心尖肥厚型心肌病心电图与彩色多普勒显像对比

目的 心尖肥厚型心肌病（AHCM）心电图（ECG）表现与彩色多普勒（CDFI）显像对比，进一步探讨其心电图的诊断和鉴别诊断。方法 用CDFI测量34例AHCM心尖部室壁厚度，与心电图R波高度、ST段压低程度及T波倒置深度进行对比。结果 心尖部室壁的厚度与R波的高度、ST段压低程度及T波倒置深度成正比。     

心尖肥厚型心肌病的心电图对比观察

目的　观察心尖肥厚型心肌病 (AHCM )与其他类型的肥厚型心肌病 (HCM )的心电图改变。方法　对 87例HCM(B组 )者行彩色多普勒超声心动图 (UCG)及心电图检测 ,对比 1 6例AHCM组 (A组 )与 71例HCM组 (B组 )的心电图ST段压低、T波倒置、传导阻滞、病理性Q波、左室高电压、WPW的发生率。结果　A组与B组的病理性Q波、巨大倒置T波的发生率存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　A、B组两组之间虽然心电图及其它方面存在许多共性 ,但病理性Q波以及巨大倒置T波的存在与否 ,对两种HCM的心电图改变有鉴别诊断价值。     

心尖肥厚型心肌病的诊断与治疗

心尖肥厚型心肌病是一种原因未明的以心尖部非扩张性肥厚为特征的疾病,其血流动力学改变主要是左室舒张功能减退,导致左室充盈受阻,进而引起左室舒张末期压力升高。1976年,Yamaguchi等首先报告本病,并认为属非梗阻性肥厚型心肌病的亚     

心尖肥厚型心肌病18例报告

心尖肥厚型心肌病属于非梗阻型心肌病的一种，临床少见。本文对１８例患者的临床表现、心电图、超声心动图及磁共振成像特点进行了分析。心电图的典型改变是胸前导联巨大倒置的Ｔ波，高ＱＲＳ波群；超声心动图特点为心尖部肥厚或闭塞，左室流出道无梗阻。磁共振成像证实心尖部心肌肥厚。心室造影呈＂铲形＂（Ｓｐａｄｅ－ｌｉｋｅ）。该病常被误诊为＂冠心病＂、＂心内膜下心肌梗塞＂。国外有关报道指出，以心电图倒置Ｔ波深度＞１０ｍｍ做为诊断该病的标准。而本文作者却观察到，一部分患者心电图倒置Ｔ波深度＜１０ｍｍ，且有的患者心室造影不呈＂铲形＂。故作者认为后者是该病的一种新的类型。超声心动图是诊断该病的重要手段，必要时可做磁共振成像检查。该病对血液动力学影响较小，因影响左室舒张功能，故引起一些临床症状。该病预后一般较好。     

心尖肥厚型心肌病6例

心尖肥厚型心肌病属于梗阻性肥厚型心肌病的一种,临床少见,现将10年来所遇6例病人的临床表现及随访报告于下。     

心尖肥厚型心肌病的临床诊断

心尖肥厚型心肌病 (ＡＨＣＭ)是一种较少见的原发性肥厚型心肌病 (ＨＣＭ)。我们于 1988年 7月～ 2 0 0 0年 7月共收治ＡＨＣＭ 2 6例 ,现报告如下。一、资料与方法本组 2 6例ＡＨＣＭ ,其中男性 2 0例 ,女性 6例 ,年龄 2 5～75 (48.15± 11.6 5 )岁。临床表现 :心悸、气急 5例 ,头晕、乏力4例 ,胸闷、胸痛 9例 (其中 1例酷似心绞痛样症状 ,但持续时间长 ,含服硝酸甘油无缓解 ) ,无自觉症状 10例。体征 :18例无明显体征 ,6例心尖搏动向左下移位并呈抬举性搏动 ,4例有第四心音及心尖部 2～ 3级收缩期杂音。 2 6例均做心电图、二维超声心动图…     

心尖肥厚型心肌病45例临床分析

目的 探讨心尖肥厚型心肌病的临床特点.方法 将惠者分别进行心电图、超声心动图、心肌核磁共振成像、左心室造影检查,进行分析.结果 45例患者心电图有胸前导联高电压,ST段压低及T渡深倒置,超声有心尖部心肌肥厚,左心室造影有心尖肥厚、心腔变小的表现,MRI呈"铁铲"样改变、心腔变小.结论 心电图、超声心动图、心肌核磁共振成像、左心室造影都是诊断心尖肥厚型心肌病的有价值的方法.其中左心室造影是比较可靠的方法.     

心尖肥厚型心肌病心电图1例

患者男性 ,４０岁。因胸闷１年 ,加重３天入院。曾诊断为冠心病。体检 :ＢＰ１１０／７０ｍｍＨｇ,心界不大 ,心尖搏动强有力 ,心率６８次／ｍｉｎ ,心律齐 ,心尖区可闻及Ⅱ级收缩期杂音及第３心音。肝脾无肿大。Ｘ线胸片及血清心肌酶检查正常。心电图 (图１)示 :窦性心律 ,心率６０次／ｍｉｎ ,Ｐ＿Ｒ间期０．１４ｓ ,ＱＲＳ时间０．０８ｓ ,ＱＲＳ波群在Ⅱ导联呈Ｒ型 ,Ｖ５ 导联呈ＲＳ型 ,Ｖ６ 导联呈Ｒｓ型 ,没有Ｑ波 ,而Ｖ１、２ 导联呈ＱＳ型 ,没有ｒ波 ,Ｖ４～６ＳＴ段压低＞０．０５ｍＶ ,Ｔ波Ｉ、ａＶＬ浅倒 ,Ｖ３～６ 深尖倒置 ,Ｖ…     

心尖肥厚型心肌病的诊断分析

心尖肥厚型心肌病(AHCM)是肥厚型心肌病的一种亚型.病变主要局限于左室乳头肌水平以下的心尖部.其发病率低,临床表现缺乏特异性.本文对21例心尖肥厚型心肌病的患者进行临床分析.现报告于下.     

Left ventricular aneurysm associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

A 47-year-old man with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and an apical left ventricular aneurysm with palpitation as the initial manifestation is described. There was no intraventricular pressure gradient. The aneurysm is suggested to be a part of the myocardial disease or to be caused by myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery demonstrated by angiography. The 24-hour ambulatory ECG recording showed only isolated ventricular ectopic beats and the clinical course has been favorable during 20 months without therapy.     

Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of apical hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the value of magnetic resonance imaging as compared with two-dimensional echocardiography for a reliable assessment of the degree and distribution of apical hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The study includes 10 HCM patients (8 males and 2 females, mean age: 42±7 years). Two-dimensional echocardiography was not definitive in assessing the abnormal thickening of the apical myocardium in two patients. Two other patients had inadequate echocardiographic visualization of the lower left ventricle due to technical reasons. At magnetic resonance imaging, 3 patients showed localized hypertrophy at the left ventricular apex only. Three other patients had evidence of hypertrophy at the apex as well as at the left ventricular free wall. In four patients, the hypertrophy was detected at either the apex or the lower interventricular septum. It is concluded that magnetic resonance imaging might provide an accurate assessment of myocardial hypertrophy in HCM patients. This technique appears to be of major value in those with wall thickening localized to (or predominant in) the apical portion of the ventricle.     

Multimodality imaging in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(AHCM) is a relatively rare morphologic variant of HCM in which the hypertrophy of myocardium is localized to the left ventricular apex. Symptoms of AHCM might vary from none to others mimic coronary artery disease including acute coronary syndrome, thus resulting in inappropriate hospitalization. Transthoracic echocardiography is the firstline imaging technique for the diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. However, when the hypertrophy of the myocardium is localized in the ventricular apex might results in missed diagnosis. Aim of this paper is to review the different imaging techniques used for the diagnosis of AHCM and their role in the detection and comprehension of this uncommon disease.     

心尖肥厚型心肌病的心电图特征

分析１０例心尖肥厚型心肌病的心电图。９例Ｖ３－Ｖ６Ｒ波异常高大，尤以Ｖ３－Ｖ５，为甚，伴Ｔ波倒置。内８例呈巨大倒置Ｔ波。６例２４小时动态心电图２例活动平板心电图运动试验心率增快时Ｔ波倒置无变化。     

Coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

We describe an unusual case of coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae associated with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a 63-year-old man who had a 2-year history of angina pectoris without significant coronary atherosclerosis. It is important to recognize this anomaly as it may be the source of angina in patients without angiographic evidence of major atherosclerotic coronary artery disease.     

彩色多普勒血流显像及三维彩色血管能量成像在甲状腺结节性病变的临床应用

目的 探讨彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)及三维彩色血管能量成像(3D-CPA)对甲状腺结节性病变的临床诊断价值.方法 2008年1月-2009年5月,在哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院超声医学科,选择甲状腺结节患者30例共62个结节,在手术前进行CDFI及3D-CPA检查,根据手术病理结果将结节划分为结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺腺瘤和甲状腺癌组,分析3组甲状腺结节的血流形态、分布和血流动力学特征的差异.结果 3D-CPA检查结果表明,结节性甲状腺肿血管以外周分布为主,甲状腺腺瘤呈球形网状结构,甲状腺癌血管内径明显增粗,不均匀扭曲.结节性甲状腺肿、甲状腺腺瘤、甲状腺癌组的收缩期峰值流速(PSV)分别为(39.43±11.17)、(46.39±12.98)、(65.17±9.23)cm/s,阻力指数(RI)分别为(0.32±0.08)、(0.41±0.06)、(0.69±0.07),甲状腺癌组的PSV和RI均高于结节性甲状腺肿和甲状腺腺瘤组(P均<0.05),CDFI和3D-CPA检查,甲状腺癌组的血流分级均高于结节性甲状腺肿组和甲状腺腺瘤组(χ2值分别为17.11、12.79,23.05、15.41,P均<0.01).结论 CDFI显像与3D-CPA能直观地反映甲状腺结节性病变的血流分布状况,有助于甲状腺结节性疾病的诊断与鉴别诊断.     

Electro‐ and echocardiographic features of left ventricle hypertrophy in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

BackgroundStandard 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG), next to medical history and physical examination, is a basic screening tool for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in General practice. There are many electrocardiographic criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy, but their accuracy is usually weak in patients with systemic hypertension or aortic stenosis. Sensitivity of these criteria in patients with HCM has not been well described.AimTo assess the prevalence of electrocardiographic criteria for LVH in patients with HCM and their relationship with echocardiographic parameters.Material and methodsA total of 49 patients with HCM (mean age 53.2 ± 15.4 years; men/women: 31/18) were enrolled to study. Eight electrocardiographic criteria for LVH were evaluated and correlated with echocardiographic parameters.ResultsThe ECG features of LVH were found in 36 (73.5%) subjects. These patients had increased thickness of intraventricular septum (20.5 ± 4.7 vs. 17.3 ± 3.2 mm, p = .03), LVM (340.5 ± 104.8 vs. 264.0 ± 61.5 g; p = .02), and LVMI (178.9 ± 48.8 vs. 125.9 ± 22.5; p = .002). All of ECG criteria for LVH had low sensitivity (14.3%–40.8%) for LVH diagnosis confirmed by echocardiography. The most common positive criterion was Cornell Voltage (20 patients; 40.8%). A total of 41 (83.4%) patients had T‐wave inversion in limb and/or precordial leads. LVMI correlated positively with R‐wave amplitude in aVL (R = 0.34; p = .03), Gubner‐Ungerleider voltage (R = 0.4; p = .009), and Cornell Voltage (R = 0.31; p = .04).ConclusionECG criteria for LVH are characterized by poor sensitivity in patients with HCM. Cornell Voltage and criteria based on limb leads correlate positively with LVMI.     

Abnormal diastolic flow demonstrated by color M mode echocardiography in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with mid-ventricular cavity obliteration

We report a case of a 55-year-old woman who presented with ventricular tachycardia and myocardial infarction. Investigations revealed no disease of the epicardial coronary arteries, but a diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with mid-cavitary dynamic obstruction was made. Detailed echocardiographic examination, including pulse-wave Doppler and Color M Mode recordings revealed unusual components of diastolic dysfunction.     

Systolic apical filling in a patient with progressive apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and giant negative T waves

A relatively asymptomatic 58-year-old nonhyper-tensive male developed changes of remarkable apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with deep negative T-wave change and marked ventricular dyssynergy without apparent precipitating cause over a nine-year period.     

Association of ST elevation with apical aneurysm in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objectives

Apical aneurysms in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) represent an underrecognized but clinically important subset of HCM patients. However it may be frequently missed by echocardiography because of poor image quality of left ventricular apex. We aimed to compare electrocardiographic STE in HCM patients with and without apical aneurysm.

Methods

We developed this clinical review using an extensive MEDLINE review of the literature and data from our laboratories; and some electrocardiographic parameters including STE were analysed in HCM patients with and without apical aneurysm.

Results

There were 29 HCM patients without apical aneurysm (Group 1; 52.6 ± 17.7years, 69% male) and 28 HCM patients with apical aneurysm (Group 2; 59.6 ± 13.2years, 57% male). The STE in V4-6 derivations were statistically more frequent in patients with apical aneurysm compared to those without aneurysm (93% vs 7%, p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the presence of the STE in V4-6 derivations and the presence of the apical aneurysm (Spearman''s ρ = 0.895, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Clinicians and specifically echocardiographers must pay special attention on the electrocardiography to correctly detect the frequently overlooked apical aneurysm in HCM patients, and should be careful for apical aneurysm particularly in the presence of STE in V4-6 derivations.