三种不同固位形式嵌体冠修复短冠磨牙的微渗漏对比研究

目的：采用不同固位形式嵌体冠对离体短冠磨牙进行修复,通过对比观察微渗漏情况,评估临床修复效果。方法：离体短冠磨牙根管治疗后制作钴铬合金嵌体冠修复,分为髓室固位嵌体冠、常规桩核嵌体冠、插销桩核嵌体冠3组,所有样本浸泡于印度墨水中3周,然后沿近远中方向纵行剖开,在体视显微镜下观察微渗漏。结果：插销桩核嵌体冠组微渗漏值大于其它两组,但3组之间无明显差异。结论：3种嵌体冠均可应用于短冠磨牙的修复。     

短冠磨牙和嵌体冠修复

目的 探讨嵌体冠修复的适应证、牙体预备、制作方法,观察短冠磨牙的嵌体冠修复的固们效果。方法 对２４颗经完善内科治疗的隐裂短冠磨牙行嵌体冠修复,随访观察２～３年。结果 ２４颗经修复的磨牙中,２３颗使用良好,１颗因牙周疾患拔除。结论 嵌体冠能较好地解决短冠磨牙的固位问题。     

短冠磨牙的嵌体冠修复

目的 :探讨嵌体冠修复的适应证、牙体预备、制作方法 ,观察短冠磨牙的嵌体冠修复的固位效果。方法 :对2 4颗经完善内科治疗的隐裂短冠磨牙行嵌体冠修复 ,随访观察 2～ 3年。结果 :2 4颗经修复的磨牙中 ,2 3颗使用良好 ,1颗因牙周疾患拔除。结论 :嵌体冠能较好地解决短冠磨牙的固位问题     

三种不同固位形式嵌体冠修复短冠磨牙的应用比较

目的：采用不同固位形式嵌体冠对短冠磨牙进行修复,对比观察疗效,评估其临床修复效果。方法：选取66颗根管治疗后的短冠磨牙进行钴铬合金嵌体冠修复,分为髓室固位嵌体冠组、常规桩核嵌体冠组、插销桩核嵌体冠组。所有患者修复2年后,对修复体粘结效果进行评价。结果：髓室固位嵌体冠粘结强度小于常规桩核嵌体冠和插销桩核嵌体冠,但3组之间无明显差异。结论：3种固位方式嵌体冠的粘结强度均能满足临床修复的要求,临床上应视基牙情况选择适合的修复方式。     

嵌体冠修复磨牙残冠的临床研究

目的探讨和研究固位力欠佳的磨牙残冠的临床修复方法及效果。方法用金刚砂车针对患牙作常规的牙体预备,牙冠外形按全冠进行牙体预备,髓室部分制作箱状固位形,取印模、灌制模型,完成铸造嵌体冠,临床试戴、调改、黏结。结果经过2～5年随访观察,122颗患牙经过修复治疗后获得满意效果,个别患牙出现修复体食物嵌塞、牙龈炎症、颈缘密合不良。结论利用髓室固位的铸造金属嵌体冠对于治疗磨牙残冠是一种简单易行、效果良好的修复方法,严格的选择适应证以及准确的牙体预备和精确的加工制作是修复成功的前提和关键。     

铸瓷嵌体修复短冠磨牙牙体缺损的临床效果观察

目的 对铸瓷嵌体修复短冠磨牙牙体缺损效果进行评价,为临床提供理论依据。方法 选自2015年9月至2016年9月期间,在我院采取铸瓷嵌体修复的短磨牙139例患者的168颗患牙,应用美国健康协会修正标准,评价其粘接后,修复后3个月、修复后6个月及修复后12个月时的形态、边缘适合性、颜色、周围龋和磨损程度及折裂情况。结果 修复后3个月内有3个嵌体出现裂纹和折裂的情况,进行了重新制作。3~6个月间有1个嵌体脱落。12月内有4颗患牙出现龈缘炎。其余均取得良好的修复效果,在边缘适合性、形态、颜色、周围龋和磨损程度及折裂等性能方面,在戴用3个月、6个月和12个月后较即刻均无显著性改变（P>0.05）。结论 利用铸瓷嵌体修复短冠磨牙牙体缺损是一种简单易行,效果良好的修复方法。     

髓室固位的嵌体冠修复磨牙残冠

目的：探索嵌体冠在磨牙残冠的可用性。方法：选择髓腔深大,缺损位于龈上1.0mm,轴壁厚度不少于1.0mm,经过完善根管治疗的磨牙残冠68颗,以嵌体冠形式修复治疗。结果：68颗患牙随访0.5～3年,有1例脱落,67颗成功。结论：嵌体冠可应用于髓腔深大的磨牙残冠修复。     

插销式二氧化锆嵌体冠应用于短冠磨牙修复的研究

目的评价低牙合龈距短冠磨牙修复中使用插销式二氧化锆嵌体冠的可行性。方法收集16颗短冠磨牙,经过完善的根管治疗及牙周治疗2周后行牙体及根管预备。将插销桩和二氧化锆嵌体冠结合成一体的插销式二氧化锆嵌体冠,用插销式二氧化锆嵌体冠对16颗低牙合龈距（小于4 mm）短冠磨牙修复治疗。修复后进行6～12个月的临床追踪观察。结果除1颗患牙因根尖周炎拔除外,其余15颗患牙的插销式二氧化锆嵌体冠均边缘密合,外形美观,固位良好,无松动脱落,基牙牙龈健康,咀嚼功能正常。结论插销式二氧化锆嵌体冠可用于短冠磨牙的修复。     

三种粘结剂粘结嵌体的微渗漏对比研究

目的：评价复合树脂嵌体及纯钛嵌体采用3种不同粘结剂的微渗漏情况。方法：选择72颗健康上颌前磨牙,随机分为6个实验组,每组12颗。按嵌体备洞要求制备Ⅱ类洞。前三组制作纯钛嵌体,分别用玻璃离子、树脂改良型玻璃离子和树脂粘结剂粘结固位。后三组制作复合树脂嵌体,分别用玻璃离子、树脂改良型玻璃离子和树脂粘结剂粘结固位。结果：同一种材料嵌体用不同粘结剂处理,其微渗漏程度差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;在相同粘结处理不同种嵌体的组间比较,其微渗漏差异P〉0.05。结论：树脂改良型玻璃离子粘结剂与树脂粘结剂抗微渗漏性能优于玻璃离子粘结剂。     

根管治疗后冠部封闭材料的渗漏研究

目的:为临床上根管治疗后采用不同的冠部充填或暂时封闭材料的封闭性能提供理论依据。方法:对常规根管治疗后的80个离体牙分别采用磷酸锌黏固粉(锌封)、锌基 复合体、锌基 银汞合金3种材料充填后进行染料渗漏实验,比较冠渗漏情况。结果:所有的实验组都发生了不同程度的渗漏,经统计学分析,显示对照组和各实验组之间、锌封组与其它两实验组之间的冠渗漏均存在显著性差异;而锌基 复合体组、锌基 银汞合金组之间的差异无显著性。结论:对于根管治疗后不能及时进行冠修复的牙齿应采用永久充填的方法来进行暂时性的冠部封闭,以减少冠渗漏的发生,提高根管治疗的远期成功率;对于临床上冠部充填体损坏时间过长(超过1月)需重新做牙体修复的患牙,建议考虑重新根管治疗或髓腔消毒后再行牙体修复。     

An in vitro evaluation of four materials as barriers to coronal microleakage in root-filled teeth

AIM: To assess the ability of IRM, Coltosol, Vidrion R and Scotch Bond to seal the pulp chamber following root-canal treatment. METHODOLOGY: Root-canal treatment was completed on 100 extracted human mandibular molars. The teeth were divided into five groups of 20 teeth each, one group for each barrier material and one control group without barrier material. Two millimetres of the restorative material was placed on the pulp chamber floor. The teeth were thermocycled and evaluated for microleakage using India ink. Specimens were cleared and measurements made to the maximum point of dye penetration. The mean dye penetration for each group was compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: All groups showed dye penetration. Coltosol and IRM sealed significantly better than the other groups, preventing the coronal leakage in 84% and 75% of the specimens, respectively. Scotch Bond exhibited the highest leakage (54% of specimens with dye penetration), which did not differ significantly from the positive control group (62% with dye penetration). CONCLUSIONS: None of the materials were able to prevent microleakage in all specimens. Vidrion R and Scotch Bond demonstrated the poorest results when used as barriers to coronal microleakage, whilst IRM and Coltosol were significantly better in preventing microleakage.     

3种暂封材料在根管治疗中冠方微渗漏的体外效果观察

目的观察3种暂封材料在根管治疗中冠方微渗漏的体外效果。方法选取近期拔除的完整前磨牙45颗,备洞开髓建立直线通路,随机分为3组,分别用氧化锌丁香油水门汀、牙胶条、Caviton亲水性暂封材充满窝洞,经封闭处理后浸入2%亚甲蓝溶液,1周后取出纵剖牙齿,测量染料渗入深度。结果牙胶条染料渗漏最多,氧化锌丁香油水门汀其次,Caviton亲水性暂封材渗漏最少。3种暂封材料冠方微渗漏差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Caviton亲水性暂封材封闭效果优于氧化锌丁香油水门汀和牙胶条。     

根管治疗术后冠渗漏的实验研究

目的:为临床上采用不同的根管充填材料提供理论依据。方法:分别用Vitapex(V组)、Cor tisomol(C组)和Sealiteultra(S组)作根管封闭剂进行根管充填,通过葡萄糖微渗漏试验检测冠渗漏情况,比较其封闭性能。结果:采用Sealiteultra做根管封闭剂时根管充填出现的冠渗漏时间较其他两组晚,微渗漏的量也明显低于其他两组。结论:Sealiteultra根管封闭性能较好,值得推荐;如果用Cortisomol和Vitapex作根管封闭剂进行根管充填,建议尽快进行窝洞或人工冠修复。     

The use of 3D computerized reconstruction for the study of coronal microleakage

AIM: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new method for studying coronal microleakage associated with root-filled teeth. METHODOLOGY: Twenty human mandibular posterior teeth were prepared chemomechanically with the stepback technique and then divided into two groups of 10 teeth each. The canals were filled using lateral condensation of gutta-percha points; Roth's 801 was used as a sealer for the first group, and Ketac-Endo for the second. After 48 h, the temporary fillings in the access cavities were removed, the roots coated with three layers of nail polish and then the teeth were exposed to artificial saliva for 40 days. Subsequently, the crowns of the teeth were placed into Indian ink for 4 days before the coating was removed and the teeth embedded in a two-phase polyester resin. Serial cross sections were taken from each specimen using a microtome, and each cross section photographed under a stereoscopic microscope. The photographs of the cross sections were digitized using an image scanner and the contours of the external surface of the teeth, the obturated root canals and the boundaries of dye penetration were followed. Finally, a three-dimensional surface representation was achieved using the triangulation method. RESULTS: Although the sample size and the experimental methods were not designed to form valid groups, the results showed that all roots obturated with Ketac-Endo sealer had dye microleakage, whilst only three teeth of the Roth's 801 group had dye microleakage. CONCLUSIONS: The 3D reconstruction of dye microleakage proved to be an interesting method and a useful tool for the evaluation of coronal microleakage when using different types of root canal sealers.     

不同根管预备器械对根管充填后冠方微渗漏影响的实验研究

目的:比较不同根管预备器械对根管充填后冠方微渗漏的影响。方法:选择60个单根管前磨牙(弯曲度为10～20°)随机分为6组,分别以不锈钢K锉、VDW K锉、手动Protaper、机用Protaper、Hero642、Mtwo预备根管。采用冷侧压法进行根管充填,染色法比较不同根管预备器械对根管冠方封闭性能的影响。结果:不同根管预备器械对充填后根管冠方微渗漏影响不同,其中Hero 642预备组、Protaper预备组、VDWK锉组冠渗漏长度少于不锈钢K锉组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Hero 642预备组产生的冠方微渗漏最小。结论:不同根管预备器械预备根管后对冠渗漏影响不同,镍钛旋转器械预备根管后产生的冠方微渗漏较小,不锈钢K锉根管预备后产生的冠方微渗漏较大。     

A laboratory study of coronal microleakage using four temporary restorative materials

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the sealing abilities of Fermin and Canseal with the more popular temporary coronal filling materials, Cavit and Caviton. METHODOLOGY: Standardized access cavities were prepared in 160 intact human permanent molar teeth. They were divided into five groups consisting of 32 samples. The teeth were restored using one of the temporary filling materials, namely: Fermin, Canseal at two powder to liquid ratios, Caviton and Cavit. Thermal cycling and/or load cycling were applied on the samples. Assessment of microleakage utilized methylene blue dye penetration. Grading of the microleakage pattern was from 1 to 3, with 3 providing the best seal. Results were analyzed using two-way anova and by Fisher's PLSD post hoc test (P < 0.05). RESULT: Microleakage along Fermin, Caviton and Cavit samples did not go beyond Leakage Grade 2. Dye penetration into these materials was noted. This was not observed in the two groups of Canseal tested. However, the two groups of Canseal exhibited total leakage notably after being subjected to thermal cycling. There was a statistically significant difference in the microleakage scores obtained between the materials and conditions tested (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Fermin was found to exhibit the best seal amongst the four materials tested followed by Caviton, and Cavit. Thermal cycling influenced the seal of certain types of temporary filling materials more than load cycling.     

五种髓腔暂封材料冠方微渗漏的体外评价

目的:评价CIMAVIT(碧兰)、Coltosol(康特)、CavitG(3M)、IRM(登士柏)和氧化锌丁香油酚粘固剂(ZOE,北京)等5种髓腔暂封材料的冠方微渗漏。方法:选取近期拔除的磨牙及前磨牙42个,排除龋齿、隐裂及牙合面过度磨耗牙。开髓并制作髓腔直线通路,洞缘1mm以外牙面封闭。随机分为5组,每组8个牙,分别用上述5种材料充填髓腔入口至充满。2个牙做对照,髓腔不充填。材料固化后,将试验牙浸入2%亚甲兰染料中,经过4℃和56℃各2min共40次温度循环及室温下16h浸泡,纵剖牙齿,观察染料沿洞壁与充填体间隙渗入的深度并分析各材料组间的差异。结果:5种材料的冠方渗漏有显著性差异(P<0.01)。CIMAVIT和Coltosol染料渗漏最少,IRM产生最多的微渗漏。结论:CIMAVIT和Coltosol可获得较理想的髓腔封闭效果。