妊娠合并肺动脉高压妊娠结局分析

目的分析妊娠合并肺动脉高压(PH)临床特点,探讨其围生期监护及妊娠终止时机、方式。方法收集福建医科大学附属第一医院2005年1月至2011年4月37例妊娠合并PH患者的临床资料,根据肺动脉压力情况分为轻度组19例[30～<50mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)],中度组10例(50～<80mmHg),重度组8例(≥80mmHg)。分析心脏病情况及母婴结局。结果 (1)37例肺动脉高压患者中,风湿性心脏病18例,先天性心脏病11例,围生期心肌病5例,肥厚型心肌病1例,特发性肺动脉高压1例,未发现心脏器质性改变1例。(2)轻度组心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级占68.4%(13/19)。中度组心功能Ⅱ～Ⅲ级占70%(7/10)。重度组心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级占75%(6/8)。(3)32例患者(86.5%)行剖宫产术。1例轻度肺动脉高压孕妇经阴道分娩。1例产妇死亡(2.7%)。4例中期引产(12.1%)。7例早产,新生儿窒息3例,低出生体重儿4例,新生儿死亡1例。结论妊娠合并肺动脉高压属于高危妊娠,随着肺动脉压力升高心功能衰竭的发生率增加,围生儿疾病发生率和胎儿丢失率也明显增加,母儿预后取决于孕期是否伴有合并症。晚期妊娠患者以剖宫产终止妊娠为宜。     

妊娠合并肺动脉高压的临床结局分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并肺动脉高压(PAH)患者的临床特征及母婴结局。方法:回顾分析2014年1月1日至2016年12月31日我院收治的64例妊娠合并PAH患者的临床资料,轻度PAH 19例,中度PAH 19例,重度PAH 26例。结果:64例患者中死亡或病情恶化自动出院共8例,均为重度PAH组。3组的中转ICU、定期产检率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。64例患者中,1例早孕患者因重度PAH合并艾森曼格综合征给予人工流产清宫术,剖宫取胎术3例,引产4例,剖宫产53例,经阴道分娩2例,1例入院时出现肺栓塞死亡。64例患者中活产新生儿55例,其中剖宫产53例,阴道分娩2例;轻度PAH活产儿19例,中度PAH活产儿17例,重度PAH活产儿19例。3组的新生儿体重、胎龄、转ICU率、Apgar评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:妊娠合并PAH患者的临床结局与PAH严重程度密切相关。     

妊娠合并肺动脉高压23例分析

目的 探讨合并肺动脉高压(PH)妇女能否妊娠及妊娠的适宜时间。方法 回顾性分析1997～2002年在我院诊治的23例合并有PH的孕妇，分析PH的分类，妊娠结局。结果 3例合并原发性肺动脉高压(PPH)孕妇，2例在剖宫产术中死亡，1例在孕早期终止妊娠后存活。14例因合并风湿性心脏病(风心病)致PH的孕妇，妊娠至足月行剖宫产者10例，1例早产，3例引产，无一例孕妇死亡。6例因合并先天性心脏病(先心痛)致PH的孕妇，轻度PH孕妇3例，均妊娠至足月；重度PH孕妇3例，2例死亡，1例存活。结论 PPH患者应避免妊娠。风心病致PH的孕妇，依心功能、PH高低及血氧饱和度决定是否终止妊娠。对先心病致PH者，最好在手术或药物治疗后妊娠；患Eisenrnenger’s综合征妇女禁止妊娠。     

妊娠合并肺动脉高压的临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并肺动脉高压(PAH)患者的临床情况。方法:回顾分析2016年1月至2018年12月杭州市第一人民医院产科收治的151例妊娠合并PAH患者的临床资料,根据肺动脉压力情况分为轻度组117例(30～49mmHg),中度组26例(50～79mmHg),重度组8例(≥80mmHg),分析病情及妊娠结局。结果:轻度组心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级占97.43%,中度组心功能Ⅱ～Ⅲ级占92.31%,重度组Ⅲ～Ⅳ级占37.5%。151例妊娠合并PAH患者中,最常见的为特发性PAH(58.9%,89/151),其次为先天性心脏病(31.8%,48/151)。重度组孕产妇早产率均高于轻中度组(P<0.05)。孕产妇死亡2例(1.3%,2/151),均为重度PAH,心功能均为Ⅳ级,均为剖宫产术后死亡。结论:孕前应综合评估PAH患者是否具有妊娠条件。孕期需做好产检随访,必要时剖宫产终止妊娠,术后关注孕妇生命体征。肺动脉压力越高,孕妇心功能衰竭、剖宫产率和死亡率随之增加。     

足月妊娠合并原发性肺动脉高压一例

患者 2 4岁 ,妊 1产 0 ,因停经 3 7 5周 ,下肢浮肿 5月余 ,劳累后胸闷 ,心悸3个月 ,近 1周加重 ,于 1 999年 9月 2 0日入院。查体 :T3 7℃ ,P 1 0 6次 / min,BP1 3 / 8k Pa( 1 k Pa=7.5mm Hg) ,体重 1 0 0kg,颈静脉怒张 ,胸廓基本对称 ,双肺呼吸音粗糙 ,未闻及音 ,心率 1 0     

妊娠合并心脏病伴肺动脉高压的研究进展

肺动脉高压(PH)是一种不断进展和恶化的致死性疾病。妊娠合并心脏病伴PH孕产妇的死亡率极高,严重威胁母婴健康。本文通过分析国内外对于妊娠合并心脏病伴PH研究的相关资料,就PH的定义与分类、病理生理学改变,妊娠血流动力学,性激素改变对PH的影响,妊娠合并心脏病伴PH的诊断,治疗策略等多个方面的研究进展做一综述。     

妊娠合并心脏病伴肺动脉高压的研究进展

肺动脉高压是一种逐渐进展的致命疾病,妊娠合并心脏病伴肺动脉高压有极高的孕产妇死亡率,治疗非常棘手。现围绕妊娠合并心脏病伴肺动脉高压的研究进展,就肺动脉高压概况、妊娠时血流动力学改变对肺动脉高压的影响、妊娠合并心脏病伴肺动脉高压的诊断和风险评估、治疗选择和妊娠结局等方面做一综述。     

妊娠合并肺动脉高压18例临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并肺动脉高压患者的妊娠结局.方法:对1992～2009年在我院产科诊治的妊娠合并肺动脉高压18例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果:18例患者轻度肺动脉高压8例,中度肺动脉高压5例,重度肺动脉高压5例.围生儿死亡2例,孕产妇死亡2例,医源性引产1例,其余均在分娩后,心功能经改善后出院.结论:妊娠时,随着肺动脉压力的增加,孕产妇和围生儿的预后渐差,如果妊娠合并肺动脉高压合并艾森曼格综合征,则孕产妇预后更差.妊娠期间应尽可能维持心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级.手术终止妊娠是比较安全的分娩方式,麻醉以硬膜外麻醉为宜.     

妊娠合并肺动脉高压4例病例报告

<正>妊娠合并肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)是一种严重的产科合并症,因孕期心脏负荷增加,孕产妇病死率高。WHO将静息状态下肺动脉平均压25mmHg和(或)肺动脉收缩压30mmHg或运动时肺动脉平均压30mmHg作为诊断标准,最常以肺动脉收缩压≥30mmHg作为标准~([1])。根据肺动脉压力,PAH分为轻、中、重度,轻度指     

妊娠合并肺动脉高压36例临床分析

目的:探讨妊娠合并肺动脉高压(PAH)患者的临床情况。方法:回顾分析2011年1月至2017年6月南京医科大学第一附属医院产科收治的36例妊娠合并PAH患者的临床资料,根据肺动脉压力情况分为轻度组8例(30～49mmHg),中度组12例(50～79mmHg),重度组16例(≥80mmHg),分析病情及妊娠结局。结果:轻度组心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级占87.5%(7/8),中度组心功能Ⅱ～Ⅲ级占66.7%(8/12),重度组Ⅲ～Ⅳ级占62.5%(10/16)。随着肺动脉压升高,心功能分级随之上升,差异比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。36例妊娠合并PAH患者中,主要原因为先天性心脏病(50%,18/36)。重度组孕产妇合并症、住院时间、死亡率均高于轻中度组(P0.05),重度组的新生儿窒息率、医源性流产率亦高于轻中度组(P0.05)。孕产妇死亡3例(7.2%,3/36),均为重度PAH(18.8%,3/16),心功能均为Ⅳ级,其中2例术中死亡,1例产后死亡。结论:妊娠合并PAH患者的妊娠结局不容乐观,孕前应综合评估。肺动脉压力越高,孕妇心功能衰竭、剖宫产率和死亡率随之增加,医源性流产及新生儿窒息率亦随之增加。手术终止妊娠为较安全的分娩方式。     

Pulmonary arterial hypertension in pregnancy

Pulmonary hypertension is a medical condition characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure and secondary right heart failure. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a subset of pulmonary hypertension, which is characterized by an underlying disorder of the pulmonary arterial vasculature. Pulmonary hypertension can also occur secondarily to structural cardiac disease, autoimmune disorders, and toxic exposures. Although pregnancies affected by pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension are rare, the pathophysiology exacerbated by pregnancy confers both high maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. In light of new treatment modalities and the use of a multidisciplinary approach to care, maternal outcomes may be improving.     

Primary pulmonary hypertension and pregnancy

To the best of our knowledge no recent literature on pregnancy in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension is available. In this case report a patient is presented who possibly suffered from primary pulmonary hypertension. The clinical course is described and some data from the literature are presented. The patient died post partum probably due to this disease; however, the postmortem examination, which undoubtedly could have proven this, was refused.     

Pregnancy and pulmonary arterial hypertension: A clinical conundrum

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and devastating disease characterized by progressive increases in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance which eventually leads to right ventricular failure and death. PAH inflicts most commonly women, majority of who are of childbearing age. Pregnancy in the setting of PAH is absolutely contraindicated due to high maternal fetal morbidity and guidelines do not exist for the management of such cases. A MEDLINE/PubMed search was performed identifying all relevant articles with “pulmonary arterial hypertension” and “pregnancy” in the title. Six case series were reviewed as well as our own center’s experience outlined. Though there exists generalized treatment measures that are followed in such cases, management varies among different national centers as well an on an international level. At our center patients are managed using a multidisciplinary approach at a high risk obstetric center with preference for intravenous prostacyclin therapy. Women of child bearing age with possible signs and symptoms of PAH must be promptly diagnosed and managed expectantly with an emphasis on maternal–fetal safety.     

雾化吸入伊洛前列素对评估小儿先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压性质的价值研究

目的　探讨雾化吸入伊洛前列素进行急性血管扩张试验的价值。方法　研究对象为2007年2月至2008年5月在广东省心血管病研究所住院的50例先天性心脏 病合并肺动脉高压患儿,对所有患儿进行左右心导管检查,之后肺动脉内注射酚妥拉明或雾化吸入伊洛前列素进行急性血管扩张试验,试验后重复左右心导管检 查。根据Fick公式计算血流动力学参数。综合判断肺动脉高压性质,将患儿分成两组：动力组和梗阻组。动力组患儿进行手术治疗,术后定期随访并修正术前诊 断。结果　酚妥拉明会显著增高受试者的心率,而伊洛前列素对心率的影响较轻微;酚妥拉明和伊洛前列素都能够降低平均肺动脉压力和肺血管阻力,升高肺循 环血流量;酚妥拉明同时会降低平均主动脉压力和体循环阻力,升高体循环血流量,而伊洛前列素对体循环没有明显的影响。在使用伊洛前列素的急性血管扩张 试验中,平均肺动脉压力、肺血管阻力/体循环阻力和肺循环血流量/体循环血流量等参数的变化在动力组和梗阻组中差异无统计学意义（P 值分别为0.016、 0.024和0.030）。而使用酚妥拉明的急性血管扩张试验中,平均肺动脉压力和肺血管阻力两项参数的变化在动力组和梗阻组中差异有统计学意义（P 值分别为 0.017和0.004）。结论　在先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压的患儿中,使用酚妥拉明或伊洛前列素进行急性血管扩张试验都能够有效区分动力性与梗阻性肺动脉高 压。酚妥拉明用药前后,肺循环和体循环的压力、阻力和血流量都有明显变化。而伊洛前列素雾化吸入以影响肺循环为主,可以保持相对平稳的血流动力学,在 安全性上优于酚妥拉明。     

妊娠合并先天性心脏病伴肺动脉高压79例妊娠结局分析

目的分析妊娠合并先天性心脏病伴肺动脉高乐患者的妊娠结局。方法回顾性分析2009年1月至2013年6月北京安贞医院妇产科收治的79例妊娠合并先天性心脏病伴肺动脉高压患者的临床资料,根据肺动脉压力将其分为轻度组、中度组、重度组。分析各组先天性心脏病种类、心功能级别、终止妊娠的方式以及母婴结局。结果先心病类型以房间隔缺损（房缺）和室间隔缺损（室缺）为主,肺动脉高压轻度组心功能以Ⅰ～Ⅱ级为主,重度组心功能以Ⅲ～Ⅳ级为主。79例患者中,行医源性流产者16例（20．8％）,经阴道分娩5例（6．5％）,剖宫产56例（72．7％）。重度组医源性流产率高于其他组,足月分娩率低于其他组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。新生儿早产20例（32．8％）,足月产41例（67．2％）,死产1例,随着肺动脉压力的增加,早产的发生率增加,三组之间相互比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肺动脉高压患者应在妇产科及心脏科医师指导下妊娠,不宜妊娠者应及早终止妊娠。孕产妇终止妊娠方式以剖宫产为主,麻醉方式以硬膜外麻醉为宜。     

高血压患者孕前和孕期风险评估及处理

高血压患者妊娠易发生重度子痫前期及多脏器损害,导致母儿严重并发症。高血压患者孕前应综合评估妊娠风险,孕前应将血压控制在正常范围,选择合适妊娠时间。孕期加强监护,应用阿司匹林预防子痫前期。终止妊娠时机及方式应根据病情严重程度及母儿情况综合决定。分娩过程中注意监测血压,产后加强随访。     

Perinatal changes in estradiol and Ang II concentrations in pregnant women with pulmonary arterial hypertension and their correlation

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the perinatal changes of plasma estradiol (E₂) and angiotensin II (Ang II) in pregnant women with pulmonary arterial hypertension before and after cesarean section.

Methods: Depending on pulmonary arterial pressure, the subjects were divided into two groups, moderate group, and severe group. Plasma concentrations of E₂ and Ang II were determined at different time points using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and ELISA, respectively. The correlation between E2 and Ang II concentrations was analyzed.

Results: Intragroup comparison indicated that E2 levels at different time points after surgery decreased in the two groups than before, with a greater reduction in the severe group. Besides, both groups showed a reduction in Ang II concentrations after surgery. As indicated by intragroup comparison, there was a significant difference at each time point in the two groups. The reduction in Ang II concentrations was more conspicuous at 48 h and 72 h after surgery (cesarean section) than before for the two groups. Moreover, E₂ concentrations were correlated positively with AngII concentrations.

Conclusion: Plasma concentrations of E₂ and Ang II decreased after delivery. The plasma concentrations of E₂ and Ang II were correlated with each other.     

Anti-coagulation complications in pregnancies with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension

Background: Epoprostenol, a potent vasodilator, is the treatment of choice for severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in pregnancy. However, its inhibition of platelet aggregation increases the risk of coagulation complications with conjunctive use of anti-coagulants for thromboprophylaxis.

Cases: Case 1 demonstrates a pregnancy complicated by thrombocytopenia. Case 2 describes a pregnancy with newly diagnosed PAH at 35?weeks who delivered by repeat cesarean delivery complicated by a wound hematoma. Case 3 describes a patient who delivered at 32?weeks. She required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and a heart–lung transplant. Her care was further complicated by severe thrombocytopenia with postpartum hemorrhage refractory to usual conservative measures.

Conclusions: This case series describes three patients with severe PAH in pregnancy and the range of different complications that arose from anticoagulation in the setting of epoprostenol.