化疗栓塞联合三维适形放疗治疗原发性肝癌（附50例报告）

目的 评价肝动脉化疔栓塞结合三维适形放射治疗（3D—CRT）对原发性肝癌（PHC）的疗效。方法将50例原发性肝癌患者分为两组，对照组25例，仅给予化疗栓塞；观察组25例，先行化疗栓塞后给予3D—CRT，观察疗效及生存率。结果治疗后3个月肿瘤局部控制率观察组为84％（21／25），对照组为64％（16／25），1、2年生存率观察组分别为84％、51％，对照组分别为64％、45％。结论化疗栓塞联合3D—CRT能提高原发性肝癌的疗效，毒副反应可以耐受。     

肝动脉栓塞化疗联合三维适形放疗治疗局部晚期原发性肝癌的影像学观察

目的结合影像学观察肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)联合三维适形放疗(3DCRT)治疗局部晚期原发性肝癌的疗效,探讨与预后相关的因素。方法 60例不能手术切除的局部晚期原发性肝癌(PLC)患者随机分为TACE组联合3DCRT(实验组)及单纯TACE(对照组);实验组行TACE2～3次后,再予三维适形放疗,靶区剂量范围36～54Gy;对照组仅给予TACE3次。术后1月随访复查CT,确定肿块的退缩情况,评价肿瘤近期有效率及1、2、3年生存率。结果客观缓解率(CR+PR)实验组为66.7%好于对照组的36.7%,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05);实验组治疗结束后100.0%AFP下降,对照组TACE后76.0%下降,两组差异有统计学意义,P﹤0.05;1、2、3年生存率实验组分别是76.7%、43.3%、26.7%,中位生存时间21个月;对照组分别是60.0%、30.0%、13.3%,中位生存时间13个月。结论 TACE联合3DCRT疗效优于单纯TACE,TACE联合3DCRT副反应小,绝大多数病人能耐受,可作为局部晚期原发性肝癌非手术治疗的有效治疗方法。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合三维适形放疗治疗不能切除肝癌研究

目的:探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合三维适形放射治疗(3-DRCT)在治疗不能手术切除的原发性肝癌(HCC)的疗效。方法:将90例不能手术切除的HCC患者分为两组,实验组(B组)行1次TACE后再给以立体定向放疗,对照组(A组)根据病情给以TACE2-3次。比较两组肿瘤大小、AFP变化情况,并对1,2,3年生存率进行分析。结果:A组治疗前后平均肿瘤直径分别是(7.35±2.25)cm和(6.20±1.67)cm,B组分别是(7.65±1.86)cm和(6.18±1.74)cm,两组治疗前、后比较均有显著差异(t分别为2.681和3.891,P0.005和P0.001),但两组之间比较均没有显著差异(P0.05)。两组治疗前后血清AFP水平比较两组均有明显下降,A组从2596.0 ng/L下降到246.9 ng/L(U=420,P0.001),B组从2317.4 ng/L下降到64.6 ng/L(U=310.0,P0.001)。两组之间比较,治疗后AFP差异有统计学意义(U=561.0,P0.05)。两组中位生存期分别为18月和25月,1、2、3年生存率分别为:A组66.7%,42.2%和25%,B组为86.7%,55.6%和33.3%,两组比较差异有显著性意义(P=0.01)。结论:TACE联合3-DRCT治疗不能切除的HCC的疗效优于单纯TACE。     

AFP联合CA199检测对原发性肝癌的诊断价值及对三维适形放疗的疗效判断

目的:通过联合检测血清中AFP及CA199的含量,观察其对原发性肝癌(PLC)的临床诊断及疗效观察的价值.方法:85例PLC患者、42例肝良性疾病患者血清样品用电化学发光免疫法测定AFP及CA199的含量.结果:与良性肝病相比,PLC患者血清AFP及CA199含量明显升高(P＜0.01),两项标志物阳性检出率分别为81.2%和53.0%,两者联检阳性率为88.8%.PLC患者血清AFP、CA199含量在治疗后与治疗前相比,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:AFP及CA199测定对肝肿瘤的良恶性辅助诊断具有一定的应用价值,联检不仅可以提高PLC的阳性诊断率,对PLC的三维适形疗效监测也具有重要价值.     

125I粒子联合肝动脉化疗栓塞对原发性肝癌的疗效研究分析

目的 探讨125I粒子联合肝动脉化疗栓塞对原发性肝癌的治疗效果.方法 选取2009年9月至2015年10月在我院收治的70例原发性肝癌患者,按随机分组法将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各35例.对照组单纯采用TACE法治疗,观察组采用TACE联合125I放射性粒子植入治疗组.治疗后的1、2、3月检测两组患者的血常规、肝功能、肿瘤体积的变化及患者肿瘤标志物(AFP)水平变化情况,并对两组患者进行疗效评价.结果 治疗后,观察组有效率(RR)为85.7％,临床总控制率(CR +PR +SD)为94.3％,对照组有效率(RR)为66.7％,临床总控制率(CR +PR +SD)为71.4％,观察组的疗效明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).在AFP阳性患者中,观察组AFP减小率(转阴率+降低率)显著高于TACE对照组组(P＜0.05),差异有统计学意义.两组患者的术后并发症差异无统计学意义.结论 125I放射性粒子植入联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌疗效确切,安全可靠,不仅改善了患者的生存质量,提高了患者的生存期,还抑制了肿瘤的复发,值得在临床推广和应用.     

原发性肝癌在肝动脉栓塞化疗后AFP浓度与疗效关系的探讨

本文为了探讨原发性肝癌在肝动脉化疗栓塞(简称TAE)后血AFP浓度与疗效的关系，现将我院1986-1992年收集资料完整并获随访的57例原发性肝癌进行分析。     

经肝动脉化疗栓塞联合氟尿嘧啶粒子植入治疗原发性肝癌的观察及护理

50例原发性肝癌联合肝动脉灌注栓塞与氟尿嘧啶粒子植入治疗患者,术前、术中、术后给予精心护理,并对出现的不良反应对应护理,取得了良好的疗效,顺利出院。提出做好术前准备术中密切配合和严格无菌操作、术后严密观察病情,积极预防并发症,并指导患者康复锻炼的全程护理,能够提高治疗效果。     

射频消融联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌

目的探讨经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合射频消融对原发性肝癌的治疗效果。方法将经病理、影像学诊断及AFP值证实的原发性肝癌符合筛选条件的患者共80例,按住院号数的单、双数分成两组:对照组(TACE组)42例,综合治疗组(TACE 射频消融组)38例。对照组只给予TACE治疗,综合治疗组先行TACE后2~3周再予联合射频消融治疗。两组患者行TACE术时对肝动静脉瘘、门静脉癌栓及下腔静脉病变等并发症给予相应处理。结果TACE组治疗42例患者,1、2、3年生存率分别为72%、55%和21%,中位生存期1.78年;综合治疗组38例患者1、2、3年生存率分别为89%、78%和53%,中位生存期2.31年。综合治疗组的生存率及生存期均显著高于TACE组(P<0.05)。综合治疗组的综合介入治疗效果与死亡风险率呈显著的负相关(OR=0.570,P<0.05)。结论TACE联合射频消融对原发性肝癌的治疗可显著提高原发性肝癌的生存率,延长生存期。     

射频消融联合经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗原发性肝癌

目的 探讨经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合射频消融对原发性肝癌的治疗效果.方法 将经病理、影像学诊断及AFP值证实的原发性肝癌符合筛选条件的患者共80例,按住院号数的单、双数分成两组:对照组(TACE组)42例,综合治疗组(TACE+射频消融组)38例.对照组只给予TACE治疗,综合治疗组先行TACE后2～3周再予联合射频消融治疗.两组患者行TACE术时对肝动静脉瘘、门静脉癌栓及下腔静脉病变等并发症给予相应处理.结果 TACE组治疗42例患者,1、2、3年生存率分别为72%、55%和21%,中位生存期1.78年;综合治疗组38例患者1、2、3年生存率分别为89%、78%和53%,中位生存期2.31年.综合治疗组的生存率及生存期均显著高于TACE组(P＜0.05).综合治疗组的综合介入治疗效果与死亡风险率呈显著的负相关(OR=0.570,P＜0.05).结论 TACE联合射频消融对原发性肝癌的治疗可显著提高原发性肝癌的生存率,延长生存期.     

急诊肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗肝癌破裂出血

自发性破裂出血是肝癌严重的并发症之一,因出血和肿瘤双重因素影响致使临床处理较为困难.以往多行急诊肝切除治疗,但存在着较高的病死率.本文对16例肝癌破裂出血病人采用急诊介入肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)取得满意疗效.现报告如下.     

Sequential transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy,and high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) treated by sequential therapy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE),three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3-DCRT) and high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU).From October,2005 to September,2010,120 patients with unresectable HCC received the sequential treatments of several courses of TACE followed in 2-4 weeks by 3-DCRT and then a single session of HIFU with a curative intent.The median tumor irradiation dose was 40 Gy.Tumor response,toxicity and overall survival rate were analyzed.Clinicopathologic factors affecting the primary technique effectiveness and overall survival rates were investigated by univariate analysis or multivariate analysis.All 120 HCC patients were followed up by the last follow-up time.Among these patients,hepatic toxicities due to treatment were notable in 9 cases.Gastrointestinal bleeding after the overall treatment occurred in 2 cases,leukopenia of grade III was detected in 1 case,radiation-induced liver disease(RILD) was observed in 2 patients,and first-and second-degree skin burn around the HIFU treatment zone were observed in 2 patients and 1 patient,respectively.Among 120 patients,23,83 and 14 cases achieved partial response,stable disease and progressive disease,respectively.The overall survival rates at 1 year,3 years and 5 years were 70%,35% and 15%,respectively,with a median survival time of 26 months.Both Child-Pugh liver function grading and radiation dose were determined to be independent predictors for overall survival revealed by the multivariate analysis.It is concluded that the sequential therapy of TACE,3-DCRT and HIFU is a promising therapeutic regimen for unresectable HCC.     

食管癌全程三维适形放射治疗疗效观察

目的研究三维适形放射治疗（3D-CRT）食管癌的近期疗效和治疗反应。方法选择85例食管癌患者,其中男性55例,女性30例;年龄40～87岁,平均年龄64.64岁。分为3D-CRT组和常规放射治疗组。3D-CRT组：40例;常规放射治疗组：45例。放射治疗总剂量均为60～66Gy,常规分割,每次2Gy,5次/周,6～7周完成。结果 3D-CRT组和常规放射治疗组总有效率（CR＋PR）分别为97.50%、82.20%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。3D-CRT组和常规放射治疗组的1、2、3年局部控制率分别为72.6%、56.8%、48.4%和60.9%、36.3%、28.6%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。3D-CRT组和常规放射治疗组的1、2、3年生存率分别为68.5%、49.5%、38.0%和51.8%、32.3%、16.4%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。两组急性放射性气管炎、放射性食管炎差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 3D-CRT食管癌能提高局部控制率和生存率,近期反应和远期反应均可耐受。     

CT模拟定位三维适形放射治疗食管癌的临床研究

目的探讨CT模拟定位三维适形放射治疗食管癌的疗效。方法1997年4月～2002年7月,经病理证实的食管鳞状细胞癌87例患者，其中男性56例，女性31例，年龄42～75岁，平均年龄62.5岁，随机分为2组，两组患者一般情况、性别、年龄及病变部位构成经统计学检验无统计学意义，一组为采用CT模拟定位进行三维适形放射治疗，另一组为常规模拟定位放射治疗，两组的剂量都为64～66Gy／32.33次／6.4～6.6周。结果采用Kaplan—Meier法计算生存率，并用Log—Rank检验其差异性。治疗计划各指标分析采用kolmogorowSmirnov法行正态分布检验，继而行t检验，以P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。CT模拟定位三维适形放射治疗组和常规模拟定位放射治疗组1、2、3、4年生存率分别为70.1％、55.6％、40.4％、36.3％和65.4％、50.6％、30.6％、20.9％（p〉0.05）。但是对Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者，CT模拟定位三维适形放射治疗组和常规模拟定位放射治疗组的生存率分别为81.2％、75.5％、67.3％、61.5％和80.1％、65.7％、54.9％、29.7％（P〈0，05），局部控制率分别为75.6％、71.7％、65.5％、59.0％和65.4％、50.6％、33.3％、25.6％（P〈0.05）。而对于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的患者，两组之间的生存率和局部控制率差异无统计学意义。结论CT模拟定位三维适形放射治疗的疗效明显好于常规模拟定位放射治疗组。特别对Ⅰ-Ⅱ期早期食管癌患者两组之间差异有统计学意义，而对晚期患者差异无统计学意义。     

3D-CRT联合替吉奥治疗不能根治性手术切除的中晚期贲门癌的临床疗效和毒副反应观察

目的：探讨三维适形放疗(three dimensional conformal radiotherapy,3D-CRT)联合替吉奥治疗难以根治切除的中晚期贲门癌的疗效及其安全性研究。方法：选取2011年1月至2014年1月于我院诊治的难以手术根治的中晚期贲门癌患者64例,随机分为观察、对照两组各32例,对照组采用瘤区3D-CRT放射治疗而观察组在对照组基础上加用口服替吉奥胶囊治疗,观察两组治疗后病情缓解情况、2年生存率及放化疗不良反应发生情况,记录比较两组治疗前后KPS评分、T细胞亚群各项指标及肿瘤标志物水平。结果：治疗后观察组KPS评分、CD3+,CD4+及CD4+/CD8+、PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平较治疗前有显著提高而CEA、CA19-9水平则有显著降低,对照组KPS评分、CD8+、PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平相对于治疗前有明显增高,但CD3+,CD4+及CD4+/CD8+,CEA、CA19-9水平则有显著降低,而观察组无论是在KPS评分、T细胞亚群4项指标还是肿瘤标志物4项指标上,均与对照组有显著差异;毒副作用方面,观察组各项副反应发生率与对照组均未见显著差异;而在病情缓解情况上,观察组客观缓解率78.1%,远高于对照组53.1%(P<0.05);而治疗后2年存活率两组差异不明显。结论：3D-CRT联合替吉奥在治疗手术难以根治的中晚期贲门癌上,能够缓解病情,疗效显著,同时还能提高患者的免疫能力,安全性较高,在符合同步放化疗适应症的情况下是一种值得推广的治疗手段。     

局部晚期胰腺癌三维适形放射治疗与γ射线体部立体定向放射治疗加量疗效分析

目的回顾性分析局部晚期胰腺癌患者接受直线加速器X射线常规三维适形放射治疗（简称放疗）（3D-CRT组）与常规适形放疗加γ射线体部立体定向放疗加量治疗（SBRT加量组）之间的疗效差异。方法 40例局部晚期胰腺癌患者,其中男性22例,女性18例;年龄46～83岁,中位年龄72岁。3D-CRT组28例,SBRT加量组12例。ⅡA期（T3N0）6例,ⅡB（T1-3N1）5例,Ⅲ（T4N0-1）29例。单纯3D-CRT组计划总剂量46～50 Gy。SBRT加量组的常规适形放疗剂量计划为40 Gy（20次）,然后采用SBRT追加加量16Gy（8次）。结果中位随访时间27个月（随访时间3～44个月）,全组适形放疗中位肿瘤靶体积（GTV）为75.3 mL（GTV为17.5～191.7 mL）,中位CTV为349.7 mL（CTV为114.4～727.9 mL）。SBRT加量CT定位时中位GTV为47.5mL（GTV为11.7～96.9mL）。3D-CRT组中位照射剂量46Gy（照射剂量18～50Gy）,SBRT组适形放疗中位照射剂量40 Gy（照射剂量40～46 Gy）,γ射线立体定向放疗加量中位照射剂量16 Gy（照射剂量14～20 Gy）。全组中位生存时间8.4个月（生存时间1.4～35.1个月）,3D-CRT组与SBRT组的中位生存时间分别为8.2个月（生存时间1.4～21.2个月）、17.7个月（生存时间2.9～35.1个月）,P〉0.05。两组治疗相关急性和后期副反应差异无统计学意义。结论对于局部晚期胰腺癌患者,适形放疗加γ射线立体定向放疗加量耐受性好,有提高生存期的趋势。能否真正地提高生存率,有待进一步扩大样本研究。     

博路定联合肝动脉化疗对HBsAg（＋）肝癌病人生存期的影响

目的 观察博路定联合肝动脉化疗对HBsAg（＋）肝癌病人肝功能和生存期的影响。方法 36例HBsAg（＋）无法手术的肝癌病人随机分为两组：对照组20例，治疗组16例。对照组：单纯行肝动脉化疗术。治疗组：先给予博路定两周后行肝动脉化疗术。观察乙肝病毒DNA清除率和生存时间。结果 对照纽和治疗组比较，3个月后HBV—DAN清除率分别为5％和100％（P〈0．01），中位生存时间分别为5个月和8个月（P〈0、01）。结论 博路定能快速抑制病毒复制，提高HBsAg（＋）肝癌病人患者生存时间。     

原发性肝癌患者血清可溶性HVEM的检测及其临床意义

目的检测原发性肝癌患者血清中可溶性单纯疱疹病毒侵入介体（sHVEM）的水平并探讨其临床意义。方法应用夹心ELISA法检测41例原发性肝癌患者和48例健康体检者血清中sHVEM水平。结果原发性肝癌患者血清sHVEM水平为（81.2±22.8）μg/L,正常人血清sHVEM为（39.9±22.3）μg/L,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且原发性肝癌患者血清sHVEM与甲胎蛋白（AFP）呈正相关（r=0.513,P〈0.05）;Ⅲ/Ⅳ期原发性肝癌患者血清sHVEM水平为（102.1±55.8）μg/L,显著高于Ⅰ/Ⅱ期患者（58.5±30.1）μg/L,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;术后原发性肝癌患者血清sHVEM水平为（74.8±27.4）μg/L,显著低于术前（98.7±38.5）μg/L,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论原发性肝癌患者血清中高水平的sHVEM与临床分期、治疗情况及其他肿瘤标志物相关,提示sHVEM可能在原发性肝癌的发生发展中起重要作用,检测sHVEM对原发性肝癌的诊断及疗效评估有一定的意义。     

经肝动脉化疗栓塞-冷循环微波刀序贯治疗肝癌的临床应用研究

目的评价经肝动脉化疗栓塞-冷循环微波刀序贯治疗对肝癌的安全性和有效性。方法60例肝癌患者接受治疗,瘤块体积均大于5cm。其中仅27例瘤块为单个,其余33例为多个,但均不超过6个。所有病例均经过全面评价,均失去最佳手术切除时机。化疗栓塞采用经皮经肝动脉插管,1周后常规复查CT观察碘油沉积情况,如果肿瘤被栓塞不完全充分,则予冷循环微波刀治疗。结果中位随访期12个月(6～18个月),CT随访显示,128个肿瘤结节中,108个病灶(占84.3%)为完全坏死,16个病灶(占12.76%)为不完全坏死,4个(3.1%)病灶为部分坏死。其中44个原发癌灶中36完全坏死(占80.3%),16个转移癌灶中12个完全坏死(占75%)。结论经肝动脉化疗栓塞-冷循环微波刀序贯治疗肝癌效果良好,能明显使肿瘤缩小甚至消失,是一种微创、有效的治疗方法。     

Long-term outcome of preoperative transarterial chemoembolization and hepatic resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Background/Aims

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) improves the survival of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and has been recommended as a first-line therapy for nonsurgical patients with large or multifocal HCC. The long-term outcome of HCC patients receiving TACE prior to hepatic resection is uncertain.

Methods

Between January 1997 and December 2007, 1,530 patients underwent hepatic resection for HCC at our center. Thirty-two patients received 1~12 sessions of TACE followed by surgical resection (TACE-surgery group). Their overall and recurrence-free survival rates were compared with those of 64 age- and sex-matched controls who underwent surgery only (surgery group). Overall and recurrence-free survival rates were analyzed.

Results

The 1-, 2-, and 5-year overall survival rates did not differ significantly between the TACE-surgery group and the surgery group (78%, 60%, and 26%, respectively, vs. 97%, 83%, and 45%, respectively; P=0.11); however, the 1-, 2-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were significantly lower in the TACE-surgery group than in the surgery group (58%, 36%, and 7%, respectively, vs. 77%, 58%, and 32%, respectively; P=0.01). The distribution of recurrence sites in the TACE-surgery group were intrahepatic in 85.7% and extrahepatic in 14.3%, and did not differ from those in the surgery group (91.4% and 8.6%, respectively; P=0.66).

Conclusions

HCC patients who underwent TACE before resection appear to have overall survival rates that are comparable to those without preoperative therapy, although recurrence rates appear to be higher in patients with TACE.     

Diagnostic value of serum Golgi protein 73 for HBV-related primary hepatic carcinoma

Background: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are routinely used for diagnosis and monitoring of hepatic diseases, but it has a limited value. Golgi protein 73 (GP73) has been suggested as a new marker for hepatic diseases. Objective: To explore the clinical value of serum GP73 in different diseases associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Method: Between January 2010 and August 2014, serum samples from 88 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 78 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC), and 194 patients with HBV-related primary hepatic cancer (PHC) were collected. Serum samples from 30 healthy volunteers were used as controls. ELISA and microparticle enzyme immunoassay were used to measure serum GP73 and AFP levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum GP73 and AFP for PHC. Results: For the diagnosis of PHC, GP73 showed a sensitivity of 65.5% and specificity of 66.3%, while AFP levels showed sensitivity of 64.4% and specificity of 76.5%. Serial testing (both tests are positive) could increase the specificity (sensitivity of 45.9% and specificity of 85.5%) while parallel testing (any single positive test result) could increase the sensitivity (sensitivity of 84.0% and specificity of 57.2%). Serum GP73 and AFP levels were significantly different between Child-Pugh grades (P<0.001 for GP73 and P=0.044 for AFP). Significant differences in serum GP73 and AFP were found between TNM stages (all P<0.001). Conclusion: Serum GP73 had limited diagnostic value for HBV-related PHC. The combined use of serum GP73 and AFP levels improved the diagnostic efficacy.