58例阴茎鳞状细胞癌治疗的临床分析

目的:提高阴茎鳞状细胞癌的治疗水平,寻求鳞状细胞癌合理有效的治疗方法。方法:回顾分析58例病理活检证实阴茎鳞状细胞癌治疗的临床资料。结果:按照Jackson分期,Ⅰ期25例,Ⅱ期18例,Ⅲ期11例,Ⅳ期4例。53例行手术治疗;行阴茎肿瘤局部切除及阴茎癌部分切除43例;阴茎全切除并尿道会阴部造口术及髂腹股沟淋巴清扫术10例(腹股沟淋巴结均阳性,髂淋巴结阳性1例)。术前新辅助治疗(热疗加化疗)联合术后化疗37例,仅术后化疗12例,单纯手术治疗4例;5例未手术治疗患者行化疗和/或放疗。48例随访2~5年,4例行阴茎部分切除者2年内复发,4例2年内死亡,7例2~5年内死亡,2年生存率为91.7%,5年生存率为77.1%,10例失访或随访期未满2~5年。结论:外科手术治疗、术前新辅助治疗联合术后化疗是目前治疗阴茎鳞状细胞癌的有效方法,淋巴结的清扫根据临床分级具体处理,手术联合术前新辅助治疗及术后化、放疗是否可减少复发及提高生存率,还需进一步研究。     

阴茎鳞状细胞癌预后因素的分析

目的:探讨影响阴茎鳞状细胞癌(penile squamous cell carcinoma, PSCC)预后的因素,并对影响PSCC患者预后的危险因素进行分析。方法:回顾性分析106例确诊为PSCC患者的临床资料,去找出影响预后的因素。考虑的因素包括T分期、组织学分级、浸润深度、淋巴管/血管的浸润、阴茎海绵体的浸润、尿道海绵体的浸润、尿道的浸润和腹股沟淋巴结转移。运用Kaplan-Meier法初步筛选出预后因素,再运用Cox回归模型进行多因素分析这些筛选出的预后因素与预后的关系。结果:101例获随访,随访率95.3%,随访8～86个月,中位随访53个月,死亡39例,其中死于肿瘤32例。Kaplan-Meier单因素生存分析T分期(P0.05)、组织学分级(P=0.006)、肿瘤浸润深度(P=0.005)、肿瘤浸润淋巴管/血管(P0.05)、肿瘤浸润尿道海绵体(P0.05)、肿瘤浸润尿道(P0.05)、腹股沟淋巴结转移(P0.05)与PSCC预后密切相关;Cox多因素生存分析只有组织学分级(P=0.009)、肿瘤浸润淋巴管/血管(P=0.006)、腹股沟淋巴结转移(P0.05)差异有统计学意义。结论:肿瘤组织学分级、肿瘤浸润淋巴管/血管、腹股沟淋巴结转移是PSCC预后独立预测因素。     

复发性尖锐湿疣恶变为阴茎鳞状细胞癌1例

尖锐湿疣长期复发未治愈,易发生恶变.我院于2001年2月收治1例复发性尖锐湿疣恶变为阴茎鳞状细胞癌的病人,现报告如下.     

阴茎假血管肉瘤样鳞状细胞癌(附1例报告)

目的 探讨阴茎假血管肉瘤样鳞状细胞癌(PASCC)的诊治方法.方法 回顾分析l例阴茎PASCC癌患者的临床资料,分析其发病情况、临床病理特征、诊断和治疗.结果 首次行阴茎部分切除、双侧腹股沟淋巴结清扫术(T2N2M0),辅以盆腔放疗,术后2个月,因阴茎皮瓣坏死(伴局部复发)再次行阴茎全部切除术.首次术后11个月,因肺部广泛转移死亡.肿瘤组织主要由梭形、多形性的肿瘤细胞和局灶的鳞状细胞癌细胞组成,排列呈血窦状血管样腔隙或网状结构.腹股沟淋巴结仅见普通型高分化鳞状细胞癌细胞(3/9.2/10).复发肿瘤的结构和形态与原发肿瘤相似.免疫组化染色示肿瘤细胞CK(AE1/AE3)、34 β E12、Vimentin(+),EMA呈灶性或片状(+).CD31、CD34、FⅧRAg、HMB45、SMA、Desmin(-).结论 阴茎PASCC是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤,确诊需依赖组织病理学及免疫组织化学检查,早就诊、早诊断和及时恰当的治疗是关键,但预后差.     

前列腺鳞状细胞癌的诊断与治疗进展

前列腺鳞状细胞癌临床罕见,早期诊断困难,易发生转移,恶性程度高,预后差.近年对其发病原因、诊断和治疗的研究取得进展,本文就前列腺鳞状细胞癌的诊断与治疗进展作一综述.     

包皮环切术后发生阴茎鳞状细胞癌17例报道

目的:分析包皮环切术后发生的阴茎癌的诊治。方法:回顾性分析我院1997年1月~2004年12月行包皮环切术后1个月~16年发生阴茎癌17例患者的临床资料。结果:本组患者中术后1~12个月发现阴茎癌者11例,术后3~16年发现者6例;16例行阴茎部分切除术+腹股沟淋巴结活检术,1例行扩大包皮环切术后复发相继行阴茎部分切除、全切术。复发的1例死亡,其余16例存活至今。结论:成年人行包皮环切术后仍有发生阴茎癌可能,对伴有包皮炎症、溃疡等病变的患者行包皮环切术应常规行病理检查,术后需密切随访,阴茎部分切除术是治疗早期阴茎鳞状细胞癌有效的方法,术中有必要行前哨淋巴结活检。     

肾盂鳞状细胞癌的诊断与治疗(附16例报告)

目的：探讨肾盂鳞状细胞癌的术前诊断及治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析16例肾盂鳞状细胞癌患者的诊断和治疗等临床资料。所有患者术前均行IVU检查，13例行B超检查，4例行CT和MRI检查；11例行根治性肾切除加局部淋巴结清扫术。结果：行IVU检查者仅提示4例有占位性变病，13例行B超检查者仅显示2例有占位性病变，4例行CT或MRI检查者均提示有肿瘤改变。近50％的患者术后1年内死亡。结论：术前诊断肾盂鳞状细胞癌的敏感方法为CT和MRI，其治疗方法首选根治性肾切除术，但预后差。     

肝脏原发性鳞状细胞癌1例报告

1 临床资料 病人女,55岁。于20年前无明显诱因出现右上腹绞痛,呈持续性,阵发性加重,无发热、寒战、黄疸,以“胆道蛔虫症”行抗炎对症治疗后好转。其后腹痛反复发作,偶伴发热,均经抗炎对症治疗后好转。半年前出现中上腹间歇性胀痛,伴发热,体温最高时达39℃;近半月来疼痛转为持续性隐痛,伴低热、恶心,无呕吐。否认肝病及肿瘤病史。查体:T36.8℃,P92次/分,BP136/90mmHg。轻度贫血貌,皮肤巩膜无黄染,心肺听诊无异常,腹软,无压痛,未触及包块,肝脾肋下未触及,肝区叩痛阴性,移动性浊音阴性。辅助检查:血常规:WBC 10.6X109/L,RBC3.61X1012/L,Hb95g/L,PLT333X     

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: a clinical and pathological study of 5 cases

PURPOSE: We analyzed clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical features in 5 cases of sarcomatoid or spindle cell squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and pathological files of all patients with penile carcinoma treated at our hospital between 1956 and 2002 were reviewed. Cases diagnosed as sarcomatoid squamous cell cancer were selected. RESULTS: Five of 341 patients (1.4%) had sarcomatoid penile carcinoma. Tumor stage was T2N0 in 2 patients, T2N2 in 2 and T4N3 in 1. In all patients partial or total penectomy was eventually performed. Three patients underwent bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy. Four of 5 patients had distant metastatic disease and died within 1 year after diagnosis. One patient had exclusive hematogenous spread without lymph node involvement. Foci of distant metastatic tumor sites were the lung, skin, bone, pericardium and pleura. In 4 patients the diagnosis was based on the expression of keratin filaments in a predominantly spindle cell penile tumor or by the identification of carcinomatous and sarcomatoid areas on hematoxylin and eosin stained slides of the primary tumor. In 1 case a squamous component in a lymph node metastasis rendered the keratin negative spindle cell primary tumor sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is a subtype of squamous cell carcinoma with a poor prognosis often associated with wide hematogeneous spread. It is a rare malignancy that is often difficult to diagnose, requiring additional immunohistochemical stains.     

原发性乳腺鳞状细胞癌的临床分析

目的 探讨乳腺鳞状细胞癌的临床病理学特点和诊断治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析7例经手术和病理证实乳腺鳞状细胞癌临床表现,手术和病理资料。结果 本组患者5例表现无痛性肿块,2例伴局部疼痛。肿块细针穿刺均找到癌细胞。5例行根治术,2例行改良术。病理报告：乳腺浸润性鳞状细胞癌,1例出现腋窝淋巴结转移。4例获得随访,其中2例健在,2例死亡;3例失访。结论 乳腺鳞状细胞癌确诊依靠病理学检查,手术(改良术、根治术)是最有效的治疗方法,术后需辅以放化疗。     

早期和浅表性食管鳞状细胞癌内镜治疗现状

食管癌目前已成为我国主要恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和病死率逐年增加,发病原因多而复杂。早期食管鳞状细胞癌是指局限于食管黏膜层的鳞状细胞癌,而侵犯到黏膜下层的鳞状细胞癌属于浅表性食管癌。随着内镜检查的普及和技术的进步,早期和浅表性食管鳞状细胞癌的诊断率不断提高,目前内镜下治疗的方法主要有内镜下切除和非切除治疗,其中内镜下切除治疗主要有内镜下黏膜切除术、内镜下黏膜剥离术等,相对于手术治疗,内镜下切除治疗具有安全、创伤小、操作简单、并发症少等优点,提高了患者的生存质量。但对于淋巴结转移风险较大的患者,若行内镜下治疗后,建议术后密切随访。随着针对较大病变的内镜下隧道式黏膜下剥离术等技术的开展,内镜下治疗将会为早期食管肿瘤的患者提供更好的治疗方案。     

Pseudoangiosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma: first case report on penis

Pseudoangiosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma, also called pseudovascular, pseudoangiomatoid or adenoid pseudovascular carcinoma, is an uncommon and highly aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically, it is characterized by proliferation of atypical keratinocytes with acantholysis and formation of pseudovascular spaces, forming anastomosed channels lined with neoplastic cells that invade the dermis. These cells are positive for cytokeratin and negative for vascular markers such as CD31 and CD34. There are few reports of this variant in the literature. Skin, breast, lung and vulva involvement have been described, but to the best of our knowledge, no cases involving the penis has been described. This study aims to describe the first case of angiosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. The patient presented with a painful lesion in the penis associated with urinary retention. Macroscopic findings exhibited an ulcerative vegetating lesion that involving the entire glans and part of the penile body, as well as infiltration of penile structures and scrotal skin. Microscopy shows atypical proliferation of sarcomatous keratinocyte pattern mimicking vascular spaces. Human papilloma virus (HPV) biomarkers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were all negative. Advanced penile squamous cell carcinoma with aggressive lymph node metastasis. This report presents the first case of penile pseudoangiosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma, as an important differential diagnosis.     

Phallic preserving surgery in patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis

PURPOSE: Standard surgical methods to eradicate invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis often result in significant deformities. Wide local excision with skin grafting in select cases results in the preservation of normal phallic appearance and function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis were treated with wide excision and resurfaced by 1 of 3 methods, namely 1) a split-thickness graft, 2) a full-thickness graft or 3) shaft skin advancement. RESULTS: At 1 to 5 years of followup there was 1 local recurrence proximal to the original resection site. Local excision of recurrence resulted in no evidence of disease at 2 years of followup following repeat excision. All other patients had no local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: In select cases wide local excision with grafting or skin advancement results in a normal phallic appearance without jeopardizing cancer control.