50岁及以上男男性行为人群对性伴艾滋病病毒感染状态知晓及影响因素分析

目的 分析≥50岁男男性行为人群(MSM)对性伴艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染状态知晓比例及相关因素,为制定有效的干预策略和措施提供参考。方法 采用方便抽样,借助同性社交软件进行网络问卷调查,收集调查对象的社会人口学、行为学及对性伴HIV感染状态知晓等信息。对最近一个男性性伴感染状态知晓相关因素进行单因素组间比较和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 1037例≥50岁MSM中,知晓其最近一个男性性伴感染状态的比例仅为38.4%(398/1037),对最近一个男性性伴感染状态知晓情况的多因素分析结果显示:初中及以下文化程度者是高中及以上文化程度者的0.660倍(95%CI=0.473~0.922,P=0.015);失业和在职者分别是退休者的0.537倍(95% CI=0.322~0.896,P=0.017)和0.663倍(95%CI=0.466~0.944,P=0.022);过去一年有≥2个男性性伴者是没有或仅有1个男性性伴者的0.433倍(95%CI=0.320~0.586,P<0.001);未进行过HIV检测者是进行过HIV检测者的0.544倍(95%CI=0.403~0.734, P<0.001);对HIV或艾滋病相关知识不知晓者是知晓者的0.636倍(95%CI=0.466~0.868, P=0.004);有性病感染史者是无性病感染史者的0.472倍(95%CI=0.349~0.637, P<0.001),同时,艾滋病污名化水平越高者其知晓性伴感染状态的可能性越低(OR=0.742,95%CI=0.604~0.912, P=0.005)。结论 ≥50岁MSM对性伴感染状态知晓比例较低。文化程度、职业状况、过去一年性伴数量、HIV检测、HIV或艾滋病相关知识、性病感染史及艾滋病污名化水平等均为性伴感染状态知晓的相关因素。     

Female-to-male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus

OBJECTIVE.--To examine rates of heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and associated risk factors and to determine the relative efficiency of female-to-male and male-to-female transmission. DESIGN.--Survey of infected individuals and their heterosexual partners recruited since 1985. SETTING.--Participants were recruited from various HIV counseling and testing sites throughout California but were generally interviewed and tested in their homes. PARTICIPANTS.--Data from 379 couples at entry to the study are reported: 72 male partners of infected women and 307 female partners of infected men. The infected index case had a well-established source of risk; couples were eliminated if the direction of transmission could not be established. The majority of couples were monogamous since 1978, white, and in their 30s. Most partners did not know their serostatus at entry into the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE.--HIV serostatus in the exposed sexual partner. RESULTS.--We observed one probable instance (1%) of female-to-male transmission compared with 20% transmission rates in the female partners of infected men. All couples were sampled in the same way. Male index cases were more likely to be symptomatic than female index cases. CONCLUSION.--The odds of male-to-female transmission were significantly greater than female-to-male transmission. The one case of female-to-male transmission was unique in that the couple reported numerous unprotected sexual contacts and noted several instances of vaginal and penile bleeding during intercourse.     

The Internet as a newly emerging risk environment for sexually transmitted diseases

CONTEXT: Transmission of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with unprotected sex among multiple anonymous sex partners. The role of the Internet in risk of STDs is not known. OBJECTIVE: To compare risk of STD transmission for persons who seek sex partners on the Internet with risk for persons not seeking sex partners on the Internet. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey conducted September 1999 through April 2000. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 856 clients of the Denver Public Health HIV Counseling and Testing Site in Colorado. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report of logging on to the Internet with the intention of finding sex partners; having sex with partners who were originally contacted via the Internet; number of such partners and use of condoms with them; and time since last sexual contact with Internet partners, linked to HIV risk assessment and test records. RESULTS: Of the 856 clients, most were white (77. 8%), men (69.2%), heterosexual (65.3%), and aged 20 to 50 years (84. 1%). Of those, 135 (15.8%) had sought sex partners on the Internet, and 88 (65.2%) of these reported having sex with a partner initially met via the Internet. Of those with Internet partners, 34 (38.7%) had 4 or more such partners, with 62 (71.2%) of contacts occurring within 6 months prior to the client's HIV test. Internet sex seekers were more likely to be men (P<.001) and homosexual (P<.001) than those not seeking sex via the Internet. Internet sex seekers reported more previous STDs (P =.02); more partners (P<.001); more anal sex (P<.001); and more sexual exposure to men (P<.001), men who have sex with men (P<.001), and partners known to be HIV positive (P<.001) than those not seeking sex via the Internet. CONCLUSIONS: Seeking sex partners via the Internet was a relatively common practice in this sample of persons seeking HIV testing and counseling (representative of neither Denver nor the overall US population). Clients who seek sex using the Internet appear to be at greater risk for STDs than clients who do not seek sex on the Internet. JAMA. 2000;284:443-446     

四川省绵阳市年轻男男性行为者偶遇性伴及关联因素分析

目的 了解年轻男男性行为者（young men who have sex with men, YMSM）偶遇性伴现状,分析关联因素。方法 2016年9月—2019年9月用“滚雪球”抽样法,对绵阳市YMSM偶遇性伴现状进行问卷调查和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、梅毒血清学检测,用χ²检验,多因素二分类Logistics回归分析偶遇性伴的关联因素。结果 共调查351人,最近6个月有肛交250人,其中有偶遇性伴者112人,占44.8%（112/250）,平均性伴（1.9±1.6）人,每次使用安全套者92人。最近6个月有无偶遇性伴者HIV、梅毒阳性率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素分析发现,性角色均可（OR=2.921,95%CI：1.079~4.864）、最近6个月多性伴（OR=9.424,95%CI：4.494~19.762）、最近6个月群交（OR=25.537,95%CI：2.098~310.891）、自我接纳得分越高（OR=1.627,95%CI：1.104~2.398）者有偶遇性伴的可能更大,最近6个月有固定性伴者（OR=0.082,95%CI：0.035~0.188）有偶遇性伴的可能更小（P<0.05）。结论 YMSM偶遇性伴普遍,其偶遇性伴与性角色、性行为和自我接纳相关联,行为风险较大,应针对性开展行为干预。     

Pattern,challenges and correlates of condom use among Nigerians living with HIV infection.

ObjectiveTo determine the pattern, challenges and correlates of condom use among Nigerians living with HIV Infection.MethodsA cross sectional questionnaire study among HIV positive adults attending an HIV treatment centre in Lagos, Nigeria. Data entry and analysis were done with Epi-info version 3.5.1.ResultsThe mean age of respondents was 35 (SD=7.7; range: 17–58 years) and mean age at sexual debut was 20 years old (range: 7–37 years). Majority were women (66.6%), had at least secondary school education(91.1%), married (68.2%)), on ART (50.7%) and knew their partners HIV status(60.9%). The rate of condom use at last sex act was 65.9%, but only 48.8% used condom consistently. Factors associated with condom use were male gender (OR=2.43, CI=1.35–4.33, P=0.002), less than secondary school education (OR=3.12, CI=1.04–9.28, P=0.05) and Not knowing partner's HIV status (OR=1.90, CI=1.04–3.80, P=0.04). Refusal to use condom (28.4%) were as a result of pregnancy intention, undesirability of condom in marriage and decreased sexual pleasure.ConclusionThere is low consistent condom use rate of 48.8% among this cohort despite their exposure to behavioural change messages. A review of the present counselling strategy and combination prevention is therefore advocated.     

绵阳市不同寻找性伴场所男男性行为者HIV感染状况及社会行为特征

目的 了解绵阳市男男性行为者（MSM）寻找性伴场所现状,分析不同寻找性伴场所MSM的艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染状况及社会行为特征。方法 2017年1—10月,在四川省绵阳市采用滚雪球抽样法,进行MSM人口学特征、寻找性伴场所、社会行为及HIV抗体、梅毒螺旋体抗体的横断面抽样调查,用χ²检验比较不同寻找性伴场所MSM的相关特征。结果 回收有效问卷1 206份,研究对象平均年龄（27.5±9.027）岁。寻找性伴场所中酒吧型12.9%,公园型5.1%,网络型79.0%,家庭型3.0%,其HIV阳性率分别为3.9%、9.7%、3.8%、5.6%,HIV阳性率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。不同寻找性伴场所MSM的社会行为存在差异（均P<0.001）,艾滋病知识知晓、近1年接受同伴教育、近6个月有保护肛交比例以酒吧型、网络型高,公园型、家庭型低;酒吧型61.7%近1周高频率肛交,74.2%近6个月多性伴,公园型21.0%近6个月异性性行为,家庭型13.9%使用Rush。结论 MSM寻找性伴场所多样并存,互联网的主体作用明显。不同寻找性伴场所MSM具有不同HIV感染风险,应针对性开展行为干预。     

重庆市HIV阴性男男性行为者性行为特征及安全套使用影响因素

目的 探讨重庆市人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus, HIV）阴性男男性行为者（men who have sex with men, MSM）性行为特征及安全套使用的影响因素。方法 通过问卷调查的方式收集2018年6月1日—2019年6月1日重庆市HIV阴性MSM的人口学及性行为特征相关信息,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析MSM人群坚持使用安全套的影响因素。结果 共调查282例HIV阴性MSM,其中66.7%（188/282）年龄≤28岁,90.8%（256/282）学历为大专及以上,81.2%（229/282）性伴人数>1人,40.1%（113/282）近6个月同性肛交性行为时坚持使用安全套;172例完成了所有问卷内容的MSM中,62.8%（108/172）情感状况为单身,72.1%（124/172）每月都有性行为,79.7%（137/172）为同性恋,76.7%（132/172）已对外公开性取向。单因素分析结果显示,性伴数量、性行为频率、滥用药物及既往HIV暴露后预防史是坚持使用安全套的影响因素。多因素分析结果显示,性伴数量>1人、每月都有性行为是MSM坚持使用安全套的独立危险因素。结论 重庆市HIV阴性MSM人群高危性行为较为普遍,但安全套使用情况不容乐观,应针对其性行为特征进行艾滋病防控知识宣教,采取多种措施提高安全套使用率。     

深圳市2011年MSM高危行为特征及梅毒/HIV感染调查

目的了解深圳市男男性行为者高危行为特征及梅毒/HIV感染情况,为今后有针对性地实施有效干预措施提供科学依据。方法知情同意原则下,2011年对深圳市MSM进行问卷调查及抽血检测。结果共762例接受自愿咨询检测,梅毒感染率为17.8%,HIV感染率为7.1%,梅毒合并HIV感染率为3.8%;45.8%性角色以主动为主,23.8%以被动为主,29.5%二者兼有,0.9%很少肛交或多口交;半年内70.8%肛交性伴数≥2个,64.4%口交性伴数≥2个;37.1%半年内肛交时每次使用安全套,4.0%半年内口交时每次使用安全套,27.1%半年内与女性性交时每次使用安全套。结论深圳市MSM人群不安全性行为普遍存在,是梅毒/HIV传播的桥梁人群。     

广西部分男男性行为者包皮环切术接受意愿分析

目的:了解广西男男性行为人群对包皮环切术的接受意愿情况.方法:利用滚雪球法招募302名男男性行为者(MSM),并进行包皮体检和面对面问卷调查.结果:302名MSM中,平均男性性伴数中位数为3.5个,19.5%与女性有过性关系,41.1%最近1年接受过HIV检测,18.5%自述最近1年出现过性病相关症状.与男性发生性关系...     

Determinants of consistent condom use among adolescents and young adults attending a tertiary educational institution in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the determinants of consistent condom use among adolescents and young adults aged 15 - 29 years. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional survey to which 600 (300 of each gender) adolescents/young adults who had never married were recruited. Information was collected from respondents by means of a purpose-designed, self-administered questionnaire. Information sought includes the respondents' social and demographic characteristics, sexual practices and issues relating to condom use. RESULTS: Five hundred and thirty-six (89.3%) of the 600 questionnaires were suitable for analysis; 372 (69.4%) had had sexual intercourse. A third reported that they were having sex frequently or fairly frequently; 145 (41.7%) had more than one partner while 74 (19.9%) were aware that their partners had other sexual partners. Two-thirds of currently sexually active respondents reported that condoms were readily available and cheap although only 90 (24.2%) reported using condoms consistently. The factors that were statistically significant predictors of consistent condom use among the males were age; younger respondents were more likely to be consistent users (p = 0.015), having more than one sexual partner (p = 0.030) and ability to refuse sex with a partner who would not want to use condom (p = 0.008). Among the females, statistically significant predictors were frequency of sexual intercourse; respondent who had sex frequently were more likely to use condoms consistently (p = 0.018) and having more than one partner (p=0.018). CONCLUSION: Inconsistent condom use is rampant and females were probably disadvantaged as far as condom negotiation is concerned.     

Understanding positive prevention practices among people living with HIV in Karnataka,Southern India

Background

Understanding positive prevention practices among people living with HIV (PLHIV) can provide useful insights to guide our efforts in preventing further HIV transmission, and helps to enable PLHIVs to lead healthy and responsible lives.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted in three sites of Karnataka: namely Belgaum (North Karnataka), Bellary (Central Karnataka) and Hassan (South Karnataka) districts. The study period was from March to September 2010. A total of 477 PLHIV were sampled and interviewed with the help of a structured interview schedule. The interviews were conducted by trained PLHIV community interviewers.

Results

Disclosure of status was fairly good among the studied population. The majority of men disclosed their HIV status first with their spouses, whereas women disclosed first with their mothers. Status disclosure was less among urban PLHIV when compared to rural PLHIV. Knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among unmarried men and women was low; higher proportions among them were involved in sexual relationships; and they reported no condom use with their regular partners. Condom use with regular partners is found to be more effective when public health messages are given through peers. Status disclosure is having a role in motivating communities for Regular CD4 testing and ART uptake.

Conclusion

Unmarried PLHIV need to be prioritised in our prevention efforts, to enable them to adopt safe sex practices through appropriate peer-mediated strategies. As status disclosure with family members has an important role in adhering to ART, status disclosure with family members needs to be emphasized in our programmes.     

吸毒人员危险性性行为的评估及特征分析

目的:了解吸毒人员HIV感染危险性性行为发生现况及其相关因素。方法:以湖南省两所强制戒毒机构的323名吸毒人员作为调查样本, 以面对面访谈方式, 采用自编一般情况问卷、危险性性行为问卷、相关知识问卷和性态度开放程度量表进行调查。结果:调查时点前1年内, 309名吸毒人员有效样本中, 279人(90.3%)有固定性伴;27.5%(85/309)有多个固定性伴;临时性性行为发生率为38.2% (118/309), 商业性性行为发生率为25.9% (80/309), 既有商业性又有非商业性性行为的发生率为23.9%(74/309), 多性伴性行为总发生率为62.8% (194/309)。总分为25分(25条目)的相关知识中位数得分为18分(P₂₅=15, P₇₅=20);总分为66分的性态度开放程度中位数评分为33分(P₂₅=14, P₇₅=38)。按照本研究界定的危险性性行为分级方法, 经ordinal回归分析发现:女性、无稳定婚姻关系、有注射吸毒行为、既往有性传播疾病感染史是其性行为危险程度等级增高的危险因素, 初次性行为年龄越低、性态度趋向保守是样本性行为危险程度增高的保护因素。结论:研究点吸毒人员有较高比例的危险性性行为, 对该人群危险性性行为的有效干预对于预防和控制HIV向普通人群的扩散具有重要意义。     

Confidential HIV testing and condom promotion in Africa. Impact on HIV and gonorrhea rates.

OBJECTIVE--We evaluated the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and counseling on self-reported condom and spermicide use and on corresponding HIV seroconversion and gonorrhea rates in urban Rwandan women. DESIGN--Prospective cohort study with 2 years of follow-up, comparison of outcome variables before and after an intervention, and condom use measured in a control group that did not receive the intervention. SETTING--Outpatient research clinic in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda. PARTICIPANTS--One thousand four hundred fifty-eight childbearing women, 32% of whom were infected with HIV, were enrolled in a prospective study in 1988, and followed at 3- to 6-month intervals for 2 years. Follow-up was available for 95% of subjects at year 1 and 92% at year 2. INTERVENTIONS--An acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) educational videotape, HIV testing and counseling, and free condoms and spermicide were provided to all participants and interested sexual partners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Self-report of compliance with condom-spermicide use and observed incidence of HIV and gonorrhea. RESULTS--Only 7% of women reported ever trying condoms before the intervention, but 22% reported condom use with good compliance 1 year later. Women who were HIV-positive were more likely to adopt condom use than HIV-negative women (36% vs 16%; P < .05). Independent predictors of condom use, both in HIV-positive and in HIV-negative women, included HIV testing and counseling of the male partner, having a nonmonogamous relationship, and believing condoms were not dangerous. Human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion rates decreased significantly (from 4.1 to 1.8 per 100 person-years; P < .04) in women whose partners were tested and counseled. The prevalence of gonorrhea decreased substantially (13% to 6%; P < .05) among HIV-positive women, with the greatest reduction among condom users (16% to 4%; P < .05). CONCLUSION--A confidential HIV testing and counseling program was associated with increased use of condoms and reduced rates of gonorrhea and HIV in urban Rwandan women. The lack of risk reduction in HIV-negative women whose partner's serostatus was unknown was of concern. Interventions that promote HIV testing and counseling for both members of a couple should be considered in other high-prevalence areas.     

男男性行为人群中HIV感染者艾滋病相关高危行为特征分析

目的了解男男性行为人群(MSM)中HIV感染者的高危行为特征,为开展MSM人群艾滋病防治工作提供建议。方法利用2006~2007年重庆市开展MSM人群调查的资料,比较MSM人群中HIV感染者与非HIV感染者的高危行为特征。结果MSM人群中的HIV感染者较非感染者艾滋病防治知识认知水平较低(85.5%vs 90.3%),HIV感染者发生首次性行为的性伴女性所占比例高于非HIV感染者(53.4%vs 41.5%)、最近6个月发生插入性性行为的男性性伴数多于非HIV感染者(79.0%vs 65.1%),最近6个月与男性发生无保护性性行为的比例高于非感染者(73.4%vs 64.9%),最近6个月与女性发生性行为的比例高于非感染者(36.8%vs 23.1%),最近1次与女性发生性行为时安全套使用率更低(18.4%vs 35.6%)、自报性病感染史高于非感染者(21.1%vs 15.4%)、梅毒感染率HIV感染者高于非感染者(19.2%vs 7.6%)。结论MSM人群中HIV感染者多性伴、高无保护性性行为比例、防治知识缺乏、高性病感染等高危因素使他们成为了HIV感染者,同时,HIV感染者与女性发生性行为的比例较高,并...     

武汉市同性恋酒吧男男性接触者HIV高危行为的现况调查

目的:描述武汉市男男性接触者HIV高危行为的现状,探讨其影响因素。方法:在武汉市同性恋酒吧对96名男男性接触者进行问卷调查。结果:调查对象中21-30岁年龄段者占41.7%,高中及以上学历者占95.8%,职业以学生、企业职员和公务员为主;50.0%曾与一个女性有过性交,13.5%与1名以上的女性有过性交;44.8%第一次发生男男性关系的年龄在16-18岁。全部调查对象在过去的6个月中有过同性性行为,其中77.1%有过口交行为,87.5%有过肛交行为。结论:武汉市男男性接触者中的HIV相关行为存在高度的危险性。     

Effect of HIV posttest counseling on STD incidence.

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and posttest counseling in reducing subsequent high-risk behavior. METHODS--The incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the Baltimore, Md, public STD clinic population after HIV testing and counseling was determined by chart review and was compared in two groups, 868 HIV-seropositive patients and 1104 HIV-seronegative patients, matched by age, sex, and month in which HIV test was conducted. Patients were observed for incident STDs at intervals of 6 through 23 months. Patients with incident STDs were classified hierarchically after being notified of the HIV test result and receiving posttest counseling. RESULTS--Of HIV-seropositive patients, 615 (71%) returned for their test results and received posttest counseling; 694 HIV-seronegative patients (63%) returned. Of all those who returned for results and posttest counseling, 60 (9.7%) of 615 HIV-seropositive patients and 61 (8.8%) of 694 HIV-seronegative patients were diagnosed at least once with definite STD (syphilis, gonorrhea, or trichomoniasis) (P, not significant). Twenty-four HIV-seropositive patients (3.9%) and 71 HIV-seronegative patients (10.2%) returned with probable STD (nongonococcal urethritis or pelvic inflammatory disease) (P less than .001). Nine HIV-seropositive patients (1.5%) and 23 HIV-seronegative patients (3.3%) returned having had an STD-infected sexual partner (P less than .03). Age, sexual orientation, and drug use behavior did not predict return with STD. CONCLUSIONS--Both HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative patients showed high rates of repeat STDs after posttest counseling, an important public health challenge in creating effective high-risk behavior prevention strategies.     

深圳市2009～2011年男男性行为人群HIV感染及影响因素

目的 了解2009～2011年深圳市男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)HIV感染情况及其影响因素.方法 整理深圳市MSM人群HIV/梅毒监测资料并进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 共2 943例接受自愿咨询检测,HIV感染率为7.88％,梅毒合并HIV感染率为4.38％.多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,MSM人群感染HIV与年龄、月收入、性角色、半年内肛交性伴数、合并梅毒感染有关.年龄≥40岁者感染HIV的风险是＜40岁者的1.712倍,月收入≥5000元者感染HIV的风险是＜3000元者的0.625倍,性角色以被动为主者感染HIV的风险是性角色以主动为主者的2.233倍,半年内肛交性伴数为2～4个和≥5个者感染HIV的风险分别是性伴数≤1个者的1.746倍和2.173倍,合并感染梅毒者感染HIV的风险是梅毒阴性者的4.942倍.结论 深圳市MSM人群HIV感染影响因素复杂,应有针对性地开展预防控制工作.     

HIV感染者或AIDS患者与固定性伴发生性行为时安全套使用的影响因素

目的 探讨HIV感染者或AIDS患者(HIV/AIDS)与固定性伴发生性行为时使用安全套的影响因素.方法 选择2010年至2016年建立的贵港市AIDS防治数据库中存活的HIV/AIDS者,对愿意接受调查的194人进行问卷访谈,总结其一般人口学特征,分析HIV/AIDS人群与固定性伴发生性行为时使用安全套的影响因素.结果 有固定性伴的HIV/AIDS者共178人,与固定性伴发生性行为时,安全套使用率为81.5％(145/178).年龄为40～<60岁的HIV/AIDS人群倾向于在与固定性伴发生性行为时使用安全套(P<0.05),而固定性伴HIV检测结果阴性者则倾向于不使用安全套(P<0.05).结论 HIV/AIDS人群与固定性伴发生性行为安全套使用率较高,但需加强对固定性伴HIV阴性的家庭安全套使用的行为促进和健康教育.     

绵阳市男男性行为者异地性行为现状及影响因素

目的了解男男性行为者(MSM)异地性行为现状,分析影响因素。方法 2016年2—11月,以四川省绵阳市辖区MSM为对象,采用滚雪球抽样法,在知情同意下,进行调查对象招募调查及血清学检测。结果合格调查1 073人中,有异地性行为者为6.7%。异地性行为地方为附近县的15.3%、绵阳34.7%、成都15.3%、省外等其他地区34.7%。每天平均性行为(1.6±1.038)次,偶然性伴72.1%、固定性伴27.9%。寻找性伴场所类型69.1%为网络型、11.8%为家庭型,肛交有保护性73.5%。异地性行为HIV感染率12.5%,高于无异地性行为的5.5%(P0.05)。多因素分析,离异丧偶、本地居住时间短、生理需求为第一需求、最近1次肛交无保护性行为、近6个月肛交人数≥2发生异地性行为可能性较高(P均0.05)。结论 MSM异地性行为以大中城市、网络型、偶然性伴为主,无保护、多性伴比例较高,增大了HIV感染和跨区域传播风险。