龄呈上升趋势;超重和肥胖检出率城镇学生均高于乡村学生,男生高于女生,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论昌平区中小学学生超重和肥胖的预防从小学低年级就应开始,而干预的重点应为城镇学校高年级的男生。