急性脑出血患者脑脊液及血浆中精氨酸加压素神经降压素和生长抑素含量的变化

测定了２０例急性脑出血患者脑脊液及其中１０例患者血浆中精氨酸加压素（ＡＶＰ）、神经降压素（ＮＴ）和生长抑素（ＳＳ）含量，并与３０例对照组比较。结果：脑出血患者脑脊液及血浆中ＡＶＰ、ＮＴ含量显著增高，脑脊液中ＳＳ含量降低；血浆ＡＶＰ、ＮＴ含量增高，ＳＳ含量无明显变化。提示：ＡＶＰ、ＮＴ及ＳＳ参与了脑出血发病的神经化学机制；ＡＶＰ可能与本病患者脑水肿的发生发展有关。     

压宁定对高血压患者血浆4种神经肽含量的影响

临床常用压宁定（Ｕｒａｐｉｄｉｌ,ＵＲＡ）治疗围手术期高血压显示出良好疗效。单项指标观察发现：高血压患者血浆内皮素（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ,ＥＴ）〔１〕和神经肽Ｙ（ｎｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄＹ,ＮＰＹ）〔２〕水平较正常人显著增高,而血浆降钙素基因相关肽（ｃａｌｃｉｔｏｎｉｎｇｅｎｅｒｅｌａｔｅｄｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ,ＣＧＲＰ）〔３〕和神经降压素（ｎｅｕｒｏｔｅｎｓｉｎ,ＮＴ）水平显著降低〔４〕。本研究同步观察高血压患者４种神经肽（４ＮＰ）的变化,探讨其在高血压发病中的关系及ＵＲＡ对４ＮＰ生物活性的影响,为证…     

急性心肌梗死患者外周血管活性肽的动态观察

目的：探讨血管活性肽在急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）病理重量中的作用。方法：采用化学比色法及放射免疫法测定４４例ＡＭＩ患者发病后即刻、第１日、第７日、第１４日和第２８日外周血肿瘤坏死因子－α（ＴＮＦ－α）、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、内皮素（ＥＴ）、神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）、神经降压素（ＮＴ）及降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）水平。与另４０例健康体检者的血管活性肽水平作对照研究。结果：在ＡＭＩ患者发病后即刻和第１日的ＴＮＦ－α、ＥＴ、ＮＰＹ、ＣＧＲＰ水平均明显高于对照组,Ｐ〈０．０１和Ｐ〈０．００１;而ＮＯ、ＮＴ水平则明显低于对照组（Ｐ均〈０．０１）;ＴＮＦ－α与ＥＴ、ＮＰＹ、ＣＧＲＰ呈显著正相关,而与ＮＯ、ＮＴ呈显著负相关。ＡＭＩ发病后第７日,ＴＮＦ－α、ＥＴ、ＮＰＹ、ＣＧＲＰ水平逐渐下降,ＮＯ、ＮＴ水平逐渐升高,到第２８日上述变化仍未     

血管活性物质与脑血管病的相关性研究

目的：探讨血管活性物质在脑血管病发病中的作用。方法：采用化学比色法及放射免疫法检测１１４例急性脑血管病急性期、稳定期和恢复期患者及７６例健康人外周血肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）、一氧化氮（ＮＯ）、内皮素（ＥＴ）、神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）、神经降压素（ＮＴ）及降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）水平。结果：急性期脑梗死和脑出血者血中ＴＮＦ、ＮＯ、ＥＴ、ＮＰＹ、ＣＧＲＰ较恢复期均明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０５￣Ｐ〈０．００１）,     

颅脑损伤患者ANP,AVP临床意义研究

目的：为探讨ＡＮＰ（心钠素）与ＡＶＰ（精氨酸加压素）在颅脑损伤后的变化。方法：将５２例颅脑损伤患者按ＧＣＳ分为轻、中、重三组。选择２０例非神经系统疾病患者为对照组，通过放免测定血浆及脑脊液中ＡＮＰ与ＡＶＰ含量的动态变化，采用ｔ检验。结果：颅脑损伤后患者血浆及脑脊液中ＡＮＰ降低而ＡＶＰ升高，以重型伤的变化最明显。结论：ＡＮＰ与ＡＶＰ的代谢异常与颅脑损伤的程度有关，同时也为ＡＮＰ类似物及ＡＶＰ拮抗剂的临床应用提供了初步理论依据，证明ＡＮＰ与ＡＶＰ参与了颅脑损伤后的病理生理过程，对脑水肿的发生和发展产生了一定的影响     

脑出血昏迷患者血浆、胃液神经肽Y动态变化的临床观察

目的 测定３２例脑出血后昏迷患者血浆、胃液神经肽Ｙ（ｎｅｕｒｏｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ Ｙ,ＮＰＹ）含量,探讨其与脑出血严重程度的关系及脑出血对胃肠动力的影响。方法 采用放名法动态测定３２例急性脑出血后昏迷患者血浆、胃液ＮＰＹ含量,动态观察ＮＰＹ水平在脑出血后昏迷组和正常对照组中的变化。结果 不同部位脑出血后昏迷患者血浆、胃液ＮＰＹ含量第１周显著高于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．００１）,发病第１天开始上升,第２天达     

急性脑出血患者脑脊液及血浆中精氨酸加压素神经降压素…

测定了２０例急性脑出血患者脑脊液及其中１例患者血浆中精氨酸加压素、神经降压素和生长抑素含量，并与３０例对照组比较，结果：脑出血患者脑脊液及血浆中ＡＶＰ、ＮＴ含量显著增高，脑脊液中ＳＳ含量降低，血浆ＡＶＰ、ＮＴ含量增高，ＳＳ含量无明显变化，提示：ＡＶＦ、ＮＴ及ＳＳ参与了脑出血发病的神经化学机制；ＡＶＰ可能与本病患者脑水肿的发生发展有关。     

经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术对N—心钠素分泌的影响

目的：探讨经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术（ＰＢＭＶ）对Ｎ心钠素（ＮＡＮＰ）分泌的影响。方法：研究了２４例二尖瓣狭窄（ＭＳ）患者ＰＢＭＶ前后血浆ＮＡＮＰ浓度，并与平均二尖瓣跨瓣压差（ＭＭＰＧ）、二尖瓣口面积（ＭＶＡ）、左房内径（ＬＡＤ）及血流动力学参数作相关分析。结果：ＭＳ患者术前血浆ＮＡＮＰ浓度高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１），术后显著下降（与术前比较，Ｐ＜０．００１），但仍高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。血浆ＮＡＮＰ改变量（ΔＮＡＮＰ）与ＭＭＰＧ改变量（ΔＭＭＰＧ，ｒ＝０．６７７０，Ｐ＜０．０００５）、ＬＡＤ的改变量（ΔＬＡＤ，ｒ＝０．４７０４，Ｐ＜０．０２５０）及平均左房压改变量（ΔＭＬＡＰ，ｒ＝０．７２７２，Ｐ＜０．０００５）均呈正相关，与ＭＶＡ的改变量（ΔＭＶＡ）呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．６４５１，Ｐ＜０．０００５）。结论：ＮＡＮＰ在ＭＳ引起的病理生理改变中起重要作用，测定ＮＡＮＰ变化有可能作为判定ＭＳ狭窄程度及ＰＢＭＶ疗效的一个指标。     

尿毒症患者血浆神经肽Y,神经降压素与高血压的关系

探讨尿毒症患者血浆神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ），神经降压素（ＮＴ）浓度改变及其与高血压的关系。结果表明：尿毒症患者血浆ＮＰＹ水平较正常对照组显著升高，ＮＴ则显著降低，尿毒症伴高血压组血浆ＮＰＹ显著高于血压正常组，ＮＴ较血压正常组低，患者平均动脉压与ＮＰＹ呈显著正相关，与ＮＴ呈显著负相关，血浆ＮＰＹ和ＮＴ浓度改变愈明显，高血压靶器官管受损程度愈重，提示血浆ＮＰＹ和ＮＴ可能在尿毒症高血压的发生与进展中起重要作用     

原发性高血压辨证分型与调节肽关系的研究

目的：通过检测原发性高血压（ＥＨ）血浆内源性多肽的含量,探讨其虚实证的本质。方法：检测ＥＨ肝火亢盛型（２５例）、痰湿壅盛型（２２例）、阴虚阳亢型（２６例）、阴阳两虚型（２０例）患者血浆β－内啡肽（β－ＥＰ）、神经降压素（ＮＴ）、神经肽Ｙ（ＮＰＹ）及去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）的含量,分别与健康对照组（２５例）进行比较。结果：ＥＨ各型血浆β－ＥＰ和ＮＴ含量均较对照组低（Ｐ均〈０．０１）,ＮＰＹ和ＮＥ含量较之     

98例急性脑血管病患者血浆中NT、CGRP及NPY的含量分析

目的 :测定急性脑血管病患者血浆中三种神经肽的含量 ,分析其含量水平与疾病发生的关系。方法 :应用放射免疫法同时测定 98例急性脑血管病患者及 37例健康对照组血浆中神经降压素 (NT)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和神经肽Y(NPY)的含量。结果 :脑梗塞组CGRP含量显著低于脑出血组 (     

Lack of effect of atrial natriuretic peptide on vasopressin release

This study was designed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular or intravenous atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on plasma arginine-vasopressin (AVP) levels, plasma renin activity (PRA), blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in conscious rats. No changes were observed in plasma AVP levels and PRA after intracerebroventricular injection of ANP (0.3 nmol/kg). Also no changes were found in BP and HR after intracerebroventricular ANP injection in the dose range 0.01-0.3 nmol/kg. No significant changes were observed in plasma AVP levels after the intravenous administration of ANP at 2.5 nmol/kg to hydrated rats or at 0.1 nmol/kg and 2.5 nmol/kg to dehydrated rats, although the larger dose was sufficient to cause a small fall in BP. Even after 30 min intravenous infusion of ANP at 0.1 nmol min-1 kg-1, a dose sufficient to produce very high plasma ANP levels, no change in plasma AVP could be detected, although haemodynamic changes were observed. Intravenous ANP injection (2.5 nmol/kg) inhibited basal renin secretion in hydrated rats and also inhibited renin secretion which had been stimulated by prior dehydration. From these studies in hydrated and dehydrated rats, there was no evidence that either intracerebroventricular or intravenous ANP administration affected AVP release in vivo.     

Neuropeptides in the cerebral circulation: relevance to headache

The article briefly describes the innervation of the human cerebral circulation by nerve fibers containing neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP), and calcitonin gent-related peptide (CGRP). The neuropeptides in human cerebral arteries were characterized by radioimmunoassay in combination with HPLC. These neuropeptides mediate contraction (NPY) and dilatation (VIP, SP, CGRP). In conjunction with spontaneous attacks of migraine or cluster headache, release of CGRP is seen. With the associated symptoms of nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, VIP is released. Successful treatment may abort the peptide release in parallel with disappearance of headache.     

Neuropeptide variability in man

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have established short-term variability in the circulating plasma levels of cardiac peptides such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Our aim was to investigate whether such variable patterns could be observed in other vasoactive peptides. METHODS: We measured the immunoreactivity of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in peripheral venous plasma collected at 2-min intervals over a 20-min period from patients with chronic cardiac failure (CCF) and from control subjects. In a second study, blood samples were obtained at 2-min intervals from the pulmonary artery, femoral artery and antecubital vein from patients with normal cardiac function while right atrial pressure and heart rate were constant. RESULTS: Peripheral blood VIP, NPY and ET-1 had peaks and troughs (levels > 2SD from the mean) in both patients and controls, with approximate intervals of 10 min. Levels of CGRP showed little variation. The overall levels [median (range); pmol L-1] of VIP [patients 27 (2.1-85.5); controls 9.8 (0-34)] and NPY [patients 20 (0-110); controls 12 (5-19)] were higher in patients (P < 0.05). Circulating plasma levels of ET-1 and CGRP were about the same in both groups [ET-1: patients 18 (2-84); controls 18 (0-48); CGRP: patients 4 (1-18.5), controls 5.5 (1-15); P = NS]. Levels of CGRP, VIP and ET-1 were similar in the pulmonary and femoral arteries, whereas systemic arterial levels of NPY were higher than in the pulmonary artery. CONCLUSIONS: The data demonstrate marked variability in circulating levels of the neuropeptides studied. In addition, peaks and troughs were observed every 10-15 min from all three vascular beds. If these peptides are secreted in a pulsatile pattern, then interpretations of single measurements should be guarded. Furthermore, this study raises interesting questions about the physiology of hormone secretion in man.     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者血液透析前后血管活性因子的变化及临床意义

目的了解血液透析患者血浆一氧化氮（NO）、内皮素（ET）、心房利钠多肽（ANP）、肾素（PRA）及血管紧张素Ⅱ（ATⅡ）在透析前后的水平变化及临床意义。方法设正常对照、慢性肾功能不全失代偿期患者及慢性肾功能衰竭（CRF）患者各30例。用比色法测定NO,放射免疫法测定ANP、ET、PRA及ATⅡ水平。结果CRF组NO、ANP、ET、PRA、ATⅡ浓度明显高于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;透析后NO和ANP显著下降（P<0.05和P<0.01）,PRA和ATⅡ浓度明显升高（P均<0.01）,ET透析前后无明显变化（P>0.05）。结论血液透析可使CRF患者血浆NO、ANP降低,PRA、ATⅡ升高,提示ET升高可增加ANP和PRA水平,ANP浓度可抑制ATⅡ的分泌。     

利钾尿肽与心钠素摩尔比值在高血压性脑血管病的临床意义

目的探讨利钾尿肽(KP)与心钠素(ANP)摩尔比值在高血压性脑血管疾病中的意义.方法用放射免疫分析方法测定40例脑血管疾病(CVD)患者血浆KP和ANP含量.结果高血压性CVD患者血浆KP水平(3.72±0.80)μg/L与单纯CVD患者比较显著降低(P<0.01),血浆ANP含量(0.32±0.10)μg/L明显高于单纯CVD组(P<0.01),高血压CVD患者,病程中KP与ANP摩尔比值(4.30±1.13)显著低于对照组(5.32±1.10)及单纯CVD组(5.19±2.30),P均<0.01.结论KP、ANP含量及KP与ANP比值关系的改变在CVD及高血压性CVD病理生理中起着一定的作用.     

局部亚低温对脑出血后血管活性物质的影响

目的研究局部亚低温治疗对急性脑出血患者神经肽Y(NPY)、神经降压素(NT)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)和内皮素(ET)变化的影响。方法患者分为局部亚低温组和常规治疗组。局部亚低温组在药物治疗基础上加用局部亚低温治疗,观察发病第1天、第7天及第14天时血管活性物质的变化。结果患者血浆NT、CGRP和ET在第7天、第14天时下降,局部亚低温组低于常规治疗组(P<0.05或P<0.01);常规治疗组血浆NPY在第7天、第14天时升高。结论局部亚低温可调节脑出血后血浆NPY、NT、CGRP和ET的浓度,具有明显的脑保护作用。     

原发性高血压患者血浆神经肽动态变化与血压昼夜节律相关性研究

目的　探讨原发性高血压患者血浆神经肽Y(NPY)与神经降压肽(NT)动态变化及其与血压昼夜节律的相关性。方法　原发性高血压患者60例,根据其动态血压监测的特征将其分为杓型与非杓型组;同时选择20例健康志愿者作为正常对照组。采用放射免疫分析法(RIA)在2: 00、8: 00、16: 00分别测定其血浆NPY、NT含量并进行比较。结果　原发性高血压患者昼夜血浆NPY水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0. 01),而NT水平明显低于正常对照组(P<0. 05);非杓型组与杓型组比较,在2: 00时NPY水平明显升高(P<0. 05),NT明显降低(P<0. 05)。结论　不同昼夜血压分布的原发性高血压患者,血浆NPY、NT水平昼夜变化不同。