改良红唇瓣矫治单侧唇裂继发性红唇凹陷

目的 探讨一种改良的红唇肌肉黏膜瓣矫正单侧唇裂继发性红唇凹陷畸形的手术疗效.方法 采用Z形交叉肌肉黏膜瓣,根据凹陷的程度,通过设计臂的位置、改变臂的长度和角度,交叉换位两个红唇黏膜肌肉瓣,使局部组织重新分配,矫正唇裂术后继发红唇凹陷的组织缺损.利用上述交叉红唇肌肉黏膜瓣法,对33例单侧唇裂术后继发红唇凹陷畸形进行整复并分析临床效果.结果 33例手术全部成功,随访3个月至2年,31例术后效果良好者,2例患者出现凹陷矫正不全,于原凹陷区域下方残留轻微凹陷.结论 改良的交叉红唇肌肉黏膜瓣矫正单侧唇裂继发性红唇凹陷畸形是一种简便易行、效果可靠的手术方法,值得在临床推广.     

隧道式颈阔肌瓣修复颊部黏膜大面积缺损的临床分析

目的:应用一种新的颈阔肌瓣术式修复大面积颊黏膜缺损.方法:通过设计蒂部隧道,加宽蒂部宽度,获得血供稳定的颈阔肌瓣,修复6 例大面积颊部黏膜缺损.结果: 9 例颊黏膜缺损修复中, 6 例全部成活, 3 例部分坏死.结论:蒂部加宽、保留血供的隧道式颈阔肌瓣,可修复距离供区较远面积较大的口腔内软组织缺损.     

血管化黏膜瓣在早-中期舌癌及口底癌缺损修复中的早期应用研究

目的 探究以面动脉为蒂的黏膜肌(FAMM)瓣在修复临床早-中期舌癌及口底癌缺损中的临床效果及安全性.方法 通过回顾性队列研究的方式纳入使用FAMM瓣(FAMM组)或者皮瓣(皮瓣组)修复早-中期舌癌、口底癌切除后中小型舌、口底缺损的患者,收集患者一般资料及相关手术资料,术后3个月和6个月评估患者满意度、张口度、外形满意度...     

颊癌术后软组织缺损带蒂瓣修复的临床观察

目的:评价带蒂(肌)皮瓣或黏膜瓣修复颊癌切除后软组织缺损的效果。方法:回顾性分析1998年-2003年,39例颊癌术后缺损行带蒂瓣修复的病历资料,其中颈阔肌瓣修复12例,舌瓣修复9例,额瓣10例,胸大肌瓣3例,颏下岛状皮瓣2例,腭瓣、胸锁乳突肌皮瓣各1例,舌瓣联合胸锁乳突肌皮瓣修复缺损1例。结果:39例颊癌术后缺损的带蒂瓣修复中,成活或基本成活34例,部分坏死2例,完全坏死3例,成活率为87.2%。结论:带蒂瓣是修复颊癌术后软组织缺损的较好方法。     

不同类型胸大肌皮瓣修复颅颌面缺损

目的研究不同类型胸大肌皮瓣修复不同部位和类型颅颌面缺损的临床效果。方法传统的带蒂胸大肌皮瓣修复颊、面下部、舌、口底等部位缺损354例;带蒂双叶胸大肌皮瓣修复面颊部洞穿性缺损7例;带蒂肋骨胸大肌皮瓣修复舌、口底、下颌骨复合性缺损2例;带蒂胸大肌筋膜瓣修复舌、口底缺损15例;游离胸大肌皮瓣修复颅底、上颌骨、颧面部缺损4例,胸肩峰动静脉分别与颌外动脉、颈外静脉或面总静脉吻合。结果带蒂胸大肌皮瓣完全成活338例,3例完全坏死,4例部份坏死。带蒂双叶胸大肌皮瓣6例完全成活,1例完全坏死。带蒂肋骨胸大肌皮瓣及游离胸大肌皮瓣全部成活。带蒂胸大肌筋膜瓣完全成活,肌瓣表面在术后3~4个月出现黏膜化,但其中2例肌瓣表面在术后3个月时仍有大量肉芽组织增生,彻底清创后方黏膜化。结论不同部位、不同类型的组织缺损应选用不同种类的胸大肌皮瓣修复,其操作简便、成功率高,扩大了适应证。     

颊肌肌粘膜瓣修复口腔癌术后缺损的临床研究

目的应用颊肌肌粘膜瓣修复口腔癌术后缺损10例.方法根据缺损大小和部位设计单侧或双侧,蒂在前或蒂在后的不规则梯形肌粘膜瓣。将其旋转修复不同部位缺损，6例修复舌、牙龈、口底、咽侧区，2例单侧修复翼下颌皱襞，2例双侧瓣修复口底正中缺损；结果本组病例肌粘膜瓣全部成活，l例近期有轻度开口受限，2周后恢复正常，口腔粘膜无明显修复痕迹及收缩现象。结论颊肌肌粘膜辨是口腔内软组织缺损理想的修复材料。     

改良直线缝合法功能性修复重度双侧唇裂

目的:探讨应用改良直线缝合法功能性修复重度双侧唇裂的方法和临床效果.方法:在直线缝合法基础上通过设计侧唇的红唇黏膜肌瓣,旋转于前唇下方修复前唇唇红及唇珠;在前唇瓣侧方设计蒂在鼻中隔方向的近三角形皮瓣（C瓣）,在鼻前庭底部设计皮瓣（G瓣）同时,在鼻底裂隙两侧设计鼻黏膜瓣（D瓣和H瓣）,以封闭鼻底;离断口轮匝肌的异常附着,重建口轮匝肌的连续性. 结果:术后患者上唇及唇红丰满,动态畸形不明显,鼻底封闭良好.结论:此法修复重度双侧唇裂可获得较好的上唇形态,减少“口哨”畸形﹑口鼻瘘及术后动态畸形的发生.     

背阔肌、前锯肌单蒂双岛肌皮瓣修复上颌骨大型缺损

目的 :采用背阔肌、前锯肌单蒂双岛肌皮瓣修复上颌骨扩大切除术后的大型缺损 ,为此类组织缺损寻求一种理想的外科修复方法。方法 :根据胸背血管在背阔肌内走行的解剖部位设计成单蒂双岛肌皮瓣。胸背动脉内、外侧枝的背阔肌肌皮瓣修复口内外或面眶区硬软组织缺损 ;胸外侧动脉的前锯肌肌瓣插入背阔肌内作为充填上颌骨或颅底缺损的空腔 ,并详细介绍手术方法。结果 :共施手术 8例 ,肌皮瓣全部成活 ,肤色、质地、形态以及轮廓的恢复均较满意。结论 :背阔肌、前锯肌单蒂双岛肌皮瓣修复上颌骨扩大切除术后的大型缺损有其优越性 ,其充足的肌量对面部轮廓的恢复可起到满意的效果。     

颊肌骨粘膜瓣修复口腔癌术后缺损的临床研究

应用颊肌肌粘膜瓣修复口服癌术后缺损１０例。方法根据缺损大小和部位设计单侧或双侧,蒂在前或蒂在后的不规则梯形肌粘膜瓣。将其旋转修复不同部位缺损,６例修复舌、牙龈、口底、咽侧区,２侧单侧修复翼下颌皱襞,２例双侧瓣修复口底正中缺损。     

上唇缺损双黏膜瓣修复1例报告

患者 ,男 ,2 7岁 ,因上唇外伤 1ｈ就诊。检查 :上唇左侧有一约 2 .0ｃｍ～ 2 .5ｃｍ不规则缺损区 ,以唇红组织缺损为主 ,深达口轮匝肌 ;上唇皮肤缺损约 0 .3ｃｍ× 2ｃｍ。局麻下清创 ,上唇皮肤缺损少 ,仅作潜行分离 ,减张后拉拢缝合 ,因伤区黏膜组织缺损较多仅以局部黏膜瓣修复缺损会出现继发畸形。因此在健侧取 1.5ｃｍ× 3ｃｍ带蒂黏膜肌瓣 ,蒂部接近上唇中线 ,去除黏膜瓣上皮层 ,在蒂部下方作一隧道 ,使肌蒂组织瓣通过隧道到达缺损区 ,修复黏膜下缺损。于患侧上唇内侧作一带蒂黏膜瓣向上旋转覆盖缺损区 ,形成较为丰满对称的上唇外形 ,半…     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。