硫熏对白芍芍药苷和总苷含量的影响研究

[目的]研究白芍产地加工过程中,硫磺熏蒸对其有效成分的影响。[方法]采用高效液相色谱法,对硫熏前后的白芍有效成分芍药苷和白芍总苷含量进行测定。[结果]硫磺熏制后,白芍中芍药苷的含量急剧下降,而白芍总苷的含量下降不明显。[结论]硫熏法对白芍中的芍药苷有较强的破坏,产地加工应严格控制硫熏。     

黄酒产地对酒炙女贞子中红景天苷、特女贞苷和女贞苷的影响

目的:研究生品女贞子经不同产地黄酒炮制前后有效成分的变化规律,探索黄酒规格对酒女贞子有效成分的影响,为其质量标准的提高提供依据。方法:取净制生品女贞子及酒制女贞子(黄酒闷润2 h后蒸制4 h),利用高效液相色谱法测定生品女贞子及酒女贞子中特女贞苷、女贞苷、红景天苷3种成分的含量。结果:女贞子经不同产地的黄酒炮制后,红景天苷含量升高,特女贞苷和女贞苷的含量均有所降低。但3个产地黄酒炮制后的酒女贞子饮片之间的特女贞苷、女贞苷和红景天苷的含量基本没有差别。结论:黄酒的产地对酒女贞子中特女贞苷、女贞苷及红景天苷含量影响不大。     

不同炮制方法对白芍质量的影响

目的通过测定白芍及其炮制品中芍药苷、芍药内酯苷及苯甲酰芍药苷含量,探讨不同炮制方法对白芍质量的影响。方法采用高效液相色谱法,Diamonsil C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-0.1%磷酸溶液(B),梯度洗脱程序为:0min(18%A),5min(18%A),13min(25%A),15min(35%A),18min(45%A),20min(50%A),25min(50%A);检测波长230nm,柱温:25℃。结果生白芍、酒白芍、麸炒白芍中芍药苷含量依次降低,麸炒白芍、酒白芍、生白芍中芍药内酯苷含量依次降低,麸炒白芍、酒白芍、生白芍中苯甲酰芍药苷含量依次降低。结论白芍经炮制后芍药苷含量均有所下降,而芍药内酯苷及苯甲酰芍药苷含量均有所升高。     

不同炮制方法对牡丹皮中丹皮酚及芍药苷含量的影响

目的 探讨不同炮制方法 ("去心"、"清炒"、"酒制"、"制炭")对牡丹皮中主要成分丹皮酚及芍药苷含量的影响.方法 采用RP-HPLC方法 建立了测定牡丹皮中丹皮酚和芍药苷含量的方法 ,并测定不同炮制品中丹皮酚与芍药苷的含量并进行对比.色谱条件:C18色谱柱;丹皮酚测定所用流动相为甲醇-水(50:50)为流动相,检测波长为274nm;芍药苷测定所用流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(18:82)为流动相,检测波长为230 nm.结果 ①丹皮酚和芍药苷的线性范围分别为0.36～2.2ug/L和0.042～1.060ug/L,平均回收率分别为96.30%和98.21%,RSD分别为0.97%和0.64%;②4种炮制方法 中丹皮酚含量的比较:去心>清炒>酒制>制炭.芍药苷含量的比较:各种炮制品芍药苷的含量差异不大,无显著性差异.结论 本方法 简便、快捷、重现性好,用本方法 对不同产地的牡丹皮中丹皮酚和芍药甙进行了测定.结果 表明,牡丹皮中两种成分明显正相关,其中四川牡丹皮中两种成分含量最高.     

芍药内酯苷、芍药苷对血虚免疫抑制小鼠的补血作用及机制

目的研究芍药内酯苷、芍药苷对环磷酰胺致血虚免疫抑制小鼠的补血作用及机制。方法采用环磷酰胺法复制小鼠血虚模型,分别灌胃芍药内酯苷及芍药苷单体高、低剂量(30、15 mg/kg),检测小鼠外周血象、胸腺与脾脏指数,分离血清、血浆检验粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、白细胞介素-3(IL-3)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)的含量变化,比较2者的补血作用及机制。结果芍药内酯苷、芍药苷高剂量组均能明显升高白细胞数(P0.01)和胸腺指数(P0.01、P0.05),升高血清中GM-CSF的含量(P0.01)和血浆中G-CSF含量(P0.001、P0.01),升高血清中IL-3含量(P0.01、P0.05),明显降低血清中IL-6含量(P0.05)和TNF-α含量(P0.001、P0.01)。结论芍药内酯苷与芍药苷通过机体的免疫调节作用对抗环磷酰胺导致的血虚状态,是白芍养血柔肝功效的重要特征有效成分。     

赤芍中芍药苷和白芍苷纯化工艺研究

目的对我国不同产地赤芍药材中芍药苷和白芍苷含量差异进行分析,探讨分离制备芍药苷和白芍苷单体的工艺路线。方法采用高效薄层色谱法对我国6个不同产地赤芍药材中芍药苷和白芍苷含量差异进行快速检测;以湖南赤芍为研究对象,采用AB-8型大孔树脂与硅胶为吸附填料,分别以25%乙醇和氯仿/丙酮系统为洗脱溶剂,分离纯化芍药苷和白芍苷单体成分,再用HPLC法进行检测。结果本法制备的芍药苷和白芍苷纯度均≥98%,产率分别为1.3%和0.4%,目标组分转移率分别为52.2%和38.5%。结论该分离纯化方法可靠,所得成品质量好、纯度高,适合工业化生产;湖南赤芍中白芍苷相对含量显著高于其他产地原料,适合产业化开发。     

综合评分法优化樟帮炮制白芍饮片提取工艺

目的:探讨樟帮炮制白芍饮片中芍药苷和芍药内酸苷最佳提取工艺.方法:通过考察不同因素对芍药苷的影响,选定正交设计因索,以芍药苷、芍药内酯苷含量为指标,采用正交试验综合评分法优化樟帮炮制白芍饮片中芍药苷和芍药内酯苷提取工艺;通过反相高效液相色谱法进行含量测定,Diamonsil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-0.05%磷酸水梯度洗脱,流速1ml/min,检测波长230 mm,柱温为25℃.结果:最佳提取条件为50ml乙醇(50%)、超声、白芍粉末(40目),30min.结论:本实验引入了综合指标隶属度的概念,将不同考察指标转变成具体数据,使之能综合出最优的提取工艺渗数.     

不同产地白芍HPLC指纹图谱及芍药苷和芍药内酯苷含量的比较研究

目的 建立湘白芍、毫白芍与抗白芍HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,并对3种不同产地药材进行主要化学成分的比较.方法 采用HPLC对11批白芍样品进行指纹图谱分析,并测定了主要化学成分芍药苷和芍药内酯苷的含量.结果 所建立的方法精密度、稳定性和重现性良好;11批白芍样品的指纹图谱有8个共有峰.结论 通过建立白芍指纹图谱的定性、芍药苷及芍药内酯苷的定量,为白芍的质量控制提供了更为全面的方法.     

芍药采收后放置对芍药苷含量的影响

目的通过对芍药根不同部位中芍药苷含量进行测定,为芍药的采收加工提供依据。方法采用HPLC法,测定芍药苷含量,结合自然干燥减重情况换算新鲜芍药中的含量。结果芍药苷含量以24～48h为最高。120h后出现另一次升高。结论芍药采收后应在48h内完成加工过程。     

RP-HPLC法测定赤芍药材中没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、苯甲酸

目的建立了用RP-HPLC对赤芍中没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、苯甲酸同时定量的方法,并对不同产地赤芍药材进行考察。方法高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Waters Sunfire columns C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-乙腈-0.1%磷酸梯度洗脱;检测波长采用变波长检测;柱温为40℃;进样量为10μL。同时测定了赤芍中没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、苯甲酸的量。结果没食子酸在0.013～0.506μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 6)、儿茶素在0.025～0.993 6μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 7)、芍药苷在0.200～8.017μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 6)、芍药内酯苷在0.030～1.184μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 6)、苯甲酸在0.037～1.485μg线性关系良好(r=0.999 6)。平均回收率没食子酸为98.08%,RSD为1.65%;儿茶素为101.80%,RSD为3.07%;芍药内酯苷为99.18%,RSD为3.25%;芍药苷为95.95%,RSD为1.39%;苯甲酸为101.85%,RSD为1.35%。结论本方法测定了不同产地、不同批号赤芍样品中5种化学成分的量,该方法分离度好,快速,简便,重现性好。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.